Exam 2

Question 1

A temporary increase in the ease with which ideas can be retrieved from memory information that is easy to retrieve often seems more relevant, familiar, accurate or valid

Answer 1

Priming effect- Products encountered frequently or recently are those products that become more favorable

Question 2

The idea that there are two styles of thinking has had a profound effect on the research on judgment, decision-making, attention, reasoning and persuasion theoretical frameworks that describe the two styles of thinking

Answer 2

Dual process models

Question 3

Mental processes that occur without awareness or attention, but nevertheless influence judgments, feelings, goals and behaviors

Answer 3

Automatic information processing (consumers do many things without their conscious awareness Ex: stockings)

Question 4

Suggest that the unconscious mind can be trained to perform routine mental activities

Answer 4

Adaptive unconscious

Question 5

More accurate for questions with subject of answers and are also more accurate when consumers have a lot of practice forming these and princes been when they receive a good deal or accurate feedback about the quality of their inferences

Answer 5

Thinslice references

Question 6

When consumers are where they’re searching for information stored in their memory and or when they intend to do so

Answer 6

Explicit memory

Question 7

When memory is used as a tool without awareness or intention

Answer 7

Implicit memory

Question 8

Theories or assumptions about how the world works

Answer 8

Naïve theories

Question 9

Presenting priming stimuli below the level of conscious awareness, can also influence consumer judgment and choice

Answer 9

Subliminal priming

Question 10

A procedure for measuring sensitive believes, including those held without awareness or attention

Answer 10

The implicit Association test (IAT)

Question 11

Implicit and explicit attitudes (google)

Answer 11

Google

Question 12

As familiarity increases a brand-name seems more famous, liking for the brand increases, judgments about the brand or help with greater confidence, and product claims seem to be more likely true

Answer 12

Truth effect

Question 13

The best time to break a bad habit is when the context changes like when a person moves to a new apartment or a new house or when a person starts a new job

Answer 13

Habit theory

Question 14

Behavioral intentions to perform specific actions at specific time and places

Answer 14

Implementation intentions

Question 15

The driving force that moves or inside supposed to act and is the underlying basis of all behavior

Answer 15

Motivation

Question 16

Affect a person’s feelings mood or arousal

Answer 16

Emotions

Question 17

Physical changes in the body

Answer 17

Arousal

Question 18

The degree or amount of tension influences the urgency with which actions are taken to return to the desired goal state

Answer 18

Drive

Question 19

Movement toward a desired object or outcome

Answer 19

Approach

Question 20

Movement away from an undesired object or outcome

Answer 20

Avoidance

Question 21

People have several basics physiological needs such as for food, water,, Air

Answer 21

Drive theory

Question 22

Distinguishes between Intrinsic motivation an extra motivation

Answer 22

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Question 23

The desire to pursue an activity or goal for its own sake

Answer 23

Intrinsic motivation

Question 24

The desire to put pursue an activity or goal in order to receive a reward such as money or praise

Answer 24

Extrinsic motivation

Question 25

Information and facts are useful for changing attitudes

Answer 25

Knowledge function

Question 26

Image of heels are useful for changing attitudes

Answer 26

Value expression function

Question 27

Authority and fear appeals are useful for changing the attitude that serve the

Answer 27

Ego Defensive function

Question 28

Pain or pleasure appeals are useful for changing the attitudes that serve the

Answer 28

Adjustment function

Question 29

Suggest that consumers regulate or control their behavior by using a promotion focus or prevention focus

Answer 29

Focus theory

Question 30

Concerned with the presence or absence of positive outcomes and with aspirations and Accomplishment

Answer 30

Promotion focus

Question 31

Concerned with the presence or absence of a negative outcomes and with protection and responsibilities

Answer 31

Prevention focus

Question 32

Consumers strive for consonance or consistency between a specific behavior and an attitude related to that behavior

Answer 32

Cognitive dissonance theory

Question 33

Positive affect

Answer 33

Positive mood

Question 34

Products customers use to enjoy positive experiences

Answer 34

Hedonic products

Question 35

Ask customers use to solve a problem

Answer 35

Instrumental products

Question 36

Attributes that can be judged or rated simply by examining a product without necessarily buying it

Answer 36

Search attributes

Question 37

Attributes that can be judged or rated only by using the product

Answer 37

Experience attributes

Question 38

A special type of experience attributes that can be judged or rated only after extended use

Answer 38

Creedence attributes

Question 39

Based on direct experience with a product or what we see with our own eyes or here with our own ears

Answer 39

Descriptive believes

Question 40

Based on indirect experience or on what other people tell us

Answer 40

Informational believes

Question 41

Believes that go beyond the information given consumers often draw their own conclusions or an for believes about attributes and benefits based on both direct and indirect experience

Answer 41

Inferential beliefs

Question 42

Evaluated judgments or ratings on how good or bad common favorable or unfavorable, or pleasant or unpleasant consumers find a particular person place outlet website or issue

Answer 42

Attitudes

Question 43

Developed a theory suggesting that attitudes can be based on cognition, affect, and behavior

Answer 43

Zanna and rempel

Question 44

A shift in judgment of the target toward the reference point

Answer 44

Assimilation affect

Question 45

A shift in judgment of the target away from the reference point

Answer 45

Contrast effect

Question 46

When information is excluded from the representation of the target

Answer 46

Subtraction bass contrast effect

Question 47

Information is included in the representation of the reference point of the favorable information excluded from the representation of the target increases less favorable judgment of the target are formed

Answer 47

Comparison based contrast effect

Question 48

One of the most important determinants of the amount of thinking or the personal relevance and importance of an issue or a situation.

