Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gen Chem 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(86 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what need to collide to react

A

reactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what to collisions need to have to initiate a reaction

A

activation energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

molecules must collide in an orientation that can lead to an rearrangement of the atoms

A

steric factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

effective collisions lead to the formation of an ______ ________ which is also known as the _______ _______

A

activated complex
transition state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Arrhenius equation

A

k=Axe^-Ea/ RT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what plot of the Arrhenius equation gives a straight line

A

ln(k) verus 1/T
slope -Ea/R
intercept= ln(A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Arrhenius equation used to find activation energy

A

Ea= (-R*lnk2/k1)/ (1/T2 - 1/T1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Arrhenius equation used to find rate constant

A

ln k2/k1 = -Ea/R (1/T2 - 1/T2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a sequence of molecular events, or reaction steps, that defines the pathway from reactants to products

A

reaction mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what can be describes as a sequence of elementary reactions or elementary steps

A

overall reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the overall reaction describes the reaction stoichiometry but does not tell us how the reaction ________

A

proceeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

an _______ ________ is a single step based on one collision (describes behavior of molecule)

A

elementary reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what appears is the mechanism but not in the overall balanced equation

A

intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what always sum up to overall reactions and can involve intermediates

A

elementary reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

reactions are often classified by their ________

A

molarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the experimentally observed rate law for an ______ _______ must depend on the ________ _________

A

overall reaction
reaction mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the slowest step with determine the rate: called

A

rate determining step

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the energy of reactants and products stays the same the ______ _______ changes

A

transition state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what affects the reaction rate but is not consumed

A

catalyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the ______ is the same before and after the reaction

A

catalyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

can the catalyst be a part of the rate law

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what type of catalyst can be in the same phase as the reaction / reactants

A

Homogeneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what type of catalyst is in a different phase than the reaction/ reactants

A

heterogeneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

are enzymes a separate class of catalysts

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
a mixture where [reactants] and [products] are in an equilibrium state is called an
equilibrium mixture
26
chemical equilibrium is a
dynamic equilibrium
27
in a dynamin equilibrium there is no _______ __________ which means forward and reverse rates are ________
net conversion equal
28
a reaction that occurs in both directions is called a
reversible reaction
29
strictly: all reactions are _______ But: we call reactions that proceed nearly to completion __________
reversible irreversible
30
Kc or equilibrium constant equation
Kf/Kr
31
Kc is __________
dimensionelss
32
Kc will always be the ________ at a particular temperature
same
33
Qc reaction quotient equation
Qc=[c]^c t [D]^d t / [A]^a t [B]^b t
34
Kc reaction quotient equation
[C]^c eq [ D]^d eq / [A] ^a eq [B]^b eq
35
at equilibrium Kc= Qc known as the
law of mass action
36
law of mass action holds for ______ reaction
any
37
if Qc
left to right
38
if Qc>Kc net reaction
right to left
39
Qc = Kc at equilibrium
no net reaction
40
Kc<<1 denominator much larger than the numerator ______ dominate
reactants
41
Kc>>1 numerator much larger than denominator ________ dominate
products
42
solutions and pure gas phase reactions are considered
homogenous equilibria
43
reactions for which reactants and products belong to more tan one phase are examples of
heterogenous equilibria
44
the concentration of a solid is directly related to its density it will ______ ________ with the amount of solid you have
not change
45
are concentrations of pure solids and pure liquids included when writing the equilibrium constant expression
NO
46
Kc' equation
[A]^a [B]^b/ [C]^c[D]^d = 1/Kc
47
equilibrium constant Kp equation
Kp= Kc(RT)^ delta n
48
the concentration of an _____ reactant or product is relieved by reaction in the direction that ________ the added substance
added consumes
49
the concentration stress of a ________ reactant or product is relieved by reaction In the direction that _________ the removed substance
removed replenishes
50
applying a stress to an equilibrium mixture will produce a net reaction in the direction that relieves the stress
la chateliers principle
51
decreasing the volume in an equation will favor the side with
less molecules
52
endothermic processes are favored when temp ______
increases
53
exothermic processes are favored when temp __________
decreases
54
a catalysts ________ the rate at which equilibrium is reached. it ____ ______ affect the ________ of the equilibrium mixture
accelerates does not composition
55
what transfers a proton to another substance
bronsted lowry acid
56
what accepts a proton
bronsted Lowry bases
57
chemical species that only differ by 1 H+ are called
conjugate acid-base pairs
58
what is the ion product of water equation
Kw= [H3O+][OH-]= 1.0 x 10 ^-14
59
shorthand of pH
pH= - log[H3O+] and [H3O+] = 10^pH
60
pH<7
acid
61
pH>7
base
62
pH=7
neutral
63
pOH=
-log[OH-]
64
pOH equation
14= -log[H3O+] - log [OH-] = pH+pOH
65
strong acids dissociate
100%
66
strong acids have very ______ conjugate bases
weak
67
HCl
hydrochloric acid
68
HBr
hydrobromic acid
69
HI
hydroiodic acid
70
HNO3
nitric acid
71
H2SO4
sulfuric acid
72
HClO4
perchloric acid
73
HClO3
chloric acid
74
strong bases react
100%
75
strong bases have very ______ conjugate acids
weak
76
LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH
alkali metal hydroxides
77
Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Si(OH)2, Ba(OH)2
alkaline earth metal hydroxides
78
weak acids dissociate _______
<100%
79
acid ionization constant equation Ka
Ka= [H3O+][A-]. or [H+][A-] --------------------- ----------------- [HA] [HA]
80
percent dissociation equation
%diss= [HA] diss/ [HA] initial X 100%
81
base dissociation constant equation Kb
Kb= [BH+][OH-]/ [B]
82
ion product of water equation
Kw=KaXKb
83
acid strength: for elements in the same group ________ dominates
bond strength
84
acid strength increases going from _____ to _______ of the periodic table
top to bottom
85
for elements in the same row increasing ______ and ______ dominate
electronegativity and polarity
86
acid strength increases going from _____ to _____ in the periodic table
left to right

Gen Chem 2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions