Exam 2 Flashcards by Julie Venegas

What standard of proof is required for a stop & frisk?

Mere suspicion
Reasonable, article suspicion
Probable cause
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Reasonable, article suspicion

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Which SCOTUS case set the ground rules for stop & frisks?

Miranda v Arizona
Terry v Ohio
Mapp v Ohio
Gideon v Wainwright

Terry v Ohio

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What standard of proof is required for the issuance of a search warrant?

Mere suspicion
Reasonable, article suspicion
Probable cause
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Probable cause

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What standard of proof is required for an arrest without a warrant?

Mere suspicion
Reasonable, article suspicion
Probable cause
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Probable cause

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What standard of proof is required for an arrest warrant?

Mere suspicion
Reasonable, article suspicion
Probable cause
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt

Probable cause

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Which constitutional amendment protects your rights to free speech?

I
IV
V
VI

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An individual who gives consent to search his car may not withdraw that consent?

True or False

False

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Which constitutional amendment requires that government searches be reasonable?

I
IV
V
VI

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All searches without a warrant are presumed to be invalid?

True
False

True

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Open fields begin where the cartilage ends.
True
False

True

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Police subculture refers to the ______.
secret societies police officers often establish
traditions, skills, and attitudes unique to policing
camaraderie of police officers outside of work
tendency for police officers to be arrested for domestic violence

Traditions, skills, and attitudes unique to policing

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Which statement is true of the majority of recruits in training academies?
They graduated from college.
They are female.
They are white.
They are over 25.

They are white

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A police officer with which level of education would likely have the greatest ability to make judicious decisions?
high school diploma
one year community college
on-the-job training
four-year college degree

Four year college degree

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Compared to a college graduate, a non-college graduate police officer is more likely to do which of the following?
pass the lieutenant’s exam
hit another car
be selected for the gang taskforce
go on vacation

Hit another car

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What is the purpose of the field training officer (FTO) program?
It allows new officers to transition into police work under the close supervision of a veteran officer.
It creates a support group for officers tasked with training new recruits.
It is a program that teaches veteran officers how to supervise and train new recruits.
It is an expanded ride-along program in which recruits act mostly as observers.

It allows new officers to transition into police work under the close supervision of a veteran officer.

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Contrary to the image portrayed in the media, a New York Times study revealed police officers spend more time on ______ than working serious violent crime.
crime scene investigation
community engagement
proactive policing
training new recruit

Proactive policing

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What was the purpose of the Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment?
to determine if random patrol had a measurable effect on crime
to determine what patrol officers do while on duty
to measure response times for officer calls for service
to measure citizen approval of patrol officers

to determine if random patrol had a measurable effect on crime

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Officers in which style of policing take a harsh view of law violators, make no exceptions in writing citations, and make many arrests?
watchman
preventer
legalistic
service

Legalistic

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In 2021, over half of all law enforcement killed in the line of duty had deaths related to ______.
Black Lives Matter protests
officer involved shootings
COVID-19
mask mandates

COVID-19

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Which of the following is the greatest source of stress from the criminal justice system?
recidivists
prison overcrowding
courts
plea bargaining

Courts

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Bureaucracy, authoritarian management, and lack of input are all part of which category of police stressors?
organizational and administrative practices
the public
the criminal justice system
stressors intrinsic to police work

Organizational and administrative

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Domestic violence calls that cause officers to physically confront people are categorized as stressors that are ______.
caused by the public
intrinsic to police work
due to the criminal justice system
based on administrative practices

Intrinsic to police work

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Compared to white, male officers, officers who are female or members of a marginalized group have fewer ______.
citizen complaints
community interactions
court appearances
career options

Career options

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Which of the following would be considered stress caused by the public?
A police officer does not agree with the strict policies of his department.
A police officer is yelled at by citizens while intervening in a domestic dispute.
A police officer engages in a physical altercation during a felony in progress.
A police officer is pressured to write more tickets.

A police officer is yelled at by citizens while intervening in a domestic dispute.

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The type of law that is found in statutes and opinions of appellate courts would be considered ______. formality reality procedural actus reus

Formality

Who of the following would likely have the most discretion? a police chief with 25 years of policing experience a deputy with 15 years of experience a sheriff with 10 years of experience a patrol officer with 4 years of experience

A patrol officer with 4 years of experience

During which era of policing did police try to design a customized response for any issue? political reform reactive problem solving

Problem solving

What does the problem analysis triangle do for officers? suggests ways to separate people who offend and victims identifies appropriate solutions to crime identifies motives of people who offend suggests areas of crime needing more information

Suggests area of crime needing more information

Which of the following is an example of information on corpus delicti? a witness a can of gas a broken window fingerprints

A broken window

In which stage of investigation are all investigative efforts directed toward proving one person or one group of people are guilty of a crime? preliminary investigation continuing investigation reconstructing the crime focusing the investigation

Focusing the investigation

Which of the following questions would be asked as part of an interrogation? What is your name? Where do you work? Why did you do it? Where do you live?

Why did you do it

Which of the following describes “touch” DNA evidence? saliva swabbed from inside the mouth hair extracted from carpet or clothing fibers traces of blood left at a crime scene skin cells left on an item or object

Skin cells left on an item or object

Which of the following is an example of a police crime prevention measure? interviewing witnesses random neighborhood patrol death notification wellness checks

Random neighborhood patrol

Which of the following is true of a cold case? It can only be solved by DNA. It still interests the original investigators. It is more than a year old. It has no living witnesses.

