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Microbiology > Exam 2- Bac V > Flashcards

Exam 2- Bac V Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Do not cause disease in a healthy host with a healthy immune system

A

Opportunistic pathogens

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2
Q

Are equipped with virulence genes for adherence, invasion, evasion, from the immune system toxin

A

True pathogens

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3
Q

Hospital acquired infections

A

Nosocomial infections

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4
Q

Examples of nosocomial infections

A

MRSA, clostridium difficile

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5
Q

They need a cell to replicate

A

Obligate intracellular pathogens

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6
Q

Examples of obligate intracelluar pathogens

A

Rickettsia, claymidia

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7
Q

They can survive in extracellular and intracellular locations

A

Facultative intracellular pathogens

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8
Q

Staphylococcus

A

Gram + bacteria
Usually in skin
Produces a variety of toxins and virulence factors

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9
Q

S. Aureus

A

G+, mastitis in cows

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10
Q

S. Pseudintermedius

A

G+, dermatitis in dogs

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11
Q

S. Hyicus

A

G+, Greasy pig disease

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12
Q

G+ bacteria that causes abscesses, supportive infections, post surgical infection

A

Pyogenic bacteria

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13
Q

What enzyme coagulates blood plasma, occurs in virulent strains

A

Coagulase

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14
Q

Streptococcus

A

G+ bacteria

They have a capsule, which helps the organism to evade phagocytosis

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15
Q

S. Pyogenes

A

G+, mostly in humans

Has a capsule

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16
Q

S. Agalactiae

A

G+, causes mastitis

Has a capsule

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17
Q

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

A

G+, mastitis

Has a capsule

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18
Q

s. equi subsp

A

G+, equine strangles

Has a capsule

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19
Q

S. equi subsp zooepidemicus

A

G+, normal bacterial flora in horses

Has a capsule

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20
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A

G+ rod, produce endospores, exotoxins, capsule

Use penicillin to treat, has 3 separate proteins encoded on one plasmid, lethal factor

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21
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

Swine erysipelas or diamond skin disease in swine,

Treat with penicillin

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22
Q

Corynebacterium psuedotuberculosis

A
  • causes lymphadenittis

- characterized by access formation in major peripheral lymph nodes, also in spleen

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23
Q

Actinomyces bovis

A
  • pyogranulomatous osteomyelitis
  • lumpy jaw, lesion in mandible
  • cattle
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24
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex

A
  • acid fast + mycolic acid
  • in dairy cows mostly
  • injection into neck or pulse of tail
  • TB test
  • facultative intracellular bacteria
  • cause tuberculosis
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25
M. Bovis
Bovine tuberculosis
26
What causes Johne's disease?
- m. Avium, subsp paratuberculosis - chronic, bad body condition - causes lesions in small intestines
27
Listeria monocytogens
- septicemia, abortion, meningococcal encephalitis - facultative intracellular bacterium - food borne pathogen - uses host actin filaments to travel through cells
28
Examples of Facultative intracellular pathogens
Mycobacterium, listeria monocytogenes
29
Clostridium
G+, histotoxic, invasive, toxigenic clostridium
30
C tetani
- Tetanus-causes lock jaw, spastic paralysis | - infects surgical wounds, puncture wounds, produce tetanus toxins
31
C. septicum
Malignant edema, gas gangrene
32
C. chauvaei
Black leg
33
C. perfringes type D
Enterotoxaemia
34
C. novyi
Black disease
35
C. botulinum
Botulism - produces botulinum toxin, causes flaccid paralysis - not an infection but intoxication with BoNT
36
Groups of Gram - bacteria
Enterobacteriaceae Coliform Escherichia coli Salmonella
37
Enterobacteriaceae
-Present in water, soil, environment and the GI tract of humans and animals
38
Coliform bacteria
-E.coli, Klebsiella, enterobacteria
39
Coliform enumeration
Is performed to evaluate fecal contamination in drinking water
40
__________________ causes neonatal colisepticemia in calves
Escherichia coli
41
Escherichia coli
- neonatal colisepticemia in calves - Edema disease in piglets - in human hemorrhagic enteritis - hemolytic uremic syndrome and kidney failure O157H7
42
Salmonella enterica
- salmonella enterica subsp enterica - >2500 serotypes - Ex: Typhimurium, Newport, enteritis - -Gastroentenitis and systemic diseases
43
Salmonella dublin
Salmonella in cattle
44
Salmonella typhi
In humans- (typhoid fever)
45
Salmonella enteritidis
In chickens | -infects chicken ovaries and transmitted through eggs
46
Actinobaccillus pleuropneumoniae
-fibrinonecrotic pneumonia in pigs
47
Pasteurella multocida + mannheimmia hemolytica
Causes shipping fever pneumonia in cattle
48
Symptoms of Brucellosis:
- may take months after exposure - can be chronic and lost for years - can have similar symptoms to other diseases (fever, sweating, body aches, joint pain, fatigue, weekends, dizziness, headache)
49
Where do Brucellosis survive?
Macrophages
50
Zoonotic diseases
Can be transferred from an animal to a human host
51
Brucellosis abortus
G-, causes premature abortion in cattle fetus
52
Brucellosis melitensis
G-, in ovine causes Malta fever
53
Brucella suis
G-, swine, causes chronic inflammatory lesions in reproductive organs
54
Brucella canis
G-, causes brucellosis in dogs
55
Bordetella bronchiseptica
- kennel cough in dogs - Atropohic rhinitis in swine - mycoplasma app.- arthritis, many other infections
56
Leptospirosis
- spirochete (endoflagella) - multiple reservoir animals - bacteria lives in kidney tubules (can be transmitted through infected urine) - widespread zoonotic diseases
57
Borrelia burgdorferi
- spirochete - causes limes disease - tick vector
58
Mycoplasma pneumonia
-walking pneumonia in humans
59
Mycoplasma
- No cell wall ( no gram-staining) - no peptidoglycan - not susceptible to penicillin - They are the smallest prokaryotic cells capable of self replication - need special media and forms fried egg colonies
60
Rickettsiales
- obligate intracellular bacteria - transmitted through ticks - Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia

Microbiology (9 decks)

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