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New Testament > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who wrote Acts?

How do we know?

What do we know about the author of Acts?

A

Luke is the author of this book.

We know this Luke writes several sections of Acts in the first person. Luke writes Acts as a sequel to Luke’s gospel.

Luke is a:

Gentile

Physician

Missonary companion or Paul

Good writer and historian

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2
Q

When was Acts most likely written?

What evidence do we have for that approximate date?

A

This book was most likely written in the early 60s AD.

Evidence:

Acts ends with Paul preaching “unhindered” in Rome; not persecuted

Nero’s terrible persecution began in 64 A.D.

Therefore, Luke ends Acts before 64 A.D.

The events in the book cover about three decades, from the 30’s to the 60’s A.D.

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3
Q

What are the three major sections of Acts?

What verse in Acts serves as an outline for the book?

What structural markers indicate the divisions in the book?

A

Three major sections:

  1. The church begins in Jerusalem.
  2. The church expands through Judea and Samaria.
  3. The church expands through the world.

Verse:

Acts 1:8

Structural markers:

Seven summary statements through the book end each section of the book

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4
Q

What is the purpose of Acts?

How does God’s sovereignty play a role in the purpose of the book?

A

The purpose of this book is the beginning and expansion of the church from Jerusalem to Rome.

Luke shows that God id sovereignly causing the spread of the church. Even though the persection sets in, nothing can stop it.

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5
Q

What two important sub-purposes for Acts did the professor identify?

A
  1. The author seeks to prove Paul’s validity as an apostle.
  2. The author also wishes to demonstrate that Christianity is NOT a political threat to Rome.
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6
Q

What is the Greek term for “church,” and what does it mean literally?

A

Ekklesia:

Definition:

Gathering or assembly; Theologically it depicts the group that is now Christians, trusting in Jesus for eternal life.

Literal:

Those who are called out (called out from general population).

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7
Q

What are the two senses in which the church is described in the NT: universal and local?

A

Universal:

the one group of all Christians for all time.

Local:

the thousands of groups of Christians meeting regularly in their home areas.

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8
Q

How is Acts 1 related to Luke 24?

A

Acts 1/Luke 24

When starting Acts, Luke overlaps Acts 1 with Luke 24, with Jesus’ final words before His ascension.

Luke says that IF the Jews reject Christ, the Gentiles will BE ABLE to receive salvation. Acts shows that the Jews DID reject Christ and therefore the Gentiles DID receive salvation. Simply, Luke says it could happen, Acts shows that it did happen.

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9
Q

What are the apostles expecting in Acts 1, when they ask Jesus if he will now restore the Kingdom to Israel?

How does Jesus respond?

A

Apostles:

ThinkJesus will now establish David’s throne over Israel and rule.

Jesus’ Response:

No, the kingdom will spread to the world through your work.

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10
Q

How does Luke describe the baptism of the Holy Spirit in Acts 2:1-4?

What are three reults of the baptism of the Spirit in Acts 2?

A

Description:

When the Spirit comes, Luke describes a sound like a violent wind, tongues of fire on each one, and they were all filled with the Spirit, speaking in toungues/languages as the Spirit gave them the ability.

Results

  1. The multitude from different ethnic groups all hear the might acts of God in their own languages.
  2. Peter proclaims the gospel message boldly, indication that this event is part of the “last days” of Joel.
  3. The crowd is convicted, and 3000 believe in Christ.
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11
Q

What are the ways Luke describes the church’s life at the close of Acts 2?

A

The church is devoted to the apostles’ teaching, fellowship, the Lord’s Table, and to prayer. They are united in joy, encouraged through many miracles, and many come to Christ each day.

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12
Q

How do Pentecostal/Charismatic/Vineyard/Father’s Blessing traditions understand the baptisim of the Spirit applying today? (Group A)

What is the opposing view of the Spirit’s baptism for today? (Group B)

A

Group A

Yes, the baptism of the Spirit is still happening today from these people’s viewpoints. It is empowering Christians for living, witness, and for exercising their spiritual gifts. Many dramatic manifestations may come with this: -tongues -miracles -being slain in the spirit

Group B

No, the baptism of the Spirit in Acts is unique to start the church. The spirit’s power is now available all the time; there’s no need to wait for it or seek it. Any claimed manifestations must be evaluated carefully.

