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Tests and Measures Exam 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(41 cards)

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1
Q

What is the most rigid part of the vertebral column?

A

*Thoracic spine Facet joints

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2
Q

How is the thoracic spine aligned?

A

*In a mild kyphosis

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3
Q

What is the resting position of the thoracic spine/facets?

A

*Midway between flexion and extension (upright posture)

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4
Q

What is the closed pack position of the Thoracic spine?

A

Extension

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5
Q

What is the capsular pattern of the Thoracic spine?

A

*side flexion and rotation equally limited, extension

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6
Q

What is the mobile platform for thoracic movement?

A
  • Thoracic Spine Facet Joints
  • Upper extremities via ST and SC joints
  • Cervical Spine
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7
Q

What does the sternum (breast bone) made up of?

A
  • Manubrium, body, Sternum

* Sternal Notch of the Manubrium

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8
Q

What does the manubriosternal joint (sternal angle) align with?

A

*2nd rib

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9
Q

What does the xiphosternal joint align with?

A
  • T9 vertebrae

* T7 ribs

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10
Q

What does the xiphoid process align with?

A
  • T9 vertebra

* T6 dermatome

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11
Q

What is the norm for the infrasternal angle and what is the cause of a large or small one?

A
  • Norm: 90 dg
  • > 90 dg: tightness in internal obliques
  • < 90 dg: tightness in external obliques
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12
Q

Would an upper chest breather have a larger or smaller angle?

A

*Less than 90 dg because they don’t expand the lower ribs

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13
Q

What can be palpated in the anterior ribs?

A

*Costochondral Junctions

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14
Q

How do you palpate the first rib?

A

*Posterior while sitting and/or prone

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of ribs 2-12?

A
  • Most rounded inferior rib felt anterolaterally is the 10th rib and it’s costochondral junction
  • Inferior and posterolateral to that is the tip of rib 11, ending just anterior to mid-axillary line
  • Rib 12, inferior and medial to rib 11, it is about an inch or so below rib 11 about 2-4 inches from the spinous process
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16
Q

Which ribs have angles and where are they found?

A
  • Ribs 2-10 have them
  • 1st rib doesn’t possess an angle and 11th and 12th are slight if present
  • 3-4 cm lateral to the tips of the transverse process
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17
Q

What are the rib articulations with the costovertebral joints?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Ribs 1, 10, 11, 12 have one vertebral body articulation

* Ribs 2-9 articulate with two adjacent vertebrae

18
Q

What are the rib articulations with the costotransverse joints?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • *Ribs and transverse processes of the same level
  • Ribs 1-10
  • Ribs 11 and 12 do not have these joints
19
Q

What are the rib articulations with the costochondral joints?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Ribs and costal cartilage
  • Ribs 1-7 = True Ribs
  • Ribs 8-10 = False Ribs
  • Ribs 11 and 12 = Floating
20
Q

What is the Thoracic Rule of Three?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • T1-3: SP at level with TP
  • T4-6: SP are 1/2 level down than TP
  • T7-9: SP are one full level down from TP
  • T10-12: Starts to come back up
  • T10: SP is one full level below TP
  • T11: SP is one 1/2 level below TP
  • T12: SP is even with TP
21
Q

What is the OIAN of the External Obliques?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • O: Ribs 5-12
  • I: Iliac crest, pubis, linea alba
  • A: Bilaterally compresses abdomen and flexes the spine, Unilaterally it does ipsilateral side bending and contralateral rotation
22
Q

What is the OIAN of the internal obliques?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • O: Lateral inguinal ligament, middle lip of iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia
  • I: Pubis, inferior border of ribs 9-12, linea alba
  • A: Bilaterally compress abdomen and flexes the spine
  • N: Lower 5 thoracic nerves, 1st lumbar nerve, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal n.
23
Q

What is the OIAN of the rectus abdominis?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • O: Crest of Pubis and pubic tubercle, pubic symphysis
  • I: Cartilages of the 5-7 ribs and xiphoid process
  • A: Flexes vertebral column, compresses abdomen
  • N: Spinal nerves T7-12
24
Q

What forms the washboard effect in the abdominals?

