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Biochem 2 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What enzymes are part of glycogenolysis?

A

Glycogen phosphorylase

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2
Q

What are the stimulants of glycogenolysis?

A

Low energy charge, glucagon, calcium

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3
Q

What are the inhibitors of glycogenolysis?

A

High energy charge, insulin, glucose

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4
Q

What are the enzymes of glycolysis?

A

Hexokinase, PFK, pyruvate kinase

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5
Q

What are the stimulants of glycolysis?

A

Low energy charge, insulin, glucose

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6
Q

What are the inhibitors of glycolysis?

A

High energy charge, glucagon, pyruvate, alanine, lactate, citrate

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7
Q

What are the enzymes in the prep step of Krebs?

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

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8
Q

What are the stimulants of the prep step?

A

Low energy charge, NAD+, CoA

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9
Q

What are the inhibitors of the prep step?

A

High energy charge, NADH, acetyl CoA

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10
Q

What are the enzymes of lipolysis?

A

Hormone sensitive lipase

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11
Q

What are the stimulants of lipolysis?

A

Low energy charge, glucagon, EP, NE, cortisol

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12
Q

What are the inhibitors of lipolysis?

A

High energy charge, insulin

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13
Q

What are the enzymes of beta oxidation?

A

Acyl CoA dehydrogenase

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14
Q

What are the stimulants of beta oxidation?

A

Low energy charge, glucagon, NAD+, FAD

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15
Q

What are the inhibitors of beta oxidation?

A

High energy charge, insulin, NADH, FADH2

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16
Q

What are the enzymes of the Krebs cycle?

A

Citrate synthase

IASM

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17
Q

What are the stimulants of Krebs?

A

Low energy charge, NAD+, FAD

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18
Q

What are the inhibitors of Krebs?

A

High energy charge, NADH, FADH2

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19
Q

What are the enzymes of glycogen synthesis?

A

Glycogen synthase

20
Q

What are the stimulators of glycogen synthesis?

A

High energy charge, insulin, glucose, low glycogen concentration

21
Q

What are the inhibitors of glycogen synthesis?

A

Low energy charge

22
Q

What are the enzymes of fat synthesis?

A

Citrate lyase, acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase

23
Q

What are the stimulants of fat synthesis?

A

High energy charge, insulin, NADH, FADH2, citrate

24
Q

What are the inhibitors of fat synthesis?

A

Low energy charge, glucagon, NAD+, FAD

25
Q

What are the enzymes of cholesterol synthesis?

A

HMG CoA reductase

26
Q

What are the stimulators of cholesterol synthesis?

A

High energy charge, insulin, NADH, FADH2, citrate

27
Q

What are the inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis?

A

Cholesterol, low energy charge, NAD+, FAD

28
Q

What are the enzymes of gluconeogenesis?

A

Pyruvate carboxylase, PEP carboxykinase, G6P, fructose 1,6- BPase

29
Q

What are the stimulants of GNG?

A

Glucagon, low blood glucose

30
Q

What are the inhibitors of GNG?

A

Insulin, glucose, low. energy charge

31
Q

What is the Cori cycle?

A

Muscle-> lactate-> liver-> GNG-> glucose

32
Q

First 3 pieces of ketosis

A
  1. increased fat burning
  2. increased GNG
  3. OHOT makes excess acetyl CoA
33
Q

Second 3 pieces of ketosis

A
  1. excess acetyl CoA turns into ketone bodies
  2. body uses ketone bodies
  3. GNG is diminished
34
Q

3 common ketone bodies

A
  1. acetoacetate
  2. beta-hydroxybutyrate
  3. acetone
35
Q

Alanine ___

A

Pyruvate

36
Q

Pyruvate ___

A

Alanine

37
Q

Glutamate ___

A

Alpha-ketoglutarate

38
Q

Alpha-ketoglutarate ___

A

Glutamate

39
Q

Aspartate ___

A

OAA

40
Q

OAA ___

A

Aspartate

41
Q

Enzymes of fat building

A

Citrate lyase
Acyl CoA Synthetase
FA Synthetase

42
Q

Stimulants of fat building

A

Glucose, insulin, ATP, NADH, FADH2

43
Q

Inhibitors of fat building

A

Glucagon, AMP, ADP, NAD+, FAD

44
Q

Enzyme of cholesterol

A

HMG CoA reductase

45
Q

Stimulants of cholesterol

A

Glucose, insulin, ATP, NADH, FADH2

46
Q

Inhibitors of cholesterol

A

Glucagon, AMP, ADP, NAD+, FAD

Biochem 2 (1 decks)

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