Exam 2 - ch 12

Question 1

H5N1

Answer 1

Bird flu

Question 2

Pandemic flus are type (A/B/orC)

Answer 2

type A

-humans, pigs, horses, birds

Question 3

H1N1

Answer 3

Swine flu

Question 4

Hospital acquired pneumonia is MC bacterial or viral

Answer 4

Bacterial

• Staph. aureus , E Coli
• 48 hours after hospitalization

Question 5

Lung abscess is localized suppurative necrosis more commonly found on the (Rt/Lt) side

Answer 5

Right side

Question 6

Lung abscess is what type of necrosis

Answer 6

Suppurative (pus)

Question 7

Lung abscess may undergo hematogenous spread leading to (Rt/Lt) sided endocarditis

Answer 7

Right sided endocarditis

-septic embolism

Question 8

MC cause of infectious death

Answer 8

TB

Question 9

T/F Large % of people infected with TB will develop the disease

Answer 9

False, only 3-15%

Question 10

Hallmark sign of TB = small _____ granulomas

Answer 10

small caseous granulomas

Question 11

TB is a type ___ hypersensitivity

Answer 11

4 (delayed)

-cell mediated

Question 12

10% of US test positive for the tuberculin (mantoux) test while ____% of Asian/Africans test positive

Answer 12

80-90%

Question 13

Ghon focus is associated with (primary/secondary) TB

Answer 13

Primary

-ghon focus is sub pleural

Question 14

Systemic Miliary TB is most common in what type of patients

Answer 14

immunosuppressed - HIV

Question 15

MC form of extra pulmonary TB

Answer 15

Lymphadenitis

-Cervical nodes

Question 16

T/F Secondary TB can be asymptomatic if isolated to the lungs or it may be insidious with a low grade afternoon fever, Night Sweats, pleuritis

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Back pain, night sweats, parasthesia, or LE weakness may be symptoms of :

Answer 17

secondary TB/ Potts disease (TB in spine)

Question 18

Cellular gigantism - “owls eye” is characteristic of :

Answer 18

cytomegalovirus HHV-5

Question 19

Cup shaped cysts and silver stain is characteristic of :

Answer 19

pneumocystis pneumonia

• pneumocystis jiroveci
• immunosuppressed AIDs

Question 20

pseudohyphae are associated with

Answer 20

Candidiasis

• candida albicans
• thrush MC
• opportunistic FUNGAL infection

Question 21

Lung tumors are MC malignant or benign

Answer 21

Benign

• coin lesion
• hamartoma= mature cartilage and vessels

Question 22

T/F Primary lung cancer is common and lethal

Answer 22

True

-Bronchial epithelium 95%

Question 23

T/F Pulmonary carcinomas are the MC cause of cancer related deaths

Answer 23

True

Question 24

MC histological subtype of pulmonary carcinomas

Answer 24

adenocarcinoma

Question 25

Lung cancer of the pulmonary apex

Answer 25

Pancoast tumor - MC non small cell lung cancer - destruction of first 2 ribs

Question 26

Pancoast syndrome

Answer 26

pancoast tumor also involving sympathetic ganglia and brachial plexus

Question 27

C8-T2 radicular pain, shoulder pain, and Horner syndrome may be symptoms of

Answer 27

Pancoast syndrome

Question 28

Which has a worse prognosis ; Small cell lung cancer or Non-small cell lung cancer

Answer 28

Small cell lung cancer - 100% mets - likely unresectable - 1 year survival avg

Question 29

Primary or Secondary pleural lesions are MC

Answer 29

Secondary - pleural effusion, pleuritis - emphysema, TB

Question 30

Pleuritis is an example of pleural (exudate/transudate)

Answer 30

Exudate | -protein

Question 31

Hydrothorax is an example of pleural (exudate/transudate)

Answer 31

Transudate | -MC type of pleural effusion

Question 32

MC type of pleural effusion

Answer 32

Hydrothorax | -transudate

Question 33

T/F Pleural lesions are almost always secondary to a lung pathology

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Lung cancer, Pulmonary infarction are examples of pleural (exudate/transudate)

Answer 34

Exudate

Question 35

Whole blood in the pleural cavity

Answer 35

Hemothorax - Lethal - ruptured aortic aneurysm

Question 36

Lymphatic fluid in the pleural cavity

Answer 36

Chylothorax - milky white appearance - major lymphatic obstruction - Intrathoracic cancer

Question 37

Pleural plaques are precursor lesions involved with what condition affecting shipyard workers, insulators, miners

Answer 37

Malignant mesothelioma | -asbestos

Question 38

T/F malignant mesothelioma has a very long latency period

Answer 38

True 25-40 years -Poor prognosis

Question 39

T/F distant mets of malignant mesothelioma is very common

Answer 39

False, rare | -obliterates the pleural space

Question 40

Stridor (high pitched wheezing) and a harsh persistent cough (seal bark) are characteristic of what condition

Answer 40

Croup - Laryngotracheobronchitis | -parainfluenza virus

Question 41

Vocal cord polyps are small round nodules due to chronic irritation commonly seen in which populations

Answer 41

smokers and singers | < 0.5cm

Question 42

Raspberry-like growth <1cm on the vocal cords covered with squamous cells

Answer 42

Laryngeal papilloma | -HPV-6 & -11

Question 43

T/F laryngeal papilloma may recur after excision

Answer 43

True

Question 44

95% of throat cancers are what type

Answer 44

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 45

Males or females more likely to develop carcinoma of the larynx (throat cancer)

Answer 45

Males, 7x

Question 46

1/3 of larynx carcinoma are fatal due to :

Answer 46

Lower respiratory tract infection or widespread mets