It is more than a year old

What style of police officer is most likely to break up a group of teenagers smoking on a street corner and give them a lecture about the dangers of smoking and drugs? watchman legalistic service reactive

Service

Which of the basic tasks of policing would include looking out for a nursing home resident who has gone missing? enforcing the law performing welfare tasks preventing crime protecting the innocent

Performing welfare tasks

Which of the following was used to measure the effectiveness of the Kansas City Preventative Patrol experiment? police surveys prison records citizen interviews ticket revenue

Citizen interviews

Which of the following activities is an example of proactive policing? neighborhood foot patrol responding to calls for service interviewing people making arrests

Neighborhood foot patrol

During which stage of an investigation might an officer bring a person in to take a polygraph test? preliminary investigation continuing investigation reconstructing the crime focusing the investigation

continuing investigation

Police officers have highly structured work assignments in which they are generally closely supervised. True False

False

As a result of the findings of the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment, police agencies realized that eliminating routine patrolling did not result in an increase in crime. True False

True

One of the criticisms of police discretion is that it makes it difficult for officers to appear impartial, and it could be a catalyst for corruption. True False

True

Since police officers interact with a wide variety of individuals, they have realistic ideas about citizens. True False

False

The introductory phase of training for police officers requires recruits to learn agency policies and local laws. True False

True

The watchman style of policing casts the officer as a solider. True False

False

In early England, the sheriff was responsible for which of the following tasks? maintaining law and order in the tithings presiding over court proceedings of civil disputes collecting taxes and serving as magistrate conducting preliminary hearings and determining cause of death

maintaining law and order in the tithings

In which of the following area would a sheriff be most likely to be the primary source of crime control? New York City, NY Eureka Springs, AR Los Angeles, CA Dallas, TX

Dallas, tx

Being ______ was a requirement for becoming a justice of the peace during the political era. younger than 37 a land owner 100 percent copper from an original colony

A land owner

The selection process of police officers during the political era encouraged selection based on the candidate’s ______. education experience desire to serve the community relationship with the alderman

Relationship with the alderman

Why did some police departments in the reform era prohibit officers from residing in neighborhoods where they patrolled? to isolate officers from potential political influences to make officers more familiar with the entire municipality to expand the “rolling fortress” of police protection to enhance the “thin blue line” of police protection

to isolate officers from potential political influences

Which of the following departments was created as a response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001? Homeland Security Justice Interior Agriculture

Homeland security

Which federal agency is responsible for the investigation of counterfeiting, financial institution fraud, and computer-based attacks on the financial infrastructure of the United States? Secret Service U.S. Customs and Border Protection Federal Deposit Insurance Agency Federal Bureau of Investigation

Secret service

When compared to highway patrol, state police organizations typically perform ______. tasks that are broader in scope tasks that are narrowing in scope more traffic-related tasks more roadway emergency tasks

tasks that are broader in scope

A special-purpose state agency would be most likely to investigate ______. criminal cases highway accidents civil cases unlawful alcohol distribution

unlawful alcohol distribution

Agents that are trained to enforce the fish and game laws in a particular state would be considered part of which group? special-purpose state agency state department of public safety state highway patrol state bureau of investigation

Special purpose state agency

Which of the following describes private security firms hired by a company to provide security services for a fee? contract services proprietary services security guards security consultants

Contract services

Which of the following is true of private security personnel? They are not bound by Miranda provisions regarding people’s rights as sworn police officers. They have the same arrest authority as sworn police officers. They attend the same academies and have the same training as sworn police officers. They are not bound by use of force policies like sworn police officers.

They are not bound by Miranda provisions regarding people’s rights as sworn police officers.

Which of the following is true about private security and private police personnel? Private security officers are less likely to use excessive force than public police officers. Private security officers are not legally allowed to carry firearms while on duty. Private security officers often receive little training compared to public police officers. Private security officers undergo extensive criminal background checks.

Private security officers often receive little training compared to public police officers.

Which of the following agencies would be responsible for investigating a collision between a car and a tractor trailer on the highway? State Bureau of Investigation municipal police department sheriff’s department State Highway Patrol

State highway patrol

In which of these cases could a private citizen initiate a citizen’s arrest? A man suspects his neighbor has been selling drugs. A man tackles a thief who snatched a woman’s purse. A man learns he has been the victim of a fraud. A man’s car is rear ended.

A man tackles a thief who snatched a woman’s purse.

Which of the following is most likely to be an outcome of a coroner’s inquest? The victim precipitated the crime. The defendant will be granted bail. The cause of death was homicide. The defense attorney will recuse himself.

The cause of death was homicide.

The community era of policing implemented research findings that found traditional methods of policing were ineffective, such as reducing response times and increased calls for service. True False

True

Among the duties of the U.S. Secret Service is to investigate counterfeiting and other financial crimes, such as financial institution fraud, computer fraud, and identify theft. True False

True

State public safety agencies tend to perform general police functions such as highway patrol, traffic control, and crash investigations. True False

False

A retail store hires several individuals to be part of their security department. This is an example of proprietary private police security. True False

False

When compared with municipal police departments, members serving as part of the sheriff’s department are more likely to wear body armor. True False

False

Exam 2 Flashcards

(66 cards)