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13
Q

Describe the three stages of the church’s early life and the inital resistance that it faced, recorded in Acts 3:1 to 6:7.

A
  1. Peter preaches and performs signs.
  2. Jewish leaders threaten the apostles.
  3. The church is strengthened.
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14
Q

Why is the second major section of Acts (6:8 to 9:31) a “transitional” section?

A

After recording the beginning of the chruch in Jerusalem, the spread of the gospel to Jews is slowing, while the gospel now expands rapidly among Samaritans and Gentiles.

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15
Q

Which three people stand out in the second major section of Acts? How does the story of each develop the transition of the section?

A

1. Stephen: The gospel starts to slow to the Jews (they killed him). Jews are becoming more resistant to the gospel.

2. Philip: The gospel reaches the hated Samaritans (Acts 8). The gospel used the be exclusively Jewish, but now it is for multiple ethnicities. This is revolutionary.

3. Saul: The gospel messenger to the Gentiles is prepared (Acts 9:10-16). Saul has been saved and prepared by God to go to the Gentiles.

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16
Q

Why is Saul converted, according to God’s words to Ananias in Acts 9?

A

Saul was saved so that he could be prepared to bring God’s word to the Gentiles.

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17
Q

What are the four subsections to the third major section of Acts (9:32-28:31)?

Be able to think your way through a map showing the spread of the gospel from Israel to Rome in these four stages.

A
  1. Antioch, Syria (Acts 9:32-12:24) (North)
  2. Asia Minor (Acts 12:25-16:5) (West)
  3. Europe (Acts 16:6-19:20) (Further west - Macedonia and Greece today)
  4. Rome (Acts 19:21-28:31) (All the way west and south - the center of the world)
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18
Q

In the third major section of Acts, how does the focus of Acts shift from the previous two sections (two ways)?

A
  1. Gospel’s growth from Jews to Gentiles; Recipients of gospel shift from the Jews to the Gentiles, with the Jews becomg increasingly antagonistic to the gospel.
  2. Central character of Acts shifts from Peter to Paul
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19
Q

When Peter speaks to Cornelius and the Gentiles in Acts 10, what is the result? What change in the makeup of the church does it bring?

A

He leads the Gentile seeker Cornelius and his household to faith in Christ. The Gentiles now receive the Holy Spirit without becoming Jews. (This is another revolution.)

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20
Q

How does Luke describe the growth of the church at Antioch, Syria, in Acts 11? What does Barnabus do at Antioch that changes the growth of the church in Acts?

A

The result is that in the next days of ministry at Antioch, both Jews and Gentiles come to faith in great numbers, Barnabus retrieves Saul from Tarsus for the ministry at Antioch.

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21
Q

When Paul and Barnabus go on their missions trip in Acts 13-14, what s the pattern of events in most owns that they visit?

A
  1. Paul preaches to the Jews and performs signs
  2. The Gentiles believe in Jesus in great numbers
  3. The Jews persecute Paul, driving him out of town
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22
Q

How do some Jewish believers in Acts 15:1, 5 respond to the Gentiles’ faith in Christ?

A

The ask whether or not the Gentiles must first become Jews to be saved.

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23
Q

Why is the Jerusalem Council called in Acts 15? What date was it called? What is the result? What two decisive events at the Council lead to those results? How do the Gentile believers at Antioch respond to the Council’s results?

A

The council is called to debate whether or not Gentiles must first become Jews in order to be saved and whether or not they are required to follow the law.

It is held in 49AD.

Result: The Jerusalem Council decides to encourage the Gentiles. They do not require the Gentiles to keep the Law (Acts 15:20). The Gentiles receive the message with joy (Acts 15:30)

Two Decisive Events:

  1. Peter declares salvation by grace, not the law (Acts 15:7-11)
  2. Paul And Barnabus testify to the Gentiles’ faith (Acts 15:12)
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24
Q

When does the debate about whether Gentiles must become Jews or not in order to be saved? Where/when was it debated?

