Exam 2 Flashcards
(39 cards)
Looking glass self
Charles Cooley believe that one sense of self depends on seeing oneself reflected in interactions with others. The looking glass self her first to the notion that self develops through our perception of others evaluations and appraisals of us. We imagine how other people perceive us and interpret their response and adjust our behavior based on their reaction.
Dramaturgy
Goffman’s dramaturgy approach compares social interaction to the theater, where individuals take on roles and act them out for an audience.
Backstage
Dramaturgy term. Away from others eyes where we practice our performances.
Frontstage
Dramaturgy term. The self we present when we are in front of other people. Which self will depend on the situation.
Culture
Way of life for our group of people. Hard for us to see our own culture. Language, food, music, styles. Culture is learned and passed through generations, not genetic.
Dominant culture
Refers to values, norms, and practices of the group within society that’s most powerful in terms of wealth and status.
Subculture
Group within society that’s differentiated by its distinctive values, norms, and lifestyles. Example – Minnesotan values, sports teams
Counterculture
Group in society rejects and/or actively opposes society’s values and norms. Ex.-KKK
Ethnocentrism
Person uses their own culture as a standard to evaluate another group or individual. Assuming your way of life is better than their way of life.
Cultural relativism
Understand other cultures on their own terms, rather than judging to one’s own culture. Use this to help you see more objectively.
Material culture and Symbolic culture
Material culture – objects associated with a cultural group; tools, machines, utensils, artwork
Symbolic culture – ways of thinking and behaving; communicating through signs, gestures, and language
Sign
(Or symbols) such as a traffic signal or product logo, are used to meaningfully represent something else
Gesture
Signs we make with our body, and gestures and facial expressions; gesturing carries meaning
Values
Shared beliefs of what a group considers desirable, these guide the creation of norms.
Norms
Formal and informal rules regarding what kind of behavior is acceptable and appropriate within a culture. Norms are specific to a culture. Informal Norm is not written down and unspoken.
Code of the streets
A cultural adaptation to: poverty, discrimination in public services, social marginality
- decent families represent middle-class values
- string families are disorganized, self-destructive
- everyone must know the code of the street
- RESPECT-heart of the issue
- to get respect you must fight; toughest individuals survive
4 types of alienation
Bourgeoisie and The proletarian caused the 4 types of alienation.
1) workers are alienated (isolated) from the products of their labor
2) workers are alienated from the labor process. Labor is forced, doesn’t satisfy the worker, it’s only a means, belongs to another.
4) workers are alienated from each other. Other types reflected social relationships. We have fewer friends than ever before.
Status
Status is a social position.
-has to be relevant to some social situations.
-defined in relation to other people.
-Not relevant in all situations
Ex.-mother, compared to a child or father; teacher, compared to the student or principle.
Role
An interrelated (connected) set of expectations for how a person with a status will act.
Role conflict
Incompatibility among rolls that are part of different statuses. Ex.-police officer mother catches son doing drugs.
Role strain
Incompatibility among roles that are part of a single status. Ex.-Manager that balances concern for workers with task requirements.
Ascribed status
Involuntary.
-birth accident
-can’t change easily, if at all
Ex.-age, sex, nationality
Achieved status
Voluntary.
-May reflect personal ability, fault, or choice
Ex.-hockey player, father of two
Master status
Status that usually overshadows all other statuses.
- can be ascribed or achieved
- often most important part of identity
- not the same status from person to person
