Exam 2

Question 0

Illness characterized by symptoms that are relatively short duration, are usually severe, and affect the functioning of the patient on all dimensions

Answer 0

Acute illness

Question 1

Activities that depend on the patients motivation to adopt a specific health program

Answer 1

Active strategies of health promotion

Question 2

Illness that persists over a long time and affects physical, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual functioning

Answer 2

Chronic illness

Question 3

Dynamic state in which individuals adapt to their internal and external environments so there is a state of physical, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual well-being

Answer 3

Health

Question 4

Conceptual framework that describes a persons health behavior as an expression of his or her health beliefs

Answer 4

Health belief model

Question 5

Activities such as routine exercise and good nutrition that help patient s maintain or enhance their present level of health and reduce their risk of developing certain diseases

Answer 5

Health promotion

Question 6

(1) Abnormal process in which any aspect of a person’s functioning is diminished or impaired compared with his or her previous condition
(2) The personal, interpersonal, cultural reaction to disease

Answer 6

Illness

Question 7

Ways in which people monitor their bodies, define and interpret their symptoms, take remedial actions, and use the health care system

Answer 7

Illness behavior

Question 8

Health education programs or activities directed toward protecting patients from threats or potential threats to health and minimizing risk factors

Answer 8

Illness prevention

Question 9

Activities that involve the patient as the recipient of actions by health care professionals

Answer 9

Passive strategies of health promotion

Question 10

First contact in a given episode of illness that leads to a decision regarding a course of action to prevent worsening of the health problem

Answer 10

Primary prevention

Question 11

Any internal or external variable that makes a person or group more vulnerable to illness or an unhealthily event

Answer 11

Risk factor

Question 12

Level of preventive medicine that focuses on early diagnosis, use of referral services, and rapid initiation of treatment to stop progress of disease processes

Answer 12

Secondary prevention

Question 13

Activities directed toward rehabilitation rather than diagnosis and treatment

Answer 13

Tertiary prevention

Question 14

Dynamic state of health in which an individual progresses toward a higher level of functioning, achieving an optimum balance between internal and external environments

Answer 14

Wellness

Question 15

Different attitudes that causes people to react in different ways to illness or to the illness of a family member.

Answer 15

Illness behavior

Question 16

A theoretical way of understanding a concept or idea

Answer 16

A model

Question 17

Can positively or negatively affect health

Answer 17

Health behaviors

Question 18

May be based on factual information or misinformation, common sense or myths, or reality or false expectations.

Answer 18

Health beliefs

Question 19

Activities related to maintaining, or regaining good health and preventing illness

Answer 19

Positive health behaviors

Question 20

Examples of positive health behaviors

Answer 20

• immunizations
• proper sleep patterns
• adequate exercise
• stress management
• nutrition

Question 21

Practices actually or potentially harmful to health

Answer 21

Negative health behaviors

Question 22

Examples of negative health behaviors

Answer 22

• smoking
• drug or alcohol abuse
• poor diet
• refusal to to necessary medicine

Question 23

What is the first component in the health behavior model?

Answer 23

The first component is individuals perception of susceptibility to illness

Question 24

What is the second component to the health behaviors model?

Answer 24

The second component is an individual's perception of the seriousness of an illness

Question 25

What is the third component to the health behavior model?

Answer 25

The third component is the likelihood that a person will take preventative action

Question 26

What are the areas of focus for the health promotion model?

Answer 26

* individual characteristics and experience * behavior, specific knowledge,and affect * behavioral outcomes

Question 27

A model used to understand interrelationships of basic human needs

Answer 27

Maslows hierarchy of needs

Question 28

The highest expression of ones individual potential and allows for continual discovery of self

Answer 28

Self-actualization

Question 29

Recognizes the natural healing ability of the body and incorporate complementary and alternative interventions

Answer 29

The holistic health model

Question 30

Include a person's developmental stage, intellectual background, perception of functioning, and emotional and spiritual factors

Answer 30

Internal variable

Question 31

What do cognitive abilities shape?

Answer 31

The way a person thinks, including the ability to understand factors involved in illness and apply knowledge of health and illness to personal health practice

Question 32

This concept is central to nursing practice and more important in today's hectic healthcare environment

Answer 32

Caring

Question 33

a mental self ­image of strengths and weaknesses in all aspects of personality

Answer 33

self-concept

Question 34

Change in body image from extreme trauma usually occurs in the following phases:

Answer 34

* anxiety * shock * denial * anger * withdrawal

Question 35

What do behavioral and emotional depend on?

Answer 35

the nature of the illness, the patient’s | attitude toward it, the reaction of others to it, and the variables of illness behavior

Question 36

​persists, usually longer than 6 months, is irreversible, and affects functioning in one or more systems

Answer 36

chronic illness

Question 37

​is usually reversible, has a short duration, and is often severe

Answer 37

acute illness

Question 38

a state in which a person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired

Answer 38

illness

Question 39

Health behavior changes involve movement through a series of stages (Transtheoretical model)

Answer 39

the stages are: * precontemplation ­ * contemplation ­ * preparation ­ * action ­ * maintenance stage ­

Question 40

no intention to change

Answer 40

precontemplation

Question 41

considering change within the next 6 months

Answer 41

contemplation

Question 42

making small changes

Answer 42

preparation

Question 43

actively engaging in strategies to change behavior

Answer 43

action

Question 44

maintaining the changed behavior

Answer 44

maintenance stage

Question 45

any situation, habit, social or environmental condition, or physiological condition, spiritual condition, or other variable that increases the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident

Answer 45

risk factor

Question 46

includes specific protection such as immunization for influenza and hearing protection in occupational settings.

Answer 46

primary prevention

Question 47

includes diagnosis and prompt intervention

Answer 47

secondary prevention

Question 48

○ minimizing the effects of long term disease or disability by interventions directed at preventing complications and deterioration ○ rehabilitation rather than diagnosis and treatment ○ called preventive care because it involves preventing further disability or reduced functioning

Answer 48

tertiary prevention

Question 49

individuals are motivated to adopt specific health programs such as weight reduction and smoking cessation

Answer 49

active strategies of health promotion

Question 50

​individuals gain from the activities of others without acting themselves which include public fluoridation of water and vitamin D inclusion in homogenized milk

Answer 50

passive strategies of health promotion