Exam 2

Question 1

If the Earth´s tilt want 23.5 degrees, how would this change our seasons?

Answer 1

Yes, we wouldn’t have any seasons.

Question 2

Summer solstice

Answer 2

June 21st

Question 3

Winter Solstice

Answer 3

December 21st

Question 4

Vernal Equinox

Answer 4

March 20th

Question 5

Autumnal Equinox

Answer 5

September 22nd

Question 6

What is a moon?

Answer 6

Is an astronomical body that orbits planet earth, being earth´s only natural permanent satellite.

Question 7

Capture Theory

Answer 7

The moon formed elsewhere in the solar system and was captured by Earth.

Question 8

Sister Theory

Answer 8

The moon formed together with (but independent of) Earth, as we believe many moons of the outer planets formed.

Question 9

Fission Theory

Answer 9

The moon was once part of the Earth, but somehow separated from it early in their history.

Question 10

Lunar Eclipse

Answer 10

Lunar eclipses occur on a full moon and the earth blocks the sunlight from the moon.

Question 11

Solar Eclipse

Answer 11

Solar eclipse is when the moon blocks sunlight from reaching earth.

Question 12

Umbra

Answer 12

The area in which the shadow of an object is total, and the area in which a total solar eclipse is experience on earth.

Question 13

Penumbra

Answer 13

The area in which the shadow of an object is partial and the area in which a partial solar eclipse is expirienced on earth.

Question 14

Synchronous Rotation

Answer 14

The moon completes one full rotation in one full revolution around Earth.

Question 15

Difference between neap tide and high tide

Answer 15

The neap tide is after the first quarter and the resulting tides are lower. Because it being pulled out more towards the moon.

Question 16

Kepler‘ first law

Answer 16

Planetary orbits are ellipses.

Question 17

Perihelion

Answer 17

The point I’m the orbit of a planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is closest to the sun.

Question 18

Aphelion

Answer 18

The point in the orbit of planet, asteroid, or comet at which it is furthest from the sun.

Question 19

Eccentricity

Answer 19

The deviation of a curve from being a circle.

Question 20

Kepler’s second law

Answer 20

As the planet moves around its orbit it sweeps out equal areas and equal times.

Question 21

Kepler‘s third law

Answer 21

More distant planets orbit the sun at slower average speeds obeying the relationship.

Question 22

Orbital period

Answer 22

P=orbital period in years

Question 23

Average distance from the sun

Answer 23

A=avg. distance from the sun in AU

Question 24

How are orbital period and average distance related?

Answer 24

P2=A3

Question 25

Newton’s first law

Answer 25

Every object will continue to be in a state of rest or move at a constant speed in a straight line unless it is compelled to change by an outside force.

Question 26

Newton’s second law

Answer 26

The change of motion of a body is proportional to an and in the direction of the force acting on it.

Question 27

Newton’s third law

Answer 27

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 28

Law of gravity

Answer 28

All objects on earth have been experimentally shown to fall with the same acceleration g=9.8 m/s2

Question 29

Order the planets

Answer 29

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune

Question 30

How old is the solar system

Answer 30

4.5 billion years

Question 31

Diff between Terrestrial planets and Jovian planets

Answer 31

Terrestrial planets are relatively small worlds, composed of primarily of rock and metal. Jovian planets are much larger and are composed primarily of lighter ices, liquids, and gases.

Question 32

Other bodies found in the solar system

Answer 32

Near the outer edge of the system lies Pluto which was the first of the distant icy worlds to be discovered beyond Neptune’s orbit. Also, asteroids , comets, and meteors.

Question 33

Asteroid Belt

Answer 33

It is between the terrestrial planets and the Jovian planets.

Question 34

What are meteors, meteorites, and meteoroids?

Answer 34

Meteors are found in earth’s atmosphere Meteorites any piece that strikes the ground Meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic body in outer space

Question 35

Kuiper Belt

Answer 35

A region of the solar system beyond Neptune believed to contain many comets, asteroids, and other small bodies made largely of ice.

Question 36

Comet vs asteroid

Answer 36

Comet is mostly ice, made of frozen gases such as water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Asteroid is made of dust particles

Question 37

Solar system made

Answer 37

Stars and planets form from large clouds of dust and gas.

Question 38

Molecular clouds

Answer 38

Are large dense clouds of gas (mostly hydrogen and dust). Also called a stellar nursery.

Question 39

Protostars

Answer 39

1.Molecular-based core collapses under its own weight.

Question 40

Planetesimals

Answer 40

The in disk particles collide and stick.