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MIP 260 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Name the Protozoan Flagellates

A
  • Tryposoma
  • Leishmania
  • Giardia
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2
Q

Name the Protozoan Apicomplexans

A

Cryptosporidium
Emeria
Toxoplasma
Plasmodium

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3
Q

Name the Trematodes

A

Schistosoma
Fasciola
Conchorus

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4
Q

Name the Cestodes

A

Diphyllobothrum
Echinococcosi
Taenia

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5
Q

Life Cycle of Tryposoma, which is VSG+/-

A
  1. Blood stream Amastigote in vertebrate host (VSG+)
  2. Epimastigote in insect host (VSG-)
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6
Q

Which species are associated with kinetoplasts

A

Leishmania and Tryposoma

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7
Q

What species cause acute vs chronic African Sleeping Sickness?

A

Acute-T.brucei brucei
Chronic-T.brucei gambiense

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8
Q

What species is VSG in and what does it mean?

A

Tryposoma, and it is used to evade the immune system

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9
Q

What species cause Chagas disease

A

Trypanosoma Cruzi

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10
Q

Acute vs Chronic symptoms of Chagas disease

A

Acute-small red nodule, lymph swelling, enlarged liver, death
Chronic-nervous sys. Disfunction, cardiac failure, megacolon

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11
Q

Where is the Kinetoplasts in Trypanosoma Life stages?

A

Amastigote-near postier end
Epimastigote-anterior to nucleus

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12
Q

Trypanosoma Intermediate Host and disease associated

A

Tseses flies-African Sleeping Sickness
Triatomine bugs-Chagas disease

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13
Q

Forms of Leishmania and Subsepcies?

A

Cutaneous - tropica, l.major, Mexicana
Mucocutaneous - braziliensis
Visceral - donovani

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14
Q

Leishmania Vector and Host

A

Sandfly
Humans, dogs, rodents

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15
Q

Leishmania Life Cycle and Location

A

Flagellated Amastigote (vertebrate host)
Promastigote (insect host, flagella, kinetoplasts anterior to nucleus)

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16
Q

Infectious stage of Leishmania

A

Promastigotes

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17
Q

Where does Leishmania Live?

A

Inside of macrophages

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18
Q

Cutaneous Leishmania Signs

A

small red papule, ulcers

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19
Q

Mucocutaneous Leishmania Signs

A

ulcerated plaques, potentially disfiguring

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20
Q

Viseral Leishmania Sings

A

Amastigotes found in every tissue and body fluid

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21
Q

Leishmania diagnosis

A

Spleen smear, ELISA, immunofluorescent assay

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22
Q

How do Flagellates reproduce

A

Binary fission

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23
Q

Giardia Life Stages

A
  1. Cyst
  2. Trophozoite (clown face)
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24
Q

How are humans infected with Giardia?

A

Ingesting the cyst

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25
What happens inside the body when Giardia cysts are consumed?
1. Excystation (cyst divides to 2 trophozoites) 2. Trophozoites attach to epithelium and divide 3. Encystment (travels from intestine to colon)
26
How does Giardia effect the GI tract?
Microvilli interfere with absorption
27
Giardia Diagnosis
Wet mount Duodenal fluid Centrifugal flotation ELISA FA PCR
28
Giardia Hosts
Species complex - host associated Common in most dogs and cats
29
Where is toxoplasma in the body?
Intracellular Muscle, GI epithelium, blood, peritoneal fluid, more tissues
30
Toxoplasma definitive host
Cats
31
Acute Toxoplasma
Rapidly dividing stages Parasites in cell accunulate- host cell destroyed - released as tachyzoites
32
Chronic Toxoplasma
Slow replication (bradyzoites) - brain, heart, skeletal muscle Parasites accumulate and become surrounded by tough wall (tissue cysts)
33
When does Toxoplasma infection Occur?
Bradyzoites (tissue cysts ingested) or sporozoites
34
Toxoplasma Infection Signs
Cats - none Humans - congenital defects CNS/worse in immunocompromised
35
Apicomplexans Characteristics
Possess apical complex-distinguished by electron microscopy Oocysts contain sporocysts that contain sporozoites
36
Where do the different spore processes occur in the body?
Merogony/gamogomy inside of host Sporogomy outside of host
37
Emeria Life Cycle
Sporocysts ingested by cattle Schizonts (asexual) - growth in small intestine Micro gametes/Zygotes (sexual)-matures in large intenstine
38
Emeria Effect on the Body
Hemmoraghing Destruction of epithelial cells and tissue
39
Emeria Hosts
VERY host specific Several strains can infect the same host Overcrowded conditions Self limiting
40
Emeria Diagnosis
Fecal flotation
41
Cryptosporidium symptoms
Basic GI shit
42
Cryptosporidium Diagnosis
Acid Fast Immunofluorescent assay +/- fecal flotation ELISA PCR
43
Cryptosporidium Hosts
Low host specificity
44
Plasmodium Disease Name
Malaria
45
Plasmodium/Malaria Diagnosis
Blood smear Immunodiagnostic test PCR
46
Plasmodium/Malaria signs
Up down cycle Fever Convulsions Chills Pain/aches
47
Plasmodium Vector
Female Mosquito
48
Plasmodium Life Cycle
1. Female Mosquito injects sporozoites to bloodstream 2. Enter liver and reproduce asexually 3. Liver cells rupture release merozoites to blood stream 4. Erythozoites that can remain dormant
49
Other name for Dranculus
Guinea fire worm
50
Ovoviviparous
Eggs hatched inside host parent
51
Life Cycle Dranculua
1. Drink water containing L3 larvae in copepods 2. L3 penetrates stomach and SI wall, enter subcutaneous tissue 3. Female migrate to skin surface, lesion in contact with water she emerges 3. Matures into adults in ingual regions
52
Dranculus Signs
Blisters Allergic reaction Bacterial infection Permanent nerve damage
53
How do people get Dranculus
Drinking water with copepods
54
Wulcheria Hosts
Primates/Humans
55
Disease caused by Wulcheria
Elephantitis
56
Wulcheria life cycle
1. L3 introduced by mosquito 2. L3 migrate to lymphs and develop into adults 3. Females oviviparous, microfilia migrate through lymph and blood 4. microfilia Only present at certain times of day
57
Wulcheria Elephantitis Life Cycle
1. Mosquito ingest microfilia (deep tissue during day, skin surface at night) 2. Develop in mosquito to L1 into L3 3. L3 migrate to proboscis of mosquito
58
Elephantitis acute and obstruction
Acute - adult worms, inflammation from worm bacteria, dilation of lymphs (less blood flow) Obstruction - vessels thickened and blocked, lymph drainage impaired. Microfilia - no disease
59
Wulcheria Diagnosis
Knott's test ELISA PCR
60
Ascaris Common Name
Large roundworm
61
Most common helminth infection in the world
Ascaris

MIP 260 (1 decks)

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