A

This debate peaks in (Acts 15:1,5). It was debated at the first church council in 49 A.D.

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25
Q

How is the issue regarding Gentiles becoming Jews before being saved resolved?

A
  1. Peter declares salvation by grace, not the law (Acts 15:7-11) 2. Paul and Barnabus testify to the Gentiles’ faith (Acts 15:12)
26
Q

What does the Jerusalem council decide regarding Gentiles first becoming Jews before they can be saved?

A

The council decides to encourage the Gentiles. They do not require the Gentiles to keep the Law (Acts 15:20). The Gentiles receive the message with Joy (Acts 15:30).

27
Q

Who is the author of Galatians?

A

The author of this book is Paul.

28
Q

What is the date of Galatians?

A

This book was most likely written in the late 40s A.D.

29
Q

How does Galatians relate to the Jerusalem Council and how does it support the dating of Galatians?

A

Paul wrote Galatians before the council met in 49 A.D. Paul makes no mention of the Jerusalem council (49 A.D.), which would have been a powerful support for his argument. He would have reference it in his letter if the council met before he wrote the letter.

30
Q

Who were the recipients of Galatians?

A

The recipients of this book were the Gentile believers in the region of Galatia, in Asia Minor.

31
Q

What is the literary structure of Galatians?

A
  1. Paul’s apostleship and message defended (1-2). 2. Justification by faith (3-4). 3. Freedom in the Spirit (5-6) .
32
Q

What is the purpose of Galatians?

A

The purpose of this book is to defend salvation by faith alone; it is not by trying to keep the law.

33
Q

What was the issue between the Judaizers and Paul/Barnabus? What is the heart of the message?

A

While Paul and Barnabus were converting many Gentiles, the Judaizers sought to compel the Gentiles to follow the law. The Judaizers also discredited Paul’s apostleship, so he defends both his position and his message in Galatians. The heart of the message is that salvation and eternal life come through faith in Christ, not through allegiance to Judaism.

34
Q

Who were the Judaizers?

A

The people who say you must become a Jew before you are a Christian. Told Gentiles they had to follow the law and be Jews in order to be converted to Christianity.

35
Q

What is Paul’s general message in the first section of the book of Galatians?

A

The main message of this book is that any new gospel is wrong, regardless of who brings it (1:6-10).

36
Q

What does Paul say in Galatians about those who speak false messages? Who is he mainly speaking about?

A

In this book, Paul says regarding those who speak false messages, “let him be accursed,” or let him be condemned to Hell. He is mainly speaking about the Judaizers.

37
Q

In Galatians, how does Paul defend his apostleship? What is the conclusion regarding his apostleship?

A

Paul defends his apostleship by saying: 1. He received his calling from Jesus directly (1:11-12). 2. The apostles at Jerusalem endorsed Paul’s message (2:7-10). 3. Paul’s authority allowed him to rebuke Peter (2:16). Conclusion: Paul is a legitimate apostle, so listen to him.

38
Q

What does Paul in Galatians say in regards to the law? How is the law used?

A

The law was not given to give us life, but to prove us all as sinners and point us to God’s mercy by faith through Christ (3:21-22). The law is used to be our tutor, showing us our need and God’s high moral standards, to lead us to Christ (3:24-25). It shows us how much we fall short. [You get saved by grace through faith, so live by faith through grace.]

39
Q

In Galatians, if we are justified by faith and not by law, how then should we live?

A
  1. We should live in freedom from the law, loving one another by faith (5:1-15). 2. Living in the Holy Spirit’s power, displaying His character traits as we submit to His control (5:16-25). 3. Restoring one another when there is sin present (6:1-5). 4. Doing good for one another, in the church and the world (6:6-10).
40
Q

How does Paul end Galatians?

A

Paul closes with a personal word, apologizing for his poor writing (6:11), and calling to mind his suffering for Christ (6:17). Paul is committed to the Galatians’ well-being (6:14-15), as opposed to the Judaizers (6:12).

