Exam 2 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is an indie label
Any label lacking an affiliation with a major
What is a major label
Any label that is owned and or distributed by one of the major distribution companies
Who accounts for the vast majority of records released each year
Independent labels/artist
Who accounts for records sold
Major labels
How many records earn money back
Only 1 in 5
Why are ppl attracted to major labels
Prestige, wanted to be apart of big name, best producers musicians and studios, powerful promotion
Marketing advantage
Radio Promo-100,000 per single
Video product-50,000 to 500,000 per single
1million for single album release
Big 3
Universal
Sony
Warner
Which indie labels have been taken over by majors for millions
Arista
Gergen
Virgin
Island
Specialty labels
Classical folk blues ethnic jazz gospel
Focus on demographic
Know customers well
DIY labels
Artist release own records on their own
Release records of other artists they admire
Label Structure
CEO COO CFO
ARTIST & REPERTOIRE
Distribution and sales
What do ARTIST & REPERTOIRE (A&R) do
Finds new talent Tracks music scene Evaluate demos Read industry publications Goes to shows/clubs to hear music
What does RIAA
Recording industry association of America represents labels certified best selling records battles online piracy and CD counterfeiting
NARAS
National Academy of Recording Arts & science
“Recording academy” responsible for Gramm Awards
Role of producer
Depends on needs of a particular project
Bridge gap between commercial viability & artistic expression
Production deals prior to rock and roll
Record companies maintained a staff of full time house producers
Strong control over who was recorded and what material
Producer as a label employee
Record company sign producer as full time employee
Weekly salary, possibly royalties
Producers have little to say about what is recorded for the company
Independent producer (under label contract)
Independent contractor or Entrepreneur
Producer receives a portion of the recording advance and artist totality
Independent producer (under artist contract)
Artist has producer under contract
Artist representatives negotiated advance/royalty package with label them share them with producer
Spec deal
Negotiate a master purchase agreement
What is Royalties and Fees of producer
Producer points same as royalty %
% of retail or whole sale album or single price
Producer Points
Young producers may get 1point
Most get 2-4 points
Some superstars get 5-6 points
5 phases of recording production
Preproduction-budgeting and planning Studio time- basics and tracking Studio time- overdubbing Studio time- Mixing Postproduction- mastering & delivering
