Exam 2

Question 1

Augustus

Answer 1

Augustus(Octavian) reinstitutes an army.
First emperor of ancient Rome
Creates an elite group in the military know as the Praetorian Guard, which are there to protect the emperor and are the leader of the cavalry.

Question 2

Nerva

Answer 2

One of the five good emperors, believed the most effective way to maintain peace is with a strong military.

Question 3

Marcus Auerlius

Answer 3

Was apart of the 5 good emperors.
Was a stoic-“Meditations”
He chose his own son because they failed to choose someone else, this ended the Pax Romana(5 good emperors)

Question 4

Commodous

Answer 4

The son of Marcus Aurelius
Known as a megalomaniac-to have an inflated sense of self.
Changes the name of the “city of Rome” to the “City of Commodous”
Believed he was the living carnation of Hercules
Was put to death by the Praetorian Guard

Question 5

Pax Romana

Answer 5

Peace, Happines
Rule of the 5 good emperors
Time in Rome with the highest prosperity

Question 6

Diocletian

Answer 6

Western Rome
City of Rome
Known as a tetrarchy(government by 4 men) consisted of 2 Caesars and 2 Augustus
Falls in 476 AD due to Germanic invasions

Question 7

Constantine

Answer 7

Eastern Rome
Army increased to 500,000 soldiers
Had curiares(taxes payed based on income)

Question 8

Edict of Milan

Answer 8

Toleration of Christianity

Question 8

Flavian Dynasty

Answer 8

Ruled by Vespasian, then Titan, then Domitian
A military dynasty
First non aristocrats to rule
Ends because they had no sons

Question 9

Odoacer

Answer 9

The Germanic King following the fall of Western Rome

Question 10

Tetrarchy

Answer 10

Government by 4 men
2 Augustus and 2 Ceasers

Question 10

Sadducees

Answer 10

Upper class Jews
Served Rome
Most literal in Rome
Lived cooperatively within Rome

Question 11

Essenes

Answer 11

Monastic Community
Jesus was an Essenes
isolated themselves to focus on faith

Question 12

Zealots

Answer 12

Believed in the violent overthrow of the Roman Empire due to divide between church and Rome

Question 13

Pharisees

Answer 13

Modern day Judaism comes from their traditions

Question 14

Humanism

Answer 14

an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters

Question 15

St. Paul of Tarsus

Answer 15

Was a hellenized Jew(accepting of Roman traditions)
Known as the second founder of Christianity
“Oikumene” - credited for this religion
Started to see the spark of Christianity

Question 16

St. Benedict

Answer 16

Was the first to establish Monestary(buildings occupied by Monks)
Was in a monestary

Question 17

St. Augustine

Answer 17

Made “confessions” and “City of God”(Both are books)

Question 18

St. Jerome

Answer 18

“Vulgate”(common) version of the bible
Translated the bible to common language

Question 19

City of God

Answer 19

Was a book warning to Christians that they must continue their faith even through the falling of Rome

Question 20

Arius

Answer 20

A Christian Priest
Believes he is teaching Christianity to other people
Believes god is divine, believes Jesus was a man
Believed only god was divine
People thought of him as a heretic(anyone who does not follow the official teachings of the church)
Was put to death for being a heretic

Question 21

Byzantine

Answer 21

Old eastern part of Roman Empire
Christian, Greek Language, Greek Culture

Question 22

Justinian

Answer 22

Inherits rule from his father
Codify Law(Creates a solid usable body of law)
Builds churches
Build the Hagia Sophia(Big church)

Question 22

Theodora

Answer 22

The wife of Theodora Called in the military during the Nika Riots to slaughter 35000 people who were against the emperor

Question 23

Nika Riots

Answer 23

2 teams in charriot races, the green team and blue team, pro emperor vs anti emperor Crowd becomes very anti emperor and Theodora calls in military to slaughter 35000 people against the emperor

Question 24

Hagia Sophia

Answer 24

The brilliant Church Built under Justinians rule

Question 25

Corpus Juris Civilis

Answer 25

Civil law

Question 26

Mohammed

Answer 26

Born in Mecca Left Mecca and went to dessert and received a message, the birth of Islam The "Jesus" of Islam Dies in 632

Question 27

Five Pillars of Faith

Answer 27

1.Profession-Public confession of what you believe in 2.Prayer-Pray 5 times a day 3.Almsgiving-A donation of the best of your ability 4.Fasting During Ramadan- From sunrise to sundown 5.Pilgrimage to Mecca- Visit Mecca once a year

Question 28

Hegira

Answer 28

When Muhammed left Medina

Question 29

Koran

Answer 29

Quran The Islamic sacred book

Question 30

Hadith

Answer 30

Stories of Muhammed's life

Question 30

Mecca

Answer 30

City where Muhammed was born City is similar to NYC

Question 31

Medina

Answer 31

A holy city to Islam

Question 32

Missi Dominici

Answer 32

Royal Messengers Delivered edicts(important messages)

Question 33

Charlemagne

Answer 33

New king after Clovis King of the Franks Frankish kingdom diminished in power Start to see the futile system(collection of taxes) Christians

Question 34

Carolingian renaissance

Answer 34

Teaching people to be literate so they can follow the bible and the church

Question 35

Treaty of Verdum

Answer 35

After Charlemagnes death 3 sons split the rule

Question 36

Peace of God

Answer 36

Issued by the king You cannot fight an unarmed person Limit where you can fight Limit the days you can fight(cannot fight on holy days)

Question 37

Agricultural Improvements

Answer 37

Go from a 2 crop to a 3 crop rotation Switch to using horses Wind and water mills Used heavy power

Question 38

Domesday Book

Answer 38

Similar to the modern day census poll Helps give the king an idea of what he was ruling

Question 39

Magna Carta

Answer 39

People did not want a powerful king so the government created the Magna Carter The king is not above the law, he is apart of the law Forced by his nobles to sign it

Question 40

Eleanor of Aquitaine

Answer 40

A Frankish queen Frankish king asks for her troops, she joins the second crusade with her troops They lose the second crusade, from this point on no women are ever allowed to fight again

Question 41

Louise IX

Answer 41

Creates a central government Creates the parliement(refers to a judicial body)

Question 42

Concordat of Worms

Answer 42

Agreement between church and state that says the church appoints the church, the king is apart of the ceremony

Question 43

Inquisition

Answer 43

Anyone person who is a heretic, would be put in a case by the inquisition Goal was to get people to follow the teachings of the church

Question 44

Invesiture Controversy

Answer 44

Who appoints bishop? State or church? King is becoming more powerful, but the church wants to hold onto some of that power

Question 45

Children's Crusade

Answer 45

Two children here a calling from "Jesus" goes out for this call. They are taken by Hugo the Pig and William the Iron, sold to slavery/kidnapped

Question 46

William the Pig/Hugo the Iron

Answer 46

Took Nicholas and Steven to sell into slavery, died on the ship on the way to sell them

Question 47

Catharism

Answer 47

Belief in conflicting forces