exam 2

Question 1

Nematode

Answer 1

Roundworm

Question 2

Anaisakis simplex

Answer 2

Anisakiasis
In raw & undercooked fish
transmitted via larvae in muscle

Question 3

Symptoms: tingling in the throat, coughing up worms

Answer 3

Anisakiasis

Question 4

Cryptosporidium parvum

Answer 4

Cryptosporidiosis
In contaminated water & produce
transmitted via oocysts(egg) in feces

Question 5

Symptoms: Watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, weight loss

Answer 5

Cryptosporidiosis

Question 6

Cause of the largest waterborne outbreak in the U.S.
400,000 people affected

Answer 6

Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 7

Parasite that is resistant to chlorination, must be removed by microscopic filters

Answer 7

Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 8

Giardia duodenalis

Answer 8

Giardiasis
In improperly treated water
Transmitted via oocysts in feces

Question 9

Symptoms: loose stool, abdominal cramps, nausea

Answer 9

Giardiasis

Question 10

Parasite in humans & animals, found in freshwater

Answer 10

Giardia duodenalis

Question 11

Trophozoites

Answer 11

vegetative (not infective), reproducing form of Giardia

Question 12

Backpacker’s nemesis

Answer 12

Giardia can be found in freshwater (streams & lakes)

Question 13

Cyclospora caytanensis

Answer 13

Cyclosporiasis
In improperly treated water, produce (berries, lettuce, & basil)
Transmitted via oocysts in feces

Question 14

Symptoms: mild fever, nausea, diarrhea& constipation, abdominal cramps, weight loss, poor appetite

Answer 14

Cyclosporiasis

Question 15

Scombroid Poisoning

Answer 15

Scombrotoxin (Histamine) produced by the bacteria Proteus
from the amino acid histidine

Question 16

Histamine

Answer 16

Transmitted through finfish

Question 17

Symptoms: reddening of face & neck, sweating, headache, burning or tingling sensation around mouth & throat

Answer 17

Histamine

Question 18

Ciguatera Poisoning

Answer 18

Ciguatoxin produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus (a harmful algae)

Question 19

Ciguatoxin

Answer 19

Transmitted through predatory fish

Question 20

Symptoms: reversal of hot & cold sensations, nausea, vomiting, tingling in fingers, lips, or toes, joint & muscle pain

Answer 20

Ciguatoxin

Question 21

Gambierdiscus toxicus

Answer 21

grows on the surfaces of aquatic plants & dead coral

Question 22

Clostridium perfringens Gastroenteritis

Answer 22

Bacteria: Clostridium perfringens
Associated: meat & poultry
grows on high protein

Question 23

Symptoms: explosive diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, fever & vomiting absent

Answer 23

Clostridium perfringens Gastroenteritis

Question 24

Rods, spore former
Obligate anaerobe
Habitat: soil, air, water, GI tract
Produces exotoxins that are enterotoxins

Answer 24

Clostridium perfringens

Question 25

Saxitoxin Habitat: colder waters of the Pacific, and New England coast Foods: clams, mussels, oysters, scallops

Answer 25

Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP)

Question 26

Shellfish Toxins

Answer 26

Found in shellfish but the toxins are produced by harmful algae

Question 27

Symptoms: numbness, tingling of mouth, face, arms, legs, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Answer 27

Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP)

Question 28

Brevetoxin Habitat: Warmer waters of Gulf & Caribbean Foods: clams, mussels, oysters

Answer 28

Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP)

Question 29

Symptoms: tingling & numbness of lips, throat, etc., dizziness, reversal of hot & cold sensations, vomiting, diarrhea

Answer 29

Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP)

Question 30

HAB

Answer 30

Harmful algal bloom

Question 31

Domoic Acid Habitat: Water of Pacific NW, & E. of Canada Food: clams, mussels, oysters, scallops

Answer 31

Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP)

Question 32

Symptoms: initially vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, later on, confusion, memory loss, disorientation, seizure, coma

Answer 32

Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning

Question 33

Puffer Fish

Answer 33

Contains tetrodotoxin, a potent neurotoxin. Found in skin, liver, heart & gonads

Question 34

Symptoms: Paraesthesia, dizziness, respiratory failure, tremors & paralysis, convulsions, death

Answer 34

Fugo Poisoning

Question 35

Mold can produce toxins called

Answer 35

Mycotoxins

Question 36

Can spoil foods rapidly, may produce a smell or taste of alcohol as it spoils food, may appear pink in discoloration or smell & may bubble

Answer 36

Yeast

Question 37

Death cap

Answer 37

contains a fatal toxin

Question 38

Present in certain varieties of wild mushrooms, can cause severe illness, are not destroyed by cooking or freezing

Answer 38

Amatoxins

Question 39

Toxic Metals

Answer 39

Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Brass

Question 40

Corrosion Resistant Material (CRM)

Answer 40

Any material that maintains its original surface characteristics under prolonged exposure to heat, cold and chemicals