Exam #2

Question 1

It has been suggested that media representations strongly influence patient presentations of dissociative identity disorder. T/F

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the key diagnostic criterion for dissociative identity disorder?

Answer 2

The presence of two or more distinct states or expressions

Question 3

______ can be defined as a feeling of unreality or detachment from oneself; whereas ______ include feelings of unreality or detachment from the world.

Answer 3

Depersonalization; derealization

Question 4

With this type of amnesia, the individual experiences a complete loss of memory for most or all of their life history, and is often found wandering in a state of disorientation.

Answer 4

Generalized amnesia

Question 5

A soldier may experience dissociative amnesia during the time they were deployed, yet still have some memories of positive experiences such as celebrating Thanksgiving or Christmas dinner with the members of their unit. Which type of amnesia is described here?

Answer 5

Selective amnesia

Question 6

Individuals with dissociative identity disorder have _____.

Answer 6

the highest rate of childhood psychological trauma compared to all other psychiatric disorders

Question 7

In dissociative identity disorder, the switching of personalities is generally precipitated by what?

Answer 7

A significant stressor

Question 8

What treatment has been shown to be the most beneficial to patients with depersonalization/derealization disorder?

Answer 8

A combined treatment method of psychopharmacological and psychological treatment

Question 9

According to your textbook, how many main types of dissociative disorders are there?

Answer 9

3

Question 10

What area of the brain has been suggested to have a role in dissociative amnesia?

Answer 10

Frontal lobe

Question 11

PTSD Criteria A-E & Timing

Answer 11

A. Stressor
B. Intrusion
C. Avoidance
D. Negative Changes in Cognitions & Mood
E. Alterations in Arousal & Reactivity
*Last longer than one month

Question 12

Acute Stress Disorder

Answer 12

criteria is the same as PTSD but symptoms are present for 3 days - one month

Question 13

Adjustment Disorder

Answer 13

-Symptoms follow a non-traumatic stressor
-Less intense then PTSD & Acute Stress

Question 14

Prolonged Exposure Therapy

Answer 14

psychotherapy - pt. extensively talks out trauma history

Question 15

Cognitive Processing Therapy

Answer 15

addresses unhelpful cognitive changes that occur post trauma

Question 16

Imaginal Exposure

Answer 16

mental recreation of traumatic events

Question 17

In Vivo Exposure

Answer 17

“live” in-person exposure

Question 18

Gradual Exposure

Answer 18

Exposure Over Time

Question 19

Flooding Exposure

Answer 19

Exposure All at Once

Question 20

Iatrogenic

Answer 20

treatments that cause harm

Question 21

Generalized Amnesia

Answer 21

cannot remember anything autobiographical

Question 22

Localized Amnesia

Answer 22

cannot remember specific time periods

Question 23

Selective Amnesia

Answer 23

cannot remember some of the details

Question 24

Dissociative Amnesia

Answer 24

generalized amnesia w/ travel and escape

Question 25

Derealization

Answer 25

subjective experience of unreality of the OUTSIDE WORLD

Question 26

Depersonalization

Answer 26

subjective experience of unreality of THE SELF

Question 27

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Answer 27

-personalities emerge for a reason, typically in response to distress
-diagnosed in individuals w/ trauma history

Question 28

Sybil

Answer 28

Woman was given truth serum & hypnosis and had 16 personalities emerge
May have been influenced by the therapist (Iatrogenic)

Question 29

Problem w/ DID

Answer 29

-not a lot is known
-suggestibility plays a role
-false memories are an issue

Question 30

Anxiety

Answer 30

-future-oriented
-tension & avoidance

Question 31

Fear

Answer 31

-present-oriented
-fight/flight
-avoidance & escapist

Question 32

Panic

Answer 32

sudden overwhelming terror

Question 33

Panic Disorder

Answer 33

Fear of Fear

Question 34

Agoraphobia

Answer 34

Fear of public places

Question 35

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer 35

Worry in many domains - 3 or more symptoms present for 6 months or more

Question 36

Specific Phobia

Answer 36

XXXX-phobia

Question 37

Social Anxiety Disorder

Answer 37

Social/Performance Fear

Question 38

Introceptive

Answer 38

recreate feared physical situations through different exercises
Ex. breathing through the straw for longer times

Question 39

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 39

desensitization over time

Question 40

Fear Hierarchy

Answer 40

levels of fear from least to greatest

Question 41

Modeling

Answer 41

Demonstrating desired behavior

Question 42

Medication Pros

Answer 42

-more immediate fix
-adjusts altered brain chemistry

Question 43

Medication Cons

Answer 43

-can have side effects
-does not address the underlying cause/problem

Question 44

Illness Anxiety Disorder

Answer 44

excessive preoccupation w/ having or getting a serious illness

Question 45

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Answer 45

-physical complaints that do not present a clear disorder
-the concern is w/ symptoms themselves (unlike Illness Anxiety)

Question 46

Conversion Disorder

Answer 46

neurological symptoms without underlying physical illness

Question 47

Factitious Disorder

Answer 47

falsification/exaggeration of physical symptoms

Question 48

Motivations for Conversion/Factitious Disorder (Primary/Secondary)

Answer 48

Primary - avoidance of anxiety/trauma
Secondary - garnering sympathy/attention + avoidance of distress

Question 49

Treatment Considerations for Somatic Symptom Disorders

Answer 49

-false symptoms can increase when attention is given
-if symptoms are not reinforced they will remit