Exam 2 Furcation Involvement

Question 1

What are the Anatomic modifying factors of furcation involvement?

Answer 1

1) Cervical Enamel Projections
2) Enamel Pearls
3) Accessory Canals
4) Root Anatomy (Form, proximity, grooves &concavities, and bifurcation ridges)
5) Root Trunk Length

Question 2

What are the modifying factors of furcation involvement?

Answer 2

1) Anatomic
2) Supervised Neglect
3) Difficult Cleansibility
4) Restorations

Question 3

What are the Facial, Mesial, & Distal furcation measurements for Maxillary Molars ?

Answer 3

F= 4mm
M= 3 mm
D= 5 mm

Question 4

What are the Facial and Lingual furcation measurements for Mandibular Molars ?

Answer 4

F= 3 mm
L= 4mm

Question 5

What are the Mesial & Distal furcation measurements for Maxillary Bicuspids ?

Answer 5

M= 7 mm
D= 7 mm

Question 6

__________ with furcation involvement have a very __________ prognosis because of the root trunk length

Answer 6

• Premolars

- poor

Question 7

Bifurcation ridges are present in __________ of mandibular molars

Answer 7

73%

Question 8

How do you probe a maxillary molar Mesial Furcation?

Answer 8

From the palate

Question 9

T or F. To probe a maxillary molar Distal Furcation you go from the palate?

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is Glickman’s Class I Furcation Involvement?

Answer 10

1) Incipient bone loss

2) Radiographically not evident

Question 11

Class I is defined as incipient (initial) bone ___________ in the _________ opening

Answer 11

• loss

- furca

Question 12

What is Glickman’s Class II Furcation Involvement?

Answer 12

1) PARTIAL bone LOSS
2) Depth will vary: early or advanced (shallow/deep)
3) Radiograph may or may not appear

Question 13

Class II furcation is defined as ___________ bone loss (cul-de-sac)

Answer 13

partial

Question 14

What is Glickman’s Class III Furcation Involvement?

Answer 14

1) Through-and-through
2) Inter-radicular bone is completely absent
3) Radiographic evidence is a usual finding

**There is soft tissue loss

Question 15

A Class III furcation is defined as _______ bone loss with a through-and-through _______ of the __________

Answer 15

• total
• opening
• furca

Question 16

What is Glickman’s Class IV Furcation Involvement?

Answer 16

1) Through-and-through w/ furcation exposure due to gingival recession
2) Almost ALWAYS shows on radiographs

Question 17

A Class IV furcation involvement is the SAME as a Class _________ except the furcation is ____________ due to gingival _____________

Answer 17

• III
• exposed
• recession

Question 18

The HAMP classification does not recognize Class ___________.
The HAMP system Class ______ and _________ are combined

Answer 18

• IV

- III and IV

Question 19

Furcation entrance is more _______ than standard cruet in most ______________

Answer 19

• narrow

- 1st molars

Question 20

What is Grade I cervical enamel projections ?

Answer 20

Distant change in the CEJ that projects toward the furcra

Question 21

What is Grade II cervical enamel projections ?

Answer 21

CEP approaching the furcation

Question 22

What is Grade III cervical enamel projections ?

Answer 22

CEP at the roof of or into the furcation

Question 23

Cervical enamel projections are most common in which molars?

Answer 23

• 28.6% of mandibular molars

- least: 17% of maxillary molars

Question 24

What is the width 80% of the time in a furcation?

Answer 24

Less than 1.0 mm

Question 25

What is the width 58% of the time in a furcation?

Answer 25

Less than 0.75 mm

Question 26

Curette Width is _______

Answer 26

1.25 mm

Question 27

For a Class I, II, and III what is the year for inadequate treatment?

Answer 27

Class I = YEAR 1 Class II = YEAR 4 Class III = YEAR 6

Question 28

CEPs in Greater than ______of isolated mandibular molars with furcation involvement

Answer 28

90%

Question 29

______% association between the presence of CEP and furcation involvement

Answer 29

50%

Question 30

Enamel pearls are most commonly found in which tooth?

