Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych Exam 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(58 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the predisposing factors for intellectual developmental disorder?

A

Advanced maternal age, premature birth, certain infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is autism spectrum disorder? Does it occur more often in females or males? What is the typical age of onset? How many functional levels of ASD are there?

A
  • a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive, restricted, and inflexible patterns of behavior, interests, and activities, as well as difficulties in social interaction and social communication.
  • Occurs more often in males than females
  • Early childhood onset
  • Three functional levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nursing interventions for the child with ASD are aimed at what?

A

Making sure they feel safe and comfortable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What 2 medications are FDA approved for children with ASD? What specific symptoms does medication target? Be familiar with side effects of both medications.

A

Risperidone: Aggression, Irritability, Self-Harm (Can cause weight gain)
Aripiprazole: Irritability, Hyperactivity, Repetitive Behaviors (Can cause weight gain and sedation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are classic characteristics of conduct disorder?

A

Mimics ODD except hurt others and animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are common comorbid conditions often associated with oppositional defiant disorder?

A

Anxiety, Depression, ADHD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

DSM-5 criteria: Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa & Binge Eating Disorder

A

At least 1/week for 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Know the different purging methods associated with eating disorders

A

Vomiting, Laxative use, Excessive exercise, Diuretics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Know the difference between anorexia nervosa binging/purging & bulimia

A

If you have a BMI that is less than normal = Anorexia

If your BMI is in range or above range = Bulimia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Know the value of a normal BMI

A

18.5-24.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Be familiar with what labs to monitor with eating disorders

A

Electrolytes K+, CBC,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Be familiar with both psychopharmacology & non-pharmacology treatment options

A

Therapy is first line treatment (Can be problematic if causing weight gain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Be familiar with non-pharmacologic treatment options for eating disorders

A

Psychotherapy to treat underlying conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are common assessment findings for each eating disorder i.e. head to toe assessment such as dental decay in bulimia

A

Russell’s sign: Calluses on back of hand from induced vomiting (Bulimia)
Dental decay
mallory weiss tear: GI bleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the definition of personality?

A

Made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does a personality become a disorder?

A

interfere with day-to-day functioning, rigidly pervasive, inflexible, and maladaptive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the three different clusters in which personality disorders are grouped?

A

a.) Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal
b.) Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic
c.) Avoidant, dependent, Obsessive compulsive Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the largest psychosocial influence/risk factor for one developing a personality disorder

A

History of Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Be familiar with the term “splitting” and its significance as a defense mechanism with those with Borderline Personality Disorder

A

Splitting: refers to an individual’s tendency to view people, situations, or themselves, in extreme black and white terms, such as all good or all bad.

Why is it important: The client may try to pit you against your colleagues.

Where do we see splitting: Borderline personality Disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When does anxiety become a disorder vs experiencing normal day-to-day anxiety?

A

When it impacts day-to-day function occurring for 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What part of the autonomic nervous system is stimulated in severe anxiety?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some examples of acute vs chronic stress?

A

Acute: Motor vehicle accident, Chronic: ACEs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Be familiar with symptoms associated with a panic attack

A

Sympathetic overdrive: Rapid heart rate, diaphoresis, chest pain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is your role as a Nurse when caring for a pt experiencing a panic attack

