EXAM 2 Flashcards
(34 cards)
Cation
Loss of electron, ion with positive charge, from groups 3B and 2B. Cation with nonmetal has ium ending. Formed from metals
Anion
Gain of electron, ion with negative charge. Formed from non-metals, monoatomic anions have -ide, polyatomic have -ate or its
1 mole =
6.02 times 10^23
Ionic compounds
Composed of cations and anions.
The sum of charges in an ionic compound
Must always equal zero
Covalent Bonds
When 2 nonmetals combine and when metalloid combines with nonmetal.
Combination Reaction
MgO+H20—->Mg(OH)2
Decomposition
2H2O—->2H2+02
Double Replacement
KBr+AgNO3—> KNO3+AgBr
Single Replacement
Zn+2HCl—>ZnCl2+H2
Oxidation/Reduction=Redox
2Na(s)+Cl2(g)—>2Na^+Cl^-(s)
Oxidation occurs when atom, ion, or molecule becomes more
positively charged. This is a loss of electrons from a substance. Substance has been OXIDIZED.
Reduction occurs when atom, ion, or molecule becomes
negatively charged. This is a gain of yelectronsby a substance. Substance has been REDUCED.
A compound that oxidizes another is called an
oxidizing agent
A compound that reduces another is called a
reducing agent
Ions
Cations gain electrons, anions lose electrons
Two element compound
-ide
Polyatomic compounds
-ate means one more oxygen than ite
Less than 0.5
Non polar
0.5-1.9
Polar covalent
1.9 or greater
Ionic
Formal Charge
VE-NBE-(1/2) BE
Prefix for one
Mono (only needed for second element)
Prefix for two
Di
