Exam #2

Question 1

General Characteristics of Kingdom Animalia

Answer 1

Eukaryotic; heterotrophic; glycogen; sexual reproduction; no cell wall

Question 2

Parazoa (sponges) Eumetazoa (all others)

Answer 2

2 subkingdoms of Kingdom Animalia

Question 3

No organ systems; sac body plan; asymmetrical; hermaphroditic; filter feeders (choanocytes/amoebocytes); sexual/asexual (budding); ciliated larvae

Answer 3

Phylum Porifera

Question 4

Choanocytes (collar cells)

Answer 4

Cells that have flagella that drive water past cell

Question 5

Amoebocytes

Answer 5

Cells that wander the mesophyl (jelly-layer between epidermal cells & choanocytes); stores & distributes food from choanocytes

Question 6

Classification of sponges is based on ________ (produced by amoebocytes)

Answer 6

Spicules

Question 7

Class Calcarea
Class Hexactinellida
Class Demospongiae

Answer 7

Calcium carbonate spicules
Silica spicules
Spongin spicules

Question 8

Definte tissues; radial symmetry; gastrovascular cavity; extracellular digestion; alternate betweeen polyp (sessile) and medusa (free swimming) stage

Answer 8

Phylum Cnidaria

Question 9

Jellylike layer between epidermis & gastrodermis

Answer 9

Mesoglea (Cnidaria)

Question 10

Noncentralized arrangement of neurons in Cnidaria

Answer 10

Nerve Nets

Question 11

Specialized cells unique to phylum Cnidaria that contain a whip-like stinging barb called _________

Answer 11

Cnidocytes; nematocyst

Question 12

Only exists as a polyp and is solitary

Answer 12

Hydra (Class Hydrozoa)

Question 13

Polyp is main stage; medusa for sexual reproduction

Answer 13

Class Hydrozoa

Question 14

Hydrozoan larva

Answer 14

Planula

Question 15

True jellyfish; medusa dominant

Answer 15

Class Scyphozoa

Question 16

Box jellies & sea wasps; sea turtles are predators

Answer 16

Class Cubozoa

Question 17

One of the most deadliest organisms; sea wasp

Answer 17

Chironex fleckeri (Class Cubuzoa)

Question 18

Polyp only stage; corals & sea anemones; zooxanthellae

Answer 18

Class Anthozoa

Question 19

Comb jellies; radial symmetry; cilia for locomotion

Answer 19

Phylum Ctenophora

Question 20

Blastophore = mouth; determinate/spiral cleavage; mesoderm arises from endoderm; coelom arises from split in solid mesoderm

Answer 20

Protostomes

Question 21

Blastopore = anus; indeterminate/radial cleavage; mesoderm arises from endoderm as a pair of pouches from endoderm wall; coelom arises a cavity

Answer 21

Deuterostomes

Question 22

No body cavity between gut and outer covering

Answer 22

Acoelomate

Question 23

Has a body cavity, but not completely lined with mesoderm

Answer 23

Pseudocoelomate

Question 24

Has a body cavity completely lined with mesoderm

Answer 24

Coelomate

Question 25

Flatworms; branched gastrovascular cavity; mesoderm ( 3 germ layers); ganglia nerve chords; acoelomate; protostome

Answer 25

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Question 26

Flukes; parasites

Answer 26

Class Trematoda

Question 27

Tapeworms; scolex (head region); proglottids; 2 or more hosts

Answer 27

Class Cestoda

Question 28

Rotifers; Cell constant; no cell replacement; mastax; parthenogenesis; bilateral symmetry; 3 germ layers; tube-in-tube

Answer 28

Phylum Rotifera

Question 29

Eggs develop without being fertilized by sperm

Answer 29

Parthenogenesis

Question 30

Grinding organ (Phylum Rotifera)

Answer 30

Mastax

Question 31

Round worms; longitudinal muscles; bilateral; 3 germ layers; tube-in-tube Hookworms; pin worms; filaria worms

Answer 31

Phylum Nematoda

Question 32

Obtained from undercooked pork; larva encyst in muscle

Answer 32

Trichinella (Phylum Nematoda)

Question 33

Ribbon worms; bilateral; muscles; 3 germ layers;

Answer 33

Phylum Nemertea

Question 34

5 Characteristics common to most Mollusks

Answer 34

``` Mantle Calcium carbonate shell Visceral mass Radula Muscular foot ```

Question 35

Fold of tissue that drapes over the visceral mass

Answer 35

Mantle (Mollusks)

Question 36

A mass containing most of the internal organs

Answer 36

Visceral mass

Question 37

A "conveyer belt" of teeth used to scrape up food

Answer 37

Radula

Question 38

2nd largest phyla; open circulatory system; all major organ systems; bilateral; tube-in-tube; 3 germ layers; organs present

Answer 38

Phylum Mollusca

Question 39

Chitons; shell segmented (animals is NOT); found in intertidal zone

Answer 39

Class Polyplacophora

Question 40

Mantle is highly vascularized for respiratoin in terrestrial forms; torsion (180 twist in organs during development); snails, whelks, slugs, & nudibranchs Snails

Answer 40

Class Gastropoda

Question 41

No radula; filter feeders; shell divided into 2 halves; clams, oysters, scallops, & mussels

Answer 41

Class Bivalvia

Question 42

Toothshells; look like canine tooth

Answer 42

Class Scaphopoda

Question 43

Only Mollusk with a closed circulatory system; foot is modified into a siphon; capable of learning; camera type eye; octopus; squid, chambered nautilus; cuttlefish

Answer 43

Class Cephalopoda

Question 44

Shell reduced; 10 appendages; head region more triangular

Answer 44

Squid

Question 45

Shell absent, 8 appendages, head region round

Answer 45

Octopus

Question 46

Segmented worms; distinct organ in each segment; circular & longitudinal muscles; closed circulatory system; hemoglobin; hydrostatic skeleton; 3 germ layers; bilateral symmetry; tube-in-tube;

Answer 46

Phylum Annelida

Question 47

Earthworms; improve soil texture; hermaphroditic

Answer 47

Class Oligochaeta (Phylum Annelida)

Question 48

Marine worms and fan worms; parapodia (highly vascularized appendages) used for locomotion and gas exchange

Answer 48

Class Polychaeta (Phylum Annelida)

Question 49

Leeches; parasitic or carnivores; suckers on both ends; fresh water habitat; some feed on blood

Answer 49

Class Hirudinea (Phylum Annelida)

Question 50

1) Dissolve hole in skin 2) Secrete anesthetic 3) secrete hirudin (blood anticoagulant)

Answer 50

How leeches feed on blood

Question 51

Velvet worm; Peripatus (organism); internal segmentation & duplicate organs' no joint legs; jaws derived from appendages; open circulatory system; respiratory system; cuticle from chitin; bilateral

Answer 51

Grouping Onychophora

Question 52

Largest animal phyla; jointed appendages; modified legs; chitin exoskeleton (allows attachment of muscles); molt; fused segments; open circulatory system; bilateral;

Answer 52

Phylum Arthropoda