Exam 2 Flashcards
(33 cards)
The ________ capture(s) the incoming chemical signal while the ________ release(s) the chemical signal.
A. terminal buttons; dendrites
B. dendrites; terminal buttons
C. cell body; axon
D. axon; cell body
dendrites; terminal buttons
Our body’s neural system is built from billions of nerve cells, also called:
A. neurotransmitters.
B. neurons.
C. axons.
D. genomes
neurons
Interneurons communicate:
A. within local or short distance circuits.
B. directly on muscles.
C. directly on sensory organs.
D. with glial cells
within local or short distance circuits
Occasionally, Jon will fall asleep while working with a customer. Jon is experiencing which sleep disorder?
A. sleep apnea
B. insomnia
C. narcolepsy
D. paradoxical sleep
narcolepsy
Which of the following brain areas is responsible for secreting melatonin?
A. pineal gland
B. suprachiasmic nuclei
C. reticular formation
D. substantia nigra
pineal gland
What are the branchlike appendages that detect chemical signals from other neurons?
A. axons
B. synapses
C. cell bodies
D. dendrites
dendrites
The two types of ions that control neuron firing are:
A. nitrogen and calcium.
B. calcium and sodium.
C. sodium and potassium.
D. potassium and magnesium
sodium and potassium
In the nervous system, cells called ________ receive, integrate, and transmit information.
A. axons
B. neurons
C. dendrites
D. glial cells
neurons
Genotype refers to the:
A. genetic information carried by a cell.
B. physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed.
C. results of a genetic mutation.
D. probability of a gene being expressed
genetic information carried by a cell
________ are composed of ________, which in turn are made of ________.
A. Chromosomes; DNA; genes
B. Chromosomes; genes; DNA
C. Genes; DNA; chromosomes
D. Genes; chromosomes; DNA
Chromosomes; genes; DNA
Like methamphetamine, ________ increases the concentration of dopamine in the synapse.
A. cocaine
B. alcohol
C. MDMA
D. heroin
cocaine
Consciousness is necessary for each of the following EXCEPT:
A. complex actions.
B. higher-level thinking.
C. automatic processing.
D. communicating with others
automatic processing
According to research on hypnosis, what is the most important factor for hypnosis to work?
A. the ability of the hypnotist
B. the suggestibility of the individual who is to be hypnotized
C. the expectations of the audience
D. the intelligence of the individual who is to be hypnotized
the suggestibility of the individual who is to be hypnotized
Tetrahydrocannabinol is the psychoactive chemical in which drug?
A. marijuana
B. MDMA
C. tetracycline
D. crack cocaine
marijuana
Drugs that block the effects of neurotransmitters by occupying their receptor sites are called:
A. antagonists.
B. agonists.
C. acetylcholines.
D. selective inhibitors
antagonists
Cocaine causes the neurotransmitter dopamine to remain at the site of the synapse longer than it normally
would; cocaine thus inhibits the process termed:
A. recycling.
B. reabsorption.
C. reuse.
D. reuptake
reuptake
The extensions of a neuron that receive messages from other neurons are the:
A. nerves.
B. cell body.
C. dendrites.
D. axon terminal buttons
dendrites
The compulsive use of a drug despite negative consequences is referred to as:
A. tolerance.
B. withdrawal.
C. addiction.
D. dependence
addiction
A mind-altering substance that changes the brain’s neurochemistry by activating neurotransmitter receptors is
called a:
A. neuromodulator.
B. neurotoxin.
C. psychoactive drug.
D. psychoendorphin
psychoactive drug
The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.
A. sensory
B. peripheral
C. somatic
D. central
central
Axons:
A. transmit nerve impulses to terminal buttons and vary in length.
B. are always bundled with other axons to form nerves and are individually very short in
length.
C. vary in length depending on whether they send or receive information.
D. are uniform in size throughout the body though capable of serving different functions.
transmit nerve impulses to terminal buttons and vary in length
This brain structure is associated with the formation of memories.
A. thalamus
B. amygdala
C. hippocampus
D. hypothalamus
hippocampus
Phenotype refers to the:
A. genetic information carried by a cell.
B. physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed.
C. results of a genetic mutation.
D. probability of a gene being expressed
physical or behavioral characteristics actually expressed
How do neurons communicate?
A. Terminal buttons plug into receptor sites on adjacent dendrites.
B. Neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite.
C. Electric signals jump across the synapse to the adjacent neuron.
D. Chemicals released into the synapse are converted to neurotransmitters that bind with
receptors
Neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite
