exam 2: chapter 28 (client safety) Flashcards
1
Q
what are the factors affecting a client’s safety?
A
- developmental considerations (children, adolescents)
- lifestyle (occupation, risk takers)
- environment (high crime areas)
- knowledge (awareness of safety)
- psychological state (stress, depression)
- mobility
- sensory perception alterations
- ability to communicate
- physical health state
2
Q
what are the risk factors for injury?
A
- lower body weakness
- poor vision
- gait and/or balance issues
- problems with feet and/or shoes
- use of psychoactive medications
- postural dizziness
- hazards in the home (and community)
3
Q
how do we prevent falls in clinical facilities?
A
- hourly patient rounding
- complete risk assessment and communicate if patient at risk
- keep bed low position and locked
- call bell and needed items within reach
- eliminate physical obstacles
- non-skid footwear
- cognitive assessment-report any changes
4
Q
what are 3 safety devices used to prevent falls?
A
- side rails
- locking devices on wheeled equipment
- nonskid slippers
5
Q
what should restraints NOT do?
A
- interfere with physiologic function
- limit physical activity to the point of immobilization
- interfere with respiratory function
6
Q
what are the general guidelines for side rail usage?
A
- must be able to raise and lower rails
- health care facilities must check them for safety
- know your hospital/agency policy
7
Q
what are physical restraint policies?
A
- use least restrictive option first
- not for staff convenience
- long-term care (involves family before using them)
- require written order from physician/licensed independent practitioner (type of restraint, justification, criteria for removal, never a prn)
8
Q
what must you do in an emergency if physical restraints are needed?
A
- get order immediately
9
Q
what are the 3 physical restraints standards?
A
- emergency: order restraints immediately
- monitor and assess pt every hour (know agency guidelines)
- documentation
10
Q
what is required in documentation for physical restraints?
A
- type of restraint
- when it was applied
- alternatives attempted
- pt, family & physician notification
- frequency of assessments (and findings)
- regular intervals of release
- nursing interventions
11
Q
what are some alternative restraints?
A
- toileting schedule
- reduce stimulation
- conceal tubing with gauze
- use of pillows
- bed alarm
12
Q
what does RACE stand for?
A
R- rescue and remove all pt’s from danger
A - activate alarm
C -confine fire by closing doors, turn off O2 and equipment
E - extinguish fire with appropriate extinguisher
13
Q
what do safety event reports/incident reports do?
A
- must be completed after any accident/incident
- describes circumstances of accident/incident
- details pt responses to exam and treatment
- primary concern: pt’s well being
- disclosure to pt - check agency policy
- not part of medical record