Study These Flashcards
A

*The transverse fibrous intersections of the rectus abdominis

25
What are the OIAN of the Transverse Abdominis?
* O: Lateral 3rd of inguinal ligament, inner lip of iliac crest, inner cartilage of the lower six ribs, thoracolumbar fascia, and interdigitating with diaphragm * I: Ends in aponeruosis, front and back of rectus sheath to linea alba and pubis * N: Lower sic thoracic n, first lumbar n, iliohypgastic and ilioinguinal n. * A: Compresses abdominal viserca dn tenses abdominal wall
26
What are the erector spinae divided between?
*Cervicis, thoracic, and lumborum
27
How does the pump handle action work and what does it effect?
*Move by rotating around their long axis. Rotates up with accompaniment of the manubrium and is done at T1-6
28
How does the bucket handle action work and what does is effect?
* Move upward, backward, and medially * Effects T7-10 * Effects T2-6 at a much lesser degree
29
How does the Caliper action work and what does it effect?
* Moves laterally | * Effects T11 and T12
30
When measuring chest expansion, What is normal and what is problematic?
* Normal: > or equal to 5 cm | * Problem: < 2.5 cm, severe emphysema is 1 cm
31
What is the Sahrmann Core Stability Test?
* Ability of a patient to perform specific levels of stability testing while maintaining a neutral/flat spine (test is stopped if patient cannot maintain flat spine) * Test is graded by the level the patient can perform
32
What is Level 1A- Fair of the SCS Test?
* Initial position to be used for rest of levels * Hooklying, tighten your core keeping back flat and slowly lift 1 leg to 90 dg keeping your knee bent * Keeping 1st leg up, slowly bring 2nd leg up to same position * "Up up position"
33
What is level 1B- Poor (motor training) of the SCS Test?
* For the patient that cannot perform level 1A | * Hooklying, keeping back flat, slide one heel along floor out to straight leg and return to starting position
34
What is the level 2- fair+ of the SCS test?
* Starting in position 1A both legs up * Slowly lower 1 leg down until heel touches table * Slide heel along table out until leg is straight * Slide it back until knee is bent * Return to position 1A * "One heel slide"
35
What is the level 3 (good) of SCS Test?
* Starting in position 1A (both legs up) * Slowly lower 1 leg until it is a few inches above table * Glide heel above table out until leg is straight * Glide it back until knee is bent * Return to position 1A * "one heel glide"
36
What is the level 4 (sport level) of the SCS test?
* Starting in position 1A (both legs up) * Slowly lower both legs until heels touch the table * Slide both heels out until both legs are straight * Slide them back until knees bent * Return to position 1A * "Double heel slide"
37
What is the level 5 (sport level- elite athlete) of the SCS test?
* Starting in position 1A (both legs up) * Slowly lower both legs until heels are a few inches above table * Glide both legs out until legs are straight * Glide back until knees are bent * Return to position 1A * "Double heel glide"
38
What are the lower extremity myotomes?
* L2: hip flexion * L3: Knee extension * L4: Ankle dorsiflexion * L5: Great toe extension * S1: Ankle eversion, hip extension, plantar flexion * S2: Knee flexion
39
What are the LE DTRs?
* L3/4: quads * S1/2: Achilles * L5/S1: Hamstrings
40
What is the pelvis made up of?
* 2 innominates and sacrum * 3 joints - 2 posterior (left and right SI joint) - 1 anterior (pubic symphysis)
41
What occurs in the 2 posterior SI joints?
* Synovial articulations with irregular surfaces * Strong ligamentous support and strong support from bony contour * Movement- some and can have an effect on pain, stretch guarding - Nutation and Counternutation, shearing

Tests and Measures Exam 1 (3 decks)

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