Exam 2

Question 1

What are the 5 regions of the vertebrae?

Answer 1

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx

Question 2

How many joints in each of the vertebra parts?

Answer 2

7. 12, 5, 5, 3 (fused)

Question 3

What actions occur in the vertebral column?

Answer 3

Flexion and extension of vertebral column occur within the sagittal plane about a frontal axis

Question 4

What are the actions of C1 and occiput?

Answer 4

Flexion and extension - nodding yes

Question 5

What are the actions of C1-C2?

Answer 5

Rotation - shaking no

Question 6

What are the actions of the cervical spine?

Answer 6

Motion in all 3 planes and axes

Question 7

What are the actions of the thoracic spine?

Answer 7

Lateral bending

Question 8

What are the actions of the lumbar spine?

Answer 8

Flexion and extension

Question 9

What are the actions of the trunk/neck?

Answer 9

Flexion, extension, lateral bending, rotation, compression of the abdomen (trunk only)

Question 10

What are the spinal nerves that innervate the trunk area?

Answer 10

Intercostal and abdominals

Question 11

What is the cervical plexus?

Answer 11

A network of nerve fibers that supplies innervation to some of the structures in the neck and trunk

Question 12

What are the 5 prime movers of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 12

Trapezius, levator scapula, rhomboid, serratus anterior, and pectoralis minor

Question 13

What are the posterior muscles of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 13

Trapezius, levator scapula, serratus anterior

Question 14

What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 14

Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior

Question 15

What happens during scapular upward roation?

Answer 15

The spine of scapula becomes more perpendicular

Question 16

What are the bones that make up the shoulder girdle/joint?

Answer 16

Scapula, clavicle, sternum

Question 17

What is the function of the acromioclavicular ligament?

Answer 17

Connects lateral end of the clavicle to the acromion of scapula, plane synovial joint

Question 18

What is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament?

Answer 18

Connect superior surface of coracoid process to inferior lateral end of clavicle, limits posterior motion and rotation of scapula

Question 19

What is the function of the coracohumeral ligament?

Answer 19

Attaches to dorsal lateral side of coracoid process and greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus, reinforces superior portion of joint capsule

Question 20

What is the function of glenohumeral ligament?

Answer 20

Reinforces anterior portion of capsule

Question 21

What are the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff?

Answer 21

Subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor, and supraspinatus

Question 22

What is the difference between a humeral head fracture and a humeral neck fracture?

Answer 22

Neck fracture is often caused by a fall on an outstretched arm and a mid humeral fracture is often caused by a direct blow or twisting force.

Question 23

What fracture causes worry about radial nerve injury?

Answer 23

Mid-humeral fracture