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GERO > EXAM 2 > Flashcards

EXAM 2 Flashcards

eyes + ears, endocrine, geropharm, pain, neurocognitive (80 cards)

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1
Q

dry macular degeneration

A

drusen deposits form r/t inflammation and sit on macula.
no cure

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2
Q

wet macular degeneration

A

abnormal vessels form, rupture, and bleed on the retina.
injection of proteins

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3
Q

macular degeneration signs

A

loss of fine vision
central vision acuity

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4
Q

macular degeneration risk factors

A

white females
infection
family history
injury

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5
Q

presbyopia

A

decreased focus on close objects
normal change w age

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6
Q

strabismus

A

weak eye muscles

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7
Q

myopia

A

near sighted
can see close

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8
Q

hyperopia

A

far sighted
can see far

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9
Q

ptosis

A

loss of eyelid tone
eye drooping

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10
Q

delirium

A

acute confusion
common w stimulation overload
yes, reorient

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11
Q

cataracts

A

cloudy lens

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12
Q

floaters

A

caused by pieces of vitreous that broke off

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13
Q

presbycusis

A

normal hearing loss w age
starts w high pitch and high frequency

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14
Q

conductive hearing loss

A

problem w transmission from external through middle ear
(cerumen impaction, otitis media)

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15
Q

sensorineural hearing loss

A

problem w nerves or inner ear

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16
Q

tinnitus

A

ringing of ears

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17
Q

otitis media

A

fluid in middle ear

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18
Q

otitis externa

A

fluid in external ear canal
swimmer’s ear

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19
Q

external ear

A

auricle, ear canal

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20
Q

middle ear

A

malleus incus, stapes, tympanic membrane

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21
Q

inner ear

A

cochlea (semicircular canals)

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22
Q

labyrinthitis

A

inflamed semicircular canals
dizziness + N/V

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23
Q

Meniere’s disease

A

chronic, flareups and remissions of severe vertigo and tinnitus

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24
Q

cerumen

A

ear wax

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25
issues w q tip usage
increases cerumen production chronic inflamed ear canal fibers will clog ear canal impaction of cerumen
26
open angle glaucoma
slow progression loss of peripheral vision
27
closed angle glaucoma
acute complete blockage fluid cannot drain
28
glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure on optic nerve
29
pharmacokinetics
what the body does to the drugs
30
pharmacodynamics
what the drug does to the body
31
drugs most likely to cause adverse drug events
antipsychotics diuretics anticoagulants anticonvulsants
32
why are older people often dehydrated
decreased muscle mass (sarcopenia) decreased thirst + water intake diuretic drugs
33
nociceptive pain
nerves pick up signals about tissue damage responsive to opioids somatic or visceral
34
somatic pain
musculoskeletal pain increases w movement achy and sharp
35
visceral pain
deeper organ pain diffused and often referred
36
neuropathic pain
nerve damage use adjuvant meds often have parastehsia
37
neuropathic pain
nerve damage use adjuvant meds often have paresthesia
38
painad scale
for nonverbal pt based on... breathing - vocalization facial expression body language consolability
39
pain is
subjective
40
causes of parkinson's
environmental genetic lifestyle
41
parkinson's pathophys
insufficient dopamine r/t 60-80% of substantia nigra dying off
42
average age of parkinson's diagnosis
62 years
43
pugilistic parkinsonism
caused by repeated head trauma
44
parkinson's motor signs
bradykinesia festination unilateral tremors postural instability stooped hunched posture stiffness + rigidity
45
festination
shuffling gait with no arm movement
46
parkinson's autonomic signs
orthostatic hypotension constipation increased urgency
47
parkinson's cognitive changes
bradyphrenia distracted attention delayed working memory difficulty organizing thoughts
48
other parkinson's signs
loss of sense of smell micrographia masked face decreased reflexes depression REM behavior disorder paranoia visual hallucinations psychosis
49
to be diagnosed with parkinson's, pt must experience
bradykinesia
50
tremor dominant parkinson
progresses at a slower rate less likely to develop dementia
51
non tremor dominant parkinson
more widespread pathology 4x more likely to develop dementia
52
decreased liver function
increased drug effects
53
decreased renal function
decreased drug excretion (more toxicity)
54
increased gastric pH
slows effect of acid dependant drugs
55
increased gastric motility
decreased drug effect
56
decreased gastric motility
increased drug effect
57
increased body fat
increased drug affect of fat soluble drugs (extended storage)
58
Beer's criteria
list of potentially inappropriate meds for older adults include special guidelines for PIMs
59
palliative care
total care for patient and family unit goal: relieve symptoms and provide best quality of life
60
hospice
terminal diagnosis or 6 month prognosis a form of palliative care
61
dementia
chronic, progressive syndrome general term for memory loss
62
2 groups of dementia symptoms
cognitive dysfunction behavioral and psychological
63
Alzheimer's
progressive, degenerative neuron loss plaques and tangles
64
lewy body dementia
in parkinson patients
65
delirium
acute confusion reversable syndrome of disturbed consciousness
66
perception determines
behavior
67
perceptual field properties
fluidity intensity direction stability
68
fluidity
person takes in what is occurring and is apart of the situation
69
intensity
awareness of factors in the environment
70
direction
gives meaning to field and what is perceived there
71
stability
some predictability and knowledge about how to function within the field
72
perceptual field during delirium
increased fluidity increased intensity decreased direction decreased stability
73
hypoactive delirium symptoms
decreased alertness lethargy slowed movements
74
hyperactive delirium symptoms
agitation combative hallucinations restlessness pulling at lines trying to escape
75
pharm nurse note for delirium
do not give benzos
76
suicide risk
older males dx w depression
77
SLAP
suicide risk assess Specific plan Lethal method Availability of method Proximity to help
78
delusions
false beliefs based on incorrect inference about external reality
79
nonbizarre delusions
situations that COULD occur
80
bizarre delusions
based on situations that are unreal, not understandable, and not based on real life

GERO (4 decks)

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