Answer 48

Involvement

Question 49

Alternative gambles can be ranked from best to worst in terms of expected value

Answer 49

Dominance principle

Question 50

Stages of gamble. Should cancel out if they are identical for 2 gambles

Answer 50

Cancellation.

Question 51

Just that when consumers suspect I’ll tear your motive’s on the part of markers they attempt to resist the markers persuasion attempts

Answer 51

Persuasion knowledge model

Question 52

Carried out automatically with little conscious effort frequently Purchased,low cost products such as chewing gum and milk

Answer 52

Routine choice

Question 53

Involves limited information search in the liberation consumers are not motivated to evaluate each alternative so that you simple decision rule rules to aid there decision making

Answer 53

Intermediate problem-solving

Question 54

Requires a deliberate and systematic effort. Consumers generally do not have well-established criteria to evaluate brands or may be on for Milyer with the product category. Product such as automobiles investments and home security systems

Answer 54

Extensive problem-solving

Question 55

The possibility of negative outcomes then consumers are more likely to demonstrate higher levels of involvement

Answer 55

Perceived risk

Question 56

consumers natural inertia toward a product or service based on familiarity and convenience rather than a fundamental commitment to a brand consumer sometimes stick with old familiar brands for no apparent reason other than the fact that they have purchased it before and it seems fine

Answer 56

Brand laziness

Question 57

Involve intrinsic commitment to a brand based on distinctive benefits for values that provides to consumers

Answer 57

Brand loyalty

Question 58

Describe situations where consumers brand switching is either externally imposed or Extrinsically motivated

Answer 58

Derives varied behavior

Question 59

A consumer who seeks variety for the pleasure of change and positive stimulation it brings

Answer 59

Intrinsic variety seeking

Question 60

Brands that possess functionally equivalent attributes making one brand is satisfactory substitute for others

Answer 60

Parity products

Question 61

Characteristics of a product that are most likely to affect the buyers final choice

Answer 61

Determinant attributes

Question 62

When a consumer acknowledges a significant difference between what is perceived as a desired state and what is perceived as the actual state

Answer 62

Want-got gap

Question 63

Browsing through catalogs, windowshopping, surfing the Internet without the intent of making a purchase

Answer 63

Ongoing search

Question 64

Describes a consumers long term and continuous interest in a brand or product Category

Answer 64

Enduring involvement

Question 65

Reflects a consumers of relative Lee temporary and context dependent interest in a product or category

Answer 65

Situational involvement

Question 66

Overwhelmed by the number of available brands and as a result you quickly grab the one most familiar to you

Answer 66

Brand overload

Question 67

People who search accumulate and share product knowledge with others

Answer 67

Market mavens

Question 68

The idea that consumers can only make a rational decisions within the limits of time and cognitive capability

Answer 68

Bounded rationality

Question 69

Gathering and using product information under uncertainty

Answer 69

Uncertainty reduction model

Question 70

Represents all brands that exist along with measures of each of their Attributess

Answer 70

Actual brand

Question 71

What is in the consumers head is not the set of actual brands

Answer 71

Perceived brands

Question 72

Create noise during information search and cause a consumer perceive brands to differ from actual brands

Answer 72

X ternal uncertainty

Question 73

What a consumer believes their reaction will be to various brands and their attributes, differs from their true preference

Answer 73

Perceived preference

Question 74

Uncertainty about the consumer himself cause a consumer is perceived preference to differ from his true preference

Answer 74

Internal uncertainty

Question 75

The number of brands the consumer places in a cluster

Answer 75

Cluster size

Question 76

The degree to which brands within a single cluster are dissimilar from each other

Answer 76

Cluster variance

Question 77

The best possible combination of attributes observed without a cluster

Answer 77

Cluster frontier

Question 78

They consumers awareness of uncertainty as to an individual brand attributes

Answer 78

Brandon variance

Question 79

A simple, error prone way to make a decision in which the person does not consider trade-offs. Example is easier to decide whether to drink a caffeinated drink or a caffeine drink then it is to decide which caffeinated drink to drink

Answer 79

Nan composite Tori process

Question 80

Requires weighing and trade-offs. For example, Redbull taste better than hype but height is less expensive, is red Bulls additional taste worth the additional price

Answer 80

Compensatory process

Question 81

Suggest that consumers form expectations about product performance prior to purchasing a brand

Answer 81

Expectancy disconfirmation model

Question 82

Shows the opposite can’t be true consumers who set and meet lower expectations are typically less satisfied then customers who set and meet a higher expectations

Answer 82

Formance beast satisfaction

Question 83

The group of brands that consumers think about buying when they make a purchase

Answer 83

Consideration set

Question 84

Involves presenting the names of just some brands when consumers are trying to recall as many rounds as possible

Answer 84

Part-list cuing

Question 85

Marketers attempt to influence which specific brands consumers are likely to compare and evaluate the target brand seems more attractive when it is compared to inferior brands and less attractive when compared to Superior Brands

Answer 85

The attraction of fact

Question 86

The increased probability of buying a compromise brand, is Especially likely to occur when consumers are concerned about making a bad decision

Answer 86

Compromise affect

Question 87

When consumers can directly and physically observe all Rogan brands in the consideration set and their brand attributes

Answer 87

Stimulus based choice

Question 88

When none of the relevant brands and attributes that directly and physically observable

Answer 88

Memory base choice

Question 89

Consumers can see some brands but must remember others

Answer 89

Mix choice

Question 90

A combination of everything known about all brands and selecting the one with the highest valuation

Answer 90

Attitude based choice

Question 91

Consumers compare the specific attributes or features of each brand and then select the one that performs best on key attributes

Answer 91

Attribute based choice