Answer 30

75% on third molars 1.1% to 5.7 % of permanent molars

Question 31

What is the % of accessory canals in maxillary 1st molars?

Answer 31

36% *HIGHEST

Question 32

What is the % of accessory canals in mandibular 1st molars?

Answer 32

32%

Question 33

What is the % of accessory canals in mandibular 2nd molars?

Answer 33

24%

Question 34

What is the % of accessory canals in maxillary 2nd molars?

Answer 34

12 % (LOWEST)

Question 35

In non-vital or those w/ pulpitis, accessory canals are often associated w/ __________ ___________ of furcal bone

Answer 35

-Abscess | "blow-outs"

Question 36

The Furcation Problem: 600 treated periodontal patients assigned to maintenance and followed for 22 years. 459, (76%) the majority were calcified as having ________ disease

Answer 36

-Advanced

Question 37

The Furcation Problem: 600 treated periodontal patients assigned to maintenance and followed for 22 years. 99 (17%) had ________ disease

Answer 37

-Intermediate

Question 38

The Furcation Problem: 600 treated periodontal patients assigned to maintenance and followed for 22 years. 42 (7%) were classified as ________ disease

Answer 38

-Early

Question 39

The Furcation Problem: -600 treated periodontal patients assigned to maintenance and followed for 22 years. 499 or 83% of Patients classified according to their response to maintenance therapy were _____________ and lost _____ teeth.

Answer 39

- Well maintened group | - 0 to 3 teeth

Question 40

The Furcation Problem: -600 treated periodontal patients assigned to maintenance and followed for 22 years. 76 or 13 % of Patients classified according to their response to maintenance therapy were _____________ and lost _____ teeth.

Answer 40

- Downhill group | - 4-9 teeth

Question 41

The Furcation Problem: -600 treated periodontal patients assigned to maintenance and followed for 22 years. 24 or 4% of Patients classified according to their response to maintenance therapy were _____________ and lost _____ teeth.

Answer 41

- Extreme downhill | - 10-23 teeth

Question 42

Hirschfeld and Wasserman study: 300 patients lost ______TEETH (50%)

Answer 42

No teeth

Question 43

Hirschfeld and Wasserman study: 199 patients lost _______ teeth (33%)

Answer 43

1-3 teeth

Question 44

Hirschfeld and Wasserman study: 76 patients lost _______ teeth (13%)

Answer 44

4-9 teeth

Question 45

Hirschfeld and Wasserman study: 25 patients lost _______ teeth (4%)

Answer 45

10-23 teeth

Question 46

Hirschfeld and Wasserman study: ____ of teeth with an initial questionable prognosis were lost

Answer 46

31%

Question 47

Hirschfeld and Wasserman study: ______ of molars with initial furcation involvement were lost

Answer 47

31%

Question 48

_______ rooted teeth are maintained longer than _____ teeth

Answer 48

single | multiple

Question 49

Which 2 teeth are least likely to be lost ?

Answer 49

1) Mandibular cuspid #1 | 2) Maxillary cuspid

Question 50

Which 4 teeth are most likely to be lost?

Answer 50

1) Maxillary 2nd molar (#1) 2) Maxillary 1st molar (#2) 3) Mandibular 2nd molar (#3) 4) Mandibular 1st molar (#4)

Question 51

T or F. Mandibular 1st premolar is more likely to be lost than the Mandibular lateral incisor?

Answer 51

False

Question 52

T or F. Maxillary central incisor is more likely to be lost than the maxillary lateral incisor?

Answer 52

False

Question 53

Mandibular 2nd bicuspid or Maxillary central incisor which would be lost first?

Answer 53

Mandibular 2nd bicuspid

Question 54

Maxillary 2nd bicuspid or Mandibular central incisor which is lost first?

Answer 54

Maxillary 2nd bicuspid

Question 55

Maxillary 1st bicuspid vs Mandibular 2nd bicuspid which is lost first?

Answer 55

Maxillary 1st bicuspid