Exam #2 Flashcards
(28 cards)
Please identify and explain three factors presented in class that contribute to Deforestation
One, logging for valuable tropical hardwoods such as Teak and mahogany
two, building roads to remove logs kills more trees but even more important and it also allows entry to the forest by farmers minors hunters and others who cause further damage
Three, conversion of forced to small-scale our culture is common in many areas
Define old-growth forest is and identify what percentage of forest in the world maintain old-growth features
Old-growth forest are those that Cover a large enough area and I’ve been undisturbed by human activities long enough the trees can about the natural lifecycle, today only 25% of forced to retain their old row features
Please explain the following terms overgrazing Desertification rotational grazing
Overgrazing, is damaged vegetation and soil including loss of native forage species and erosion
Dessertfication,when land is abused by overgrazing especially in arid areas once for Thailand that is converted to desert
Rotational grazing, and finding animals to the smaller area for short time often only day or two before shipping them to a new location this
Explain my fire suppression is a controversial strategy
Recent studies that are attempts to Sir press all fires have been misguided. Any biological communities are fire adapt and require periodic burning for regeneration, eliminating fire from these forests also promotes Woody degrees to accumulate greatly increasing the chances of larger and harder and more dangerous fires
Historically timber harvest companies prefer the tactic of clearcutting forests were all trees are removed regardless of size and or H please identify three alternatives to clearcutting first presented in class
Shelterwood harvesting, In which mature trees are removed in a series of two or more cuts
Strip cutting, in which all the trees in the narrow Corredor or harvested
Selective cutting, it was only a small percentage of the mature trees are taking each 10 or 20 year rotation
In class it was identified that the constant use of antibiotic and agricultural possesses a very real risk to humans. Please explain the risks of overuse of antibiotics and agricultural to humans, and identify what percent of all antibiotics or is made to be used in the US on domestic livestock
The constant use of antibiotics in livestock is a result of the 40 to 70% of all antibiotics sold in the US it being used in tiny doses on food animals to promote growth and more effective feed consumption constant use requires the antibiotics to be used on a regular basis for reasons other than disease treatment or prevention. The risk to humans does not involve antibiotic residues being found in the meet.in fact residue rarely if ever exceeds safe levels what the risk it does involve is bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics and developing new strains that aren’t able to be treated with antibiotic drugs it’s a bacterial can’t be killed with antibiotics the bacterial disease can spread not only in my stock but in human populations as well
As presented in class please define the following terms famine, malnutrition, and obese
Famine a large-scale food shortage with widespread starvation social disruption and economic chaos
Obese generally considered to mean more than 20% of the deal wait for persons height and sex
Malnutrition is a general term for nutritional imbalance caused by a lack of specific nutritions
As presented in class please explain/define the following terms goalie erosion real erosion sheet erosion
Rill erosion in middle River loops of running water gather together and cut small channels into the soil
Sheet erosion water flowing across gently sloping/Barefield removing a thin uniform layer of soil
Gully erosionit thrills in March to form bigger channels over rabbits that are too large to be removed by normal tillage operation
In class so it was a complex mixture of six components please identify these three components
Sanding gravel, silt and Clay, dead organic material, soil fauna and flora,water, air
According to the Center for disease control there are three major reasons that antibiotics are routinely fed to livestock and poultry find these three reasons
Treat sick animals, disease among animals susceptible to infections, promotes the growth of cattle/poultry and Swan
Three problems with over fertilizing agricultural lands
One, growing plants can use only limited amounts of nutritions and the nutrients not captured by crops run off of feels worse it into groundwater
Two, excess fertilizer containment drink in water and destabilize aquatic ecosystems
Three,nutrient levels and groundwater have risen to dangerous levels in many areas where intensive farming is practiced. High levels of nutrients as well as phosphates leads to depletes oxygen and are waterways creating zones
In class your present it was for specific strategies for delaying or controlling the spread of Intermatic resistance please notify these for strategies
Don’t use antibiotics to treat viruses, avoid mild dose of antibiotics over long time periods, wondering a bacterial infection with antibiotics take all your pills, it’s a combination of Dr. prescribed drugs to treat bacterial infection
As presented in class please define the following terms morbidly mortality environmental health
Mortality means death, morbidity means illness, environmental health focus on factors cause disease including elements of natural social cultural and technological world in which we live
Please explain what an emergent disease is and provide it to examples
Emergent disease are those not previously known or that have been abandoned for at least 20 years examples one the H one and one 2009 mad cow disease 1997 SARS 2003 W Niall virus 2003
Please explain LD50
LD 50 is a convenient way to describe toxicity of the chemical by determining the dose to which 50% of the test population is sensitive LD stands for the photos
Please divide by accumulation bio magnification
Bioaccumulation is the selective absorption and storage of a great ride you have molecular insoles that allows nutrients and sensual minerals but can result in storage of harmful substances
Bio magnification is where the toxic burden of a large number of organisms at a lower trophic level is accumulated and concentrated by predator and higher trophic level
Please explain that to Waze the microbes acquire antibiotic resistance
Random mutations make a few sales resistance. When challenged by antibiotics only those can survive to give rise to residents colony
sexual reproduction/conjugation or plasma transfer moves genes from one strain or species to another
Your own words name and describe four layers of The atmosphere
Troposphere the Larry mediately adjacent to the earths surface with the troposphere air circulates vertically and horizontally, stratosphere extends about 50 KM out from the Bose it is far more dilute then the troposphere but has a similar composition except has almost no water vapor and nearly 1000 times more Ozone in the stratosphere is relativelycalm with little mixing in the stratosphere,mesosphere I love the stratosphere the temperature diminishes again creating A middle there, the roaster the Hysler that was fear is that thermosphere and begins at about 50 KM
As presented in class explain the greenhouse effect and explain how it relates to the theory of global climate change
Greenhouse effect is a common term to describe the capture of energy by gases in the atmosphere. It defines how I was here to gases such as CO2 and methane capture energy and maintain a higher atmospheric temperature. It relates to the theory of global climate change by explaining how burning of fossil fuels increase atmospheric gases such as CO2 that affect this energy capture resulting in an increase in absolute temperature that effectual planning
Explain the Milenkovitch cycles
Climate change correspond to an 11 year cycle of the sons intensity dramatic shift in climate due to changes in the earths orbit and tilt and wobble on its axis
What is the only normal/southern osculates and EN SO
Osculate shoes in the ocean and I’m scare that affect whether throughout the Pacific causing heavy monsoons or serious droughts
If identify two factors that influence not recorded veryation
Milankovich, El Niño el Nina
What is the title protocol and what is the most significant difference between the Kaito protocol and Monturo Princl
Entitled to Japan in 19 9760 nations agreed to rollback CO2 methane and nitrous oxide and emission about 5% below 1990 levels by 20 D 12 but China and India were exempt from the arrangement and the US number if I did this agreement, the difference tween the two is the mantra “addresses ozone-depleting chemical them under approval actually worked and I am too political failed
In 1970 the clean air act does gay to air-quality standards to be applied equally across the country for six major pollutants please identify the term used to these pollutants and identify the six major pollutants
The six major pollutants are referred to as conventional and criteria pollutants and they include so for the oxygen, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, ozone and it’s volatile organic compounds, lead, and particle matter
