EXAM 2

Question 1

Define joint/ articulation.

Answer 1

Sites where two or more bones meet
(Giving the skeleton mobility and hold skeleton together)

Question 2

classification of joints: S

Answer 2

Structural: Three types based on what material binds the joints and whether a cavity is present
Ex: fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Question 3

classification of joints: F

Answer 3

Functional: 3 types based on movement joint allows
1. Synarthroses: immovable joints
2. Amphiarthroses: slightly moveable joints
3. Diarthroses: Freely moveable joints

Question 4

classify joints by structure and by function.

Answer 4

Fibrous Joints: bones = connective tissue
3 types: Sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses

Question 5

Fibrous Joints: Gomphoses

Answer 5

• peg - in socket joints
• holds tooth in the socket

Question 6

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 6

Bones united by cartilage: no joint cavity = not very moveable
2 types: synochndroses, annd symphyses

Question 7

Cartilaginous Joints: synochndroses,

Answer 7

bar or plate hyaline cartilage unites bones
(almost all are synarthrotic a.k.a - immovable

Question 8

Cartilaginous Joints: symphyses

Answer 8

• fibrocartilage unite bone
• strong, amphiarthrotic ( slightly moveable joint
  
  • interverbral joints
  • pubic symphysis

Question 9

Synovial Joints

Answer 9

Bones separated by fluid-filled joint cavity
- all are diarthrotic (freely movable)

Question 10

General structure of (Synovial Joints)

Answer 10

1. Articular cartilage
2. joint(synovial) cavity
3. Articular (joint) capsule
4. Synovial fluid
5. Reinforcing Ligament’s(3)
6. Nerve and blood vessels

Question 11

(Synovial Joints) = Articular cartilage

Answer 11

1. Articular cartilage
2. joint(synovial) cavity
3. Articular (joint) capsule
4. Synovial fluid
5. Reinforcing Ligament’s(3)
6. Nerve and blood vessels

Question 12

Fibrous Joints: Sutures

Answer 12

• rigid, interlocking joints of skull
• immovable joints

Question 13

Fibrous Joints: Syndesmoses

Answer 13

• bones connected by ligaments, bands of fibrous tissue
• fiber lengths varie
  
  • short fibers: little to no
    movement
    ex: inferior tibiofibular joint
  • Longer fibers: larger amount of the movement
    ex: interossous membrane

Question 14

Describe the general structure of fibrous joints, and provide an example of each of the 3 common
types of fibrous joints

Question 15

Bursae

Answer 15

reduce friction where ligaments, muscles, skin tendons, or bones rub together

Question 16

Tendon Sheaths

Question 17

Identify the 6 types of synovial joints based on the movements that they each allow, and provide
examples for each.