EXAM 2

Question 1

what is the distinguishing feature of amino acids?

Answer 1

the R functional group

Question 2

what are the four components of an amino acid?

Answer 2

alpha carbon
amine group
carboxylic acid
R group

Question 3

T/F hydrophobic amino acids have functional groups that only contain C’s and H’s

Answer 3

true

Question 4

what are the 3 aromatic amino acids?

Answer 4

Tryptophan (trp)
Phenylalanine (phe)
Tyrosine (tyr)

Question 5

what are the 3 branched amino acids?

Answer 5

leucine
isoleucine
valine

Question 6

T/F hydrophilic polar charged amino acids have an additional acid/base functional group

Answer 6

True, there is an extra charge

Question 7

what are the 2 sulfur-containing amino acids

Answer 7

cysteine
methionine

Question 8

how many amino acids are there total

Answer 8

21

Question 9

a compound that acts as both an acid and base

Answer 9

amphiprotic

Question 10

what is a zwitterion

Answer 10

neutrally charged ion

Question 11

what is the name of the bond between two amino acids

Answer 11

peptide linkage

Question 12

what is a dipeptide

Answer 12

2 amino acids linked together

Question 13

what is a tripeptide

Answer 13

3 amino acids linked together

Question 14

what is a tetrapeptide

Answer 14

4 amino acids linked together

Question 15

how many peptide bonds are within a tetrapeptide

Answer 15

3 peptide bonds

Question 16

if you have 2 types of amino acids, how many different peptides can you make

Answer 16

4

Question 17

if you have 3 types of amino acids, how many peptides can you make

Answer 17

27

Question 18

T/F if you start with a molecule ABCDE. using hydrolysis you can make the molecule BCD

Answer 18

true

Question 19

what is the energetic defining feature of the primary structure of a protein

Answer 19

covalent bond

Question 20

T/F during denaturation, the primary structure remains uncharged

Answer 20

true

Question 21

with hydrolysis, are you adding water or removing it

Answer 21

adding water

Question 22

hat is the primary structure of a protein

Answer 22

amino acid sequence

Question 23

can you rotate a single bond

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

can you rotate a double bond

Answer 24

no

Question 25

what level of protein structure contains amide planes

Answer 25

secondary structure

Question 26

what causes the double helix

Answer 26

as the alpha carbon rotates, the amide planes run into one another

Question 27

how many AA residues are in one turn of an alpha helix

Answer 27

3.6

Question 28

is the alpha helix higher or lower in energy compared to the primary structure

Answer 28

lower in energy

Question 29

what is the tertiary structure of proteins

Answer 29

interaction of R groups

Question 30

what is the name of the bond between sulfur and sulfur

Answer 30

disulfide linkage

Question 31

what are the 4 types of bonds between tertiary structures

Answer 31

covalent bonds hydrogen bonds salt bridges hydrophobic interactions

Question 32

which level of protein structure can change the binding site availability of proteins

Answer 32

quaternary structure

Question 33

what level of protein structure is the least stable

Answer 33

quaternary structure

Question 34

what levels of protein structure can be denatured

Answer 34

tertiary and quaternary structures

Question 35

what are the two methods of denaturation

Answer 35

temp and Ph

Question 36

what is myoglobin

Answer 36

oxygen-containing peptide

Question 37

where is myoglobin found

Answer 37

skeletal muscle

Question 38

are globular proteins water soluble

Answer 38

yes

Question 39

are fibrous proteins water soluble

Answer 39

no

Question 40

what are the functions of globular proteins

Answer 40

transporters enzymes immune globin apolipoproteins receptors

Question 41

are tendons, ligaments, skin and collagen examples of fibrous proteins or globular proteins

Answer 41

fibrous proteins

Question 42

hat is the main AA in collagen

Answer 42

glycine

Question 43

collagen is made up of 33% __ and 22% ___

Answer 43

glycine, proline

Question 44

what is the result of not getting enough vitamin C

Answer 44

slow wound healing gum bleeding scurvy

Question 45

describe the bohr effect

Answer 45

if you increase the acidity, the capacity of binding oxygen decreases

Question 46

what counter balances the negative charge of HCO3 moving across the RBC barrier

Answer 46

Cl-, the chloride shift

Question 47

is oxygenated hemoglobin used in a venous vessel or an arterial vessel

Answer 47

venous vessel

Question 48

is deoxygenated hemoglobin used in a venous vessel or an arterial vessel

Answer 48

arterial vessel