Exam 2 Flashcards by Zachary Norvell

Competitive party states

upper midwest and mountain west

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

All state legislatures are organized by party except?

Nebraska

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Party/Political Machines

political organizations controlled by small # of people

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Non Partisan Ballots

does not list candidates by political party

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

primary electrions

voters select candidates for general election

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Closed Primary

Voters only is that party can vote

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Open Primary

open to all registered voters

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Runoff Primary

held if no one recieves majority
top 2 face off

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

California Democratic Party vs. Jones
(2000)

supreme court said blanket primary is unconstitutional
(1st ammendent: right of association)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Jungle Primary
Where?

all candidates run in same primary (if someone gets majority they win)
Louisiana

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

“Top Two” Primary
where?

all parties in same ballot but top 2 always have runoff
Washington/ California

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Super PACs

political action comittee that can spend unlimited funds on candidates but can’t coordinate directly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Buckley vs. Valeo
(1976)

ruled political expenditures are equivalent to free speech

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Citizens United vs. Federal Election Commission
(2010)

made it possible for corporations to spend unlimited funds on parties

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

McCutchen vs. Federal Election Commission
(2014)

increased cap that individuals can donate from 74k to 1 million

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dark Money Groups

undisclosed donors
(companies)
spend more than 1 billion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Soft Money
(illegal now)

money that goes to state politcal parties with no regulations

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How many people consider themselves independent?

around 42%

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

why do independents and third parties struggle to get power?

winner take all system
(can’t get majority)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what do 3rd parties and independants need to get on ballot?

lots of signitures
some states reuire % to quilify for next ballot

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How many governor have been elected from neither party?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lobbying

how citizens and companies try to make views knwn to policymakers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

interest groups

spend mony to try to influence legislators

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

5 types of interest groups

mmebership group
trade association
indiviadual institution
government lobbyists
private individuals

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

# interest groups membership group

made of group with common interests

# interest groups trade association

a particular industry or field

# interest group individual institution

large companies

# interest groups government lobbyists

the governments themselves

# interest groups private individuals

individuals tht lobby on their own

Lobbyist facts

around 40,000 lobbyist in state capitals billion $ business california lobbies exceed $350 million

most expensive insterst groups?

Labor

least expensive interest groups

transportation

comittee

group of legislators who have task of writing bills in certain areas

override

if legislature gets supermajority (2/3) which overrules veto

coalition building

assembly of legislators coming together to try to pass something

In 2020 which state legislature flipped majority party?

New Hampshire

Basic Functions of State Legislatures

Lawmaking Representative Oversight Constituent Service

# Basic Functions of State Legislatures Contituent Service

personalized casework done by legislature to help residents in district

# Basic Functions of State Legislatures Oversight

verseeing activities of governor, exec branch, and private busineeses through hearings, budget reviews, and investigations

# Basic Functions of State Legislatures Police Patrol vs. Fire Alarms

legislatures typically wait for fire alarm to be pulled instead of actively patrolling

ALEC

American Legislative Exchange Council help conservatives get into office and pass bills

How long do sentate vs house of rep serve?

Senate: 4 yrs House: 2 yrs

Which states have largest and smallest # of state legislatures

New Hampshire - 424 Nebraska - 49 (unicameral)

around how many comittees are there per chamber?

15-20

Who oversee senate in Texas?

leautinent governor

what % of state legislative races happen unapposed?

40-45%

Why do legislators serve on comittees?

for power and constiuient service typically relevent to district

Rank-file member

legislators that don't hold leadership position

Delegate: Trustee:

D - legislator who sees role according to voters belief T - legislator who beliefs they were elected for their own judgement

How often are districts redrawn

every 10 yrs

apportionment

alotting district based off populations shifts

Professional Backgrounds of legislators

8% retired 15% lawyers 30% business remain are other areas

which state has a majority woman legislature

Nevada

which 4 state have a part time legislature

Montana, Nevada, North Dakota, and Texas

which types of states have a more proffessionalized legislature (except Texas)

more populous

Plural - Executive system

governor is not dominant figure

Roles of governor

cheif legislator head of state agencies chief spokesman of state party chief

Which office is more likely to have split ticket vote

governor

lame-duck session

time between replacing governor

formal powers of governor

power to appoint power to prepare state budget power to veto power to grant pardons power to call special sessions

what is most powerful tool of governor

power over state budget

how much power does the Texas state governor have over budget

little can only make recommendations

how much power does Maryland governor have over budget

a lot only governor can make proposals

how many states only need a simple majority to overturn governors veto

how many states governors don't have power to line-item veto

informal governor powers

popular support party support ability to communicate

Which states have 2 yr terms and no term limit

Vermont and New Hampshire

Attorney general

top law enforcement in state sometimes steps in as lawyer sues federal government

In how many states are Lt. gov and gov on same ticket

half

Secretary of State

top election officer in 37 states issue business liscenses

Intermediate Appelate court

court specifically for appeals

bench trial

no jury is present judges decision

how many states dont have Appelate court

11 and D.C.

# appeal courts Discretionary Jursidiction

power to chose which appeals to review

EN banc

when all judges are present to hear appeal

Panel

group of judges to hear appeal

how are most trial court judges selected?

non partisan elections

which area of the counry is only one to allow appointments of judges

Northeast states

Williams-Yulee vs. Florida Bar (2015)

Florida can band judge candidates from getting campaign funds

Pure appointive system Where?

judges are appointed by governor without list of candidates only in California, Maine, and New Jersey

Merit Selection

governor gets a list of judges to chose from (hybrid of appt/elect)

Retention election

afte rjudge term ends people can vote to keep them in

Which states judges serve life terms

Rhoade Island

Which 2 states judges serve until 70 yrs old

Massechusetts and New Hampshire

How do you impeach judge

majority in house and then 2/3 senate

Prosecutor

Elected to 4 yr term Power from state

Grand jury

Group of citizens that decide if case goes to trial Only prosecutor goes before them

Jury nullification

Jury believes law is immoral so they cancel it out

Assigned council

Private lawyer that only works on certain area of cases

Contract attorney

Private lawyer that works with government for specific time

How much time do public defenders get with client

6 mins

What to majority of states require for jury

12 members and unanimous decision

Which state needs supermajority for jury

Oregon

Truth-in-sentencing law

Portion of sentence that must be served before eligible for parol

Recidivism

Rate of criminal relapse

Rocket Docket

Creates deadlines for cases Fast tracks cases

Beaurocrat

Employee of public agencies

Elements of beaucracy

Devision of labor Hierarchy Formal rules Maintenance of files and records Professionalization

What is the largest form of bureaucracy?

Public Schools

Which state leads the country in beauracratic employees and expenditures?

Alaska

Exam 2 Flashcards

(100 cards)