Exam 2 Flashcards
(89 cards)
1
Q
H
A
Hydrogen
2
Q
He
A
Helium
3
Q
Li
A
Lithium
4
Q
Be
A
Beryllium
5
Q
B
A
Boron
6
Q
C
A
Carbon
7
Q
N
A
Nitrogen
8
Q
O
A
Oxygen
9
Q
F
A
Fluorine
10
Q
Ne
A
Neon
11
Q
Na
A
Sodium
12
Q
Mg
A
Magnesium
13
Q
Al
A
Alumium
14
Q
Si
A
Silicon
15
Q
P
A
Phosphorus
16
Q
Cl
A
Chlorine
17
Q
Ar
A
Argon
18
Q
K
A
Potassium
19
Q
Ca
A
Calcium
20
Q
Sc
A
Scandium
21
Q
Ti
A
Titanium
22
Q
V
A
Vanadium
23
Q
Cr
A
Chromium
24
Q
Mn
A
Manganese
25
Fe
Iron
26
Co
Colbalt
27
Ni
Nickel
28
Cu
Copper
29
Zn
Zinc
30
Ga
Gallium
31
Ge
Germanium
32
As
Arsenic
33
Se
Selenium
34
Br
Bromine
35
Kr
Krypton
36
Atomic Size
Energy Decreases H-He
Energy Increases H-K
37
Ionization Energy
Energy Increase H-He
Energy Decreases H-K
38
Metallic Character
Energy Decreases H-He
Energy Increases H-K
39
Non-polar covalent
0-0.4
40
Polar covalent from
0.5-1.8
41
Ionic bonds
1.9 and up.
42
Hydroxide
OH¯
43
Ammonium
NH₄⁺
44
Nitrate
NO_3-
45
Nitrite
NO_2-
46
Perchlorate
ClO_4–
47
Chlorate
ClO_3-
48
Chlorite
ClO_2-
49
Hypochlorite
ClO^-
49
Carbonate
CO_3^2-
50
Hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)
HCO_3-
51
Cyanide
CN^-
52
Sulfate
SO_4^2-
53
Acetate
C_2H_3O_2^-
54
Hydrogen Sulfate (Bisulfate)
HSO_3^-
55
Sulfite
SO_3^2-
56
Hydrogen Sulfite (Bisulfite)
HSO_3^-
57
Phosphate
PO_4^3-
58
Hydrogen Phosphate
HPO_4^2-
59
Dihydrogen Phosphate
H_2PO_4^-
60
Phosphite
PO_3^3-
61
Isotope
An atom that differs only in mass number from another atom of the same element. Isotopes have the same atomic number (number of protons), but different numbers of neutrons.
62
Radioisotope
A radioactive atom of an element.
63
What protects you from alpha particles
A piece of paper, clothing, and our skin are protection against alpha particles
64
How far do beta particles travel
They can pass through paper and penetrate as far as 4 to 5 mm into body tissue.
65
How far do gamma rays travel and what protects you from them.
Gamma rays travel great distances through the air and pass through many materials, including body tissues. Because gamma rays penetrate so deeply, exposure to gamma rays can be extremely hazardous. Only very dense shielding, such as lead or concrete, will stop them.
66
Why do metals donate electron to form positively charged species?
Because metals are very electropositive, and their outer electrons are very loosely bundled on them
67
What is a cation
A positively charged ion of a metal
68
What is an anion
A negatively charged ion
69
What is the octet rule
The tendency of atoms to attain a stable electron configuration and provides a key to our understanding of the ways in which atom bonds and form compounds.
70
Lethal dose (LD50) values are determined by the amount of a substance that:
kills at least 50% of the test population exposed to the substance
71
Formed the basis of modern atomic theory stating that all matter consists of atoms
Dalton
72
Arranged the elements in a table according to their size and properties
Mendeleev
73
Helped determine that the center of an atom has a dense positively charged nucleus
Rutherford
74
Determined the charge of an electron
Milliken
75
The charges of Cr
2+ and 3+
76
The charges of Mn
2+ and 3+
77
The charges of Fe
2+ and 3+
78
The charges of Co
2+ and 3+
79
The charges of Ni
2+ and 3+
80
The charges of Cu
+ and 2+
81
The charges of Ag
+
82
The charges of Au
+ and 3+
83
The charges of Zn
2+
84
The charges of Cd
2+
85
The charges of Hg
2+
86
The charges of Sn
2+ and 4+
87
The charges of Pb
2+ and 4+
88
The charges of Bi
3+ and 5+