Study These Flashcards
A

Be present, calm approach

25
What is an obsession? What is a compulsion?
Obsession: Recurrent, persistent, intrusive thoughts that cannot be ignored (germs, unsafe, something bad will happen, mental rituals) THOUGHT Compulsion: Actions to reduce anxiety from obsessions - Impact daily life (Cleaning, checking, repeating, arranging) BEHAVIOR
26
What are some of the most common obsessions seen in OCD?
germs, unsafe, something bad will happen, mental rituals)
27
What are first-line medication options for the treatment of anxiety, panic disorders, and OCD?
Antidepressants (sertraline/zoloft)/anxiolytics
28
What is the main difference between somatic symptom disorder & illness anxiety disorder?
Somatic: You actually have true symptoms Illness anxiety: Symptoms are absent or mild at best
29
What is the differentiating symptom that makes functional neurological disorder (conversion disorder) different from somatic symptom disorder?
Neurological
30
What is the first-line treatment recommendation for somatic symptom disorder?
Therapy - Talk to somebody
31
What is malingering? What is often the driving motivator for this behavior?
- intentionally faking an illness or disability to gain a specific benefit, such as avoiding work or responsibilities, or obtaining financial compensation - Getting some sort of secondary gain (Avoiding experience, monetary gain)
32
What is factitious disorder? What does “by proxy” mean?
- Falsifying symtoms in order to experience the "Sick role" - Also known as munchausen's - By proxy means you are imposing it on someone else often a child
33
Be familiar with DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for PTSD
Exposure: Directly exposed to trauma, eyewitness of trauma, learning of exposure to trauma of family member or close friend, Repeated exposure to details about trauma ≥ 1 intrusion symptom: Recurrent distressing memory, Recurrent distressing dreams, Flashbacks, Psychological or physiological response to stress ≥ 1 avoidance symptoms: Avoid distressing internal memories (thoughts, memories, feelings), Avoid distressing external memories (People, Place, Activity) ≥ 2 negative cognition/mood symptoms: Amnesia, Persistent negative beliefs, Persistent distorted memories about trauma, Persistent negative emotional state, Loss of interest in activities, detached feelings from others, Persistent loss of positive emotions ≥ 2 hyperarousal: Irritability/Angry outbursts, Reckless/Self destructive behavior, Hypervigilance, Exaggerated startle, Concentration problems, Sleep disturbance ≥ 1 month Clinically significant distress Not attributable to any other disease
34
What is the minimum duration of symptoms that need to be present prior to the diagnosis of PTSD?
At least 1 month of symptoms
35
Be familiar with acute stress disorder vs PTSD
ASD Symptoms last between 3 days and 1 month Typically caused by recent traumatic event Treatment focuses on managing symptoms during acute phase PTSD Symptoms persist beyond 1 month Can develop after exposure to trauma months or even years after Treatment often involves more long term therapeutic interventions
36
Know the symptoms related to PTSD
Psychological: Nightmares, Flashbacks, Intrusive thoughts Behavioral: Avoid certain situations, Hypervigilant, Hyperarousal, Trouble sleeping, Irritability, angry outbursts
37
What is the primary difference between Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD?
Length of time: ASD symptoms are 3 days - 1 month, PTSD: Symptoms longer than 1 month
38
Be familiar with the risk factors associated with PTSD
Post trauma: Negative thoughts about self and world, Poor coping strategies, Ongoing life stress, Lack of social support
39
What is Trauma Informed Care?
Systems that aims to understand, recognize, and respond to the effects of trauma in a way that promotes healing and minimizes re-traumatization
40
What are non-pharmacologic treatment options for PTSD?
Psychotherapy EMDR (Desensitize) Group or Family therapy Hypnotherapy
41
What are the goals of care for trauma-related disorders
Ensure the client feels safe
42
What medication is FDA approved for the treatment of nightmares associated with PTSD? What patient education would you provide related to this medication (reference your drug guide)?
Prazosin (Provide education on hypotension)
43
What is dissociative identity disorder?
Displaying two or more separate personalities. May be drastically different from one another Caused by history of trauma (More commonly sexual abuse)
44
What is Dissociative amnesia? What is Dissociative Fugue?
significant inability to recall important personal information, typically related to traumatic or stressful events Common Dissociative Fugue - Traveling to a new location and forget who you are
45
What is the major predisposing factor to developing a dissociative disorder?
A history of trauma (Sexual trauma)
46
What is depersonalization vs derealization?
Depersonalization: Out of body experience, feeling detached from one's own body Derealization: Feel as if your environment is not real, Reality feels unreal
47
Know the difference between primary and secondary neurocognitive disorders.
Primary: Disease process directly affects the brain (Alzeime’s) Secondary: The brain is affected by another medical condition (Stroke, TBI)
48
What is delirium? Know typical onset, symptoms, and predisposing factors.
Abrupt change in the brain function that causes mental confusion and emotional disruption, in which the most important feature is impaired consciousness Changes occur quickly Inability to maintain attention and focus Symptoms fluctuate throughout the day
49
Know the difference between reversible vs irreversible neurocognitive disorders.
Reversible Neurocognitive Disorders Definition: These are cognitive impairments that can improve or even completely resolve if the underlying cause is treated Irreversible Neurocognitive Disorders Definition: These are progressive conditions where cognitive decline cannot be fully reversed and usually worsens over time.
50
Recognize the progression of Alzheimer’s.
"Mild → Moderate → Major Help" Mild → Early Stage: Minor memory slips, word-finding issues. Think: "I mildly forget small things." Moderate → Middle Stage: More confusion, harder daily tasks, personality changes. Think: "Moderate means I moderately struggle — I need some help." Major Help → Late Stage: Severe memory loss, no self-care ability. Think: "I need major help for everything."
51
Know the terms aphasia and apraxia.
Aphasia: communication disorder that affects a person's ability to express and understand language Apraxia: inability to perform learned or purposeful movements, despite having the understanding and physical ability to do so
52
Be familiar with different types of dementia
Alzheimer's Dementia: Short term memory loss Dementia with Lewy bodys: Visual hallucinations Frontotemporal dementia: Apathy, compulsive behavior, gradual language dysfunction Vascular dementia: Impaired executive function and complex attention
53
How does Lewy Body dementia differ in presentation compared to other dementia types?
Lewy body dementia presents with visual hallucinations, where as other dementias are more memory loss and lack of attention
54
Know the two classes of medications that are used to treat Alzheimer’s disease and how the medications work i.e. which neurotransmitters are affected and what stage of Alzheimer’s is each medication recommended i.e. mild, moderate or severe
Cholinesterase Inhibitors: (Donzepril) Treat mild to moderate Alzheimer Disease, Prevents breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain. May cause N/V, Diarrhea NMDA Antagonist: Used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's Disease, Regulates Glutamate action
55
What are common treatment modalities for personality disorders?
Psychotherapy CBT Meds
56
What are expected symptoms associated with autism
Impaired Communication, Sensory overload, Repetitive Behaviors -Think of John Weldon
57
What are the first line treatment options for ADHD? What are side effects that should be monitored?
Stimulant medications Anxiety/Jitteriness, Appetite suppression, Increase BP and HR
58
What are common comorbid conditions often associated with ADHD?
Anxiety, Depression, Bipolar, ODD, CD

Psych Exam 2 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions