Exam 2

Question 1

Distorted taste or bad taste could be indicative of:

Answer 1

1. B12 deficiency
2. Diabetes mellitus
3. Severe renal disease

Question 2

Glossodynia (burning painful tongue) could be indicative of:

Answer 2

1. B12 deficiency
2. Folate deficiency
3. Diabetes

Question 3

Xerostomia could be indicative of:

Answer 3

1. Uncontrolled diabetes
2. Iron deficiency anemia
3. Sjogren’s syndrome

Question 4

Pain the in mandible could be indicative of:

Answer 4

1. Myeloma
2. Thalassemia
3. Sickle cell anemia

Question 5

Excessive bleeding when brushing could be indicative of:

Answer 5

Thrombocytopenia due to:

• Leukemia
• Aplastic anemia
• Cancer
• Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
• Medications

Question 6

Mucosal pallor could be the result of:

Answer 6

Anemia due to:

• B12 deficiency
• Folate deficiency
• Iron deficiency
• Blood loss
• Leukemia
• Cancer
• Hemolytic anemia
• Chronic disease
• Severe renal disease

Question 7

Angular chelitis could be the result of:

Answer 7

1. Iron deficiency anemia

2. Folate deficiency

Question 8

Non specific Stomatitis could be the result of:

Answer 8

1. B12 Deficiency anemia

2. Folate deficiency anemia

Question 9

Ulcerative stomatitis could be the result of:

Answer 9

1. Leukemia
2. Aplastic anemia
3. Neutropenia
4. Folate deficiency anemia

Question 10

A Beefy Red Tongue could be the result of:

Answer 10

1. B12 Deficiency anemia

2. Folate deficiency anemia

Question 11

A Smooth Shiny Tongue could be the result of:

Answer 11

B12 or Folate deficiency

Question 12

Periodontal bleeding and Inflammation could be the result of:

Answer 12

Uncontrolled Diabetes

Question 13

Petechiae and/or ecchymosis could be the result of:

Answer 13

Thrombocytopenia due to:

• Leukemia
• Aplastic anemia
• Cancer
• ITP
• Medications

Question 14

Loose teeth could be the result of:

Answer 14

1. Myeloma

2. Diabetes

Question 15

Gingival hyperplasia could be the result of:

Answer 15

Leukemia

Question 16

Abnormal radiographic findings could be the result of:

Answer 16

1. Myeloma
2. Thalassemia
3. Hyperparathyroidism
4. Sickle Cell Anemia

Question 17

Indications for a Prothrombin Time INR =

Answer 17

Patients on Coumadin Therapy

Question 18

Indications for a Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT), Prothrombin Time (PT), Platelet Function Assay (PFA), and CBC with Platelet Count include:

Answer 18

1. Any patient with a personal or family history of bleeding problems
2. Patients with petechiae or ecchymoses on arms/legs
3. Any patient with hemarthrosis and hematomas
4. Any patient with excessive, unexplained bleeding from gingiva
5. Patients with liver disease or known alcoholics

Question 19

Indications for a Platelet Function Assay (PFA) =

Answer 19

Patients on high doses of NSAIDs

Question 20

Indications for a CBC =

Answer 20

1. Patients with a recent history of anemia
2. Patients with gross infections
3. Patients with unexplained oral ulcerations, gingival hyperplasia, gingival bleeding, or cheilosis
4. Patients over 50 who have not had a physical exam or CBC in the last 5 years

Question 21

Indications for a Blood Glucose test =

Answer 21

1. All known diabetics
2. Patients with a family history of diabetes or any signs or symptoms consistent with diabetes
3. All asymptomatic patients over 45 who have not had a blood glucose test in the last 3 years
4. Obese patients
5. Patients who are members of a high-risk ethnic population

Question 22

A Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1C is utilized for:

Answer 22

Assessment of long term diabetic control

Indicated for patients who are not responding to treatment and poor diabetic control suspected

Question 23

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and Rheumatoid Factor are evaluated for:

Answer 23

TMJ-Related Disorders

Question 24

Young children usually have a ____ lymphocyte count and a ____ neutrophil count than adults

Answer 24

Higher

Lower

Question 25

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) =

Answer 25

The average VOLUME of the individual RBCs - An INCREASE indicates Macrocytosis - A DECREASE indicated Microcytosis

Question 26

MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) =

Answer 26

The WEIGHT of hemoglobin in the average RBC | - Not helpful

Question 27

MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) =

Answer 27

Estimates the average CONCENTRATION or % of hemoglobin in the average RBC - If LOW, RBCs = Hypochromic - Should be about 33% - Elevated ONLY in Hereditary Spherocytosis - Does NOT depend on cell size - Macrocytic cells usually have a normal MCHC

Question 28

RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) =

Answer 28

The quantitative measure of the amount of variation in size of the RBCs - HIGHER values = Greater variation in size

Question 29

``` Lab tests: Hemoglobin = Decreased Hematocrit = Decreased RBC = Decreased MCV = Increased MCH = Increased MCHC = Normal ```

Answer 29

Macrocytic Anemia (Low Hb + High MCV)

Question 30

Macrocytic Anemia can be caused by:

Answer 30

1. Folic acid deficiency | 2. B12 deficiency

Question 31

Causes of Macrocytosis include:

Answer 31

1. Chronic alcoholism 2. Dilantin therapy 3. Chronic liver disease 4. Reticulocytosis or increased number of young RBCs

Question 32

``` Lab tests: Hemoglobin = Decreased Hematocrit = Decreased RBC = Normal MCV = Decreased MCH = Decreased MCHC = Decreased ```

Answer 32

Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia (Low MCV + Low MCHC)

Question 33

Microcytic Anemia can be caused by:

Answer 33

1. Iron deficiency 2. Thalassemia 3. Anemia of chronic disease - Uremia - Rheumatoid-collagen disease - Severe chronic infection