41
Q

Who is the author of James?

A

It is most likely James, the brother of Jesus, who was also one of the leaders of the Jerusalem church. James was antagonistic to Jesus, but apparently came to faith after Christ’s resurrection, one to whom Jesus appeared.

42
Q

What is the date of James?

A

The date is very difficult to determine. Internal evidence points to this book as one of the first NT books perhaps as early as the late 40s.

43
Q

What is the structure of James?

A

This book has little flow or logic to its component parts. Two main sections seem appropriate: 1. Active faith (1:1-3:12) 2. Wise Living (3:13-5:20)

44
Q

Who were the recipients of James?

A

The recipients of this book were Jewish Christians.

45
Q

What is the purpose of James?

A

The purpose of this book is to encourage Jewish Christians to live in a way that demonstrates their faith.

46
Q

How is faith described in James?

A

-Faith, according this book, is the key to overcoming trials. -It doesn’t always speak or get angry, but listens, in order to do what is right. -It shows mercy without favoritism. -It produces good works; works are a result of faith, works are not a condition to be saved. -It enables us to restrain our speech.

47
Q

What does James say about how Christians should live wisely?

A
  • Christians should have personal purity from the world (it is an issue of loyalties).
  • We should have humility towards one another, not speaking against one another, or judging one another.
  • We should have dependence on God to donduct life and business.
  • Wise use of money and material posessions.
  • Patiently enduring trials, knowing God is coming
  • Praying humbly for one another’s needs
  • Restoring the sinning brother or sister
48
Q

Where does Luke join Paul/Saul and Silas?

A

He joings Paul/Saul and Silas at Philippi.

49
Q

What happens in Philippi in regards to Paul/Saul and Silas when they are in Philippi?

A

They are thrown into jail anter they perform and exorcism of a slave girl. They were severly beaten. They sang songs of praise while they were in jail though. An earthquake shook the jail, swing the doors open and releasing all the prisoners from their shackles. Luke and P/S do not try to flee though, bring the jailer ot convert and put his faith in Jesus.

50
Q

Where do Paul and Silas go after visiting Philippi? What happens there?

A

They go to Thessalonica and Berea, with the same pattern as before. Many believe, but the Jews run him out of town.

51
Q

Who does Paul speak to in Athens? What are the results like?

A

In this place, Paul speaks to the Philosophers with little results.

52
Q

Who does Paul stay with in his time at Corinth?

A

Paul stays with Priscilla and Aquila in this place.

53
Q

Who is the author of 1-2 Thessalonians?

A

Paul is the author of these two books.

54
Q

When and where were 1-2 Thessalonians written?

A

These books were written between 50-54 A.D., most likely from Corinth.

55
Q

What is 1 Thessalonians a letter of? 2 Thessalonians?

A

1: Letter of Relief
2: Letter of Instruction

56
Q

What is the purpose of 1 Thessalonians?

A

The purpose of this book is to encourage the Gentile believers by reminding them of Paul’s affection for them and the great hope they have in Christ.

57
Q

What is the purpose of Thessalonians?

A

The purpose of this book is to encourage the Gentile Christians by correcting a flase rumor about Jesus’ coming.

58
Q

What had the believers in 2Thessalonians believe?

A

The believers in this book believed Jesus had already returned and they believed that they had been left out.

59
Q

What were the events Paul described signaling Jesus’ return?

What does Paul hope to do with these details?

A
  1. Conditions on earth deteriorate, with many professing Christians leaving the faith.
  2. When God’s restraining force is lifted, all hell breaks loose
  3. Then God will destroy all opposition to Christ when Jesus appears.
    - Paul hopes to comfort them with these details.
60
Q

What does Paul say regarding lazy people?

What does he say people should do to the lazy people?

A

Paul teaches that all should work and contribute to their own support, working their own jobs, and not becoming busybodies.

He also instructs them to not associate with them and to shame them, but to do it as a brother, not an enemy.

New Testament (2 decks)

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