Exam 2

Question 1

Supporting Teams

Answer 1

Define work teams clearly
Ensure team has support systems
Tailor type of support to the type of team

Question 2

8 factors that strengthen teams

Answer 2

Role interdependence
Goal interdependence
Outcome interdependence
Same manager
Co-location
Small size
Self defined as a team
Members' expectations

Question 3

10 support systems for teams

Answer 3

Team structure, leaders’ roles, team staffing, training, measurement and feedback, reward system, information system, communication technology, facility

Question 4

Types of teams

Answer 4

Production
Service
Management
Project
Action
Parallel

Question 5

4 conundrums of teams

Answer 5

Size
Virtual teams
Diversity
Education

Question 6

Ways to build collaborative teams

Answer 6

Executive support
Focused HR practices
Right team leaders
Structure and formation

Question 7

Communities of Practice (COP)

Answer 7

Important informal networks in and out of organizations;

“in-house networks of experts”

Question 8

4 characteristics of COPs

Answer 8

Inexpensive and efficient
Tackle real problems
Are like teams, but focus on long-term
Use tech for collaboration

Question 9

How can organizations successfully manage and utilize COPs?

Answer 9

Focus on important issues in the organization
Establish community goals
Provide real governance
Set high expectations

Question 10

3 Types of informal networks

Answer 10

Advice
Trust
Communication

Question 11

Uncover the informal network in organizations by:

Answer 11

Asking questions
Cross-check responses
Process the information
Draw network maps

Question 12

4 types of ideas

Answer 12

Creative realism
Conservative realism
Creative idealism
Conservative idealism

Question 13

We evaluate creativity in 3 different ways:

Answer 13

Fluency (quantity of ideas)
Flexibility (different types of ideas)
Originality (how unique is the idea?)

Question 14

What are some rules for brainstorming in teams?

Answer 14

No criticism
Freewheeling welcome
Quantity desired
Combining/improving ideas is encouraged

Question 15

Convergent thinking

Answer 15

Thinking that proceeds toward or convergence on a single answer

Question 16

Divergent thinking

Answer 16

Thinking that moves outwards from a problem in many directions; involves thinking without boundaries

ex: mirrors around the elevator

Question 17

Solo vs. team brainstorming

Answer 17

Solo came up with twice as many solutions, the solutions were more feasible and effective

Brainstorming seemed to make each individual less creative

Question 18

4 major threats to creativity

Answer 18

Social loafing
Conformity
Production blocking (waiting, forgetting)
Downward norm setting (least productive people are most influential)

Question 19

10 ways to build team creativity

Answer 19

Diversify the team
Analogical reasoning
Brainwriting
Nominal group technique
Creating an organizational memory
Trained facilitators
High benchmarks
Membership change
Electronic brainstorming
Build a playground

Question 20

Why are new ideas risky?

Answer 20

They break ideas and norms; they invite evaluation

Question 21

“Face”

Answer 21

Public self-image we want others to see

New ideas challenge our “face”

Question 22

Multiplex relationships help to create trust for new ideas

Answer 22

Content vs. relationship multiplexity

Question 23

Innovation hypothesis

Answer 23

Innovation will occur more among multiplex relationships

Question 24

Dual Process Theory

Answer 24

System 1 thinking: intuitive (rely on prior knowledge and beliefs: associative, undemanding, fast)

System 2 thinking: reflective (used when stakes are high and an obvious error is detected: analytical, demanding, slow)

Question 25

Key points of Dewey's model we're focusing on

Answer 25

1. Don't forget to clearly identify a specific problem 2. Spend time analyzing the problem, don't skip to brainstorming 3. Make sure the solution matches the problem you are seeking to solve

Question 26

Last 3 points of Dewey's model

Answer 26

4. Select best solution 5. Implement the plan 6. Follow up on the plan

Question 27

Problem solving in groups

Answer 27

Group members are more satisfied with the end decisions if they participated in the discussion More available information when they use experiences of all group members Groups come up with more FLEXIBLE creative ideas and solutions than individuals

Question 28

John Dewey

Answer 28

``` Public intellectual Positivist Democratic socialist Chicago school Wrote about education Problem solving ```

Question 29

1. Identify the problem

Answer 29

Determine the group's goals | Determine the individual members' goals

Question 30

2. Analyze the problem

Answer 30

Word the problem as a broad, open ended question Identify criteria for success Gather relevant information Identify supporting and restraining forces

Question 31

3. Generate creative solutions

Answer 31

Avoid criticism Freewheel ideas Develop a large number f ideas Combine two or more ideas

Question 32

4. Evaluate solutions

Answer 32

Which solution will best produce desired changes Which solution is most achievable Which solution contains the fewest serious disadvantages Avoid groupthink

Question 33

Group think occurs when:

Answer 33

``` Members feel apathetic Members expect lack of success One member is highly credible One member is very persuasive Members fail to challenge ideas ```

Question 34

Symptoms of groupthink

Answer 34

Invulnerability, unquestioned morality, rationalization of mistakes, vilification of opposing groups, self-censorship, false consensus, blockage of outside information

Question 35

Cures for groupthink

Answer 35

Maximize ideational conflict, develop a central negative, reduce leader dominance, keep group pride within limits, examine advantages and disadvantages of all ideas, use a problem-solving agenda system

Question 36

5. Implement the plan

Answer 36

Identify specific tasks Determine necessary routines Define individual responsibilities Provide for emergencies

Question 37

6. Follow up on the solution

Answer 37

Meet to evaluate progress | Revise approach as necessary (iterative process; ex: marshmallows)

Question 38

Dimensions of all problem solving groups

Answer 38

Functional approach to group communication | 4 functions for effective decision making

Question 39

4 functions for effective decision making

Answer 39

Analysis of the problem Goal setting Identification of alternatives Evaluation of positive and negative characteristics

Question 40

Factors of successful, complex teams

Answer 40

``` Invest in signature relationships Model collaborative behavior Create a gift culture Ensure the requisite skills Support a strong sense of community Assign leaders that are task and relationship oriented Build on heritage relationships Understand role clarity and task ambiguity ```