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Study Job > Exam #2 Hip, Shoulder, Knee, Trauma > Flashcards

Exam #2 Hip, Shoulder, Knee, Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What shape would best describe the medial tibial plateau?

A

Concave; at the very top of tibia

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2
Q

Is the lateral tibial plateau the same shape as the medial? Why do you think so?

A

convex/flat. It doesn’t actually connect bone to bone

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3
Q

Is the fibula considered part of the knee joint?

A

No

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4
Q

Which bones compromise the knee joint?

A

Patella, femur, tibia: why the knee is the largest joint in the body

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5
Q

Sciatic nerve bifurcates into 2 nerves. What are they?

A

common peroneal nerve (fibular nerve) and tibial nerve. Tibial goes right behind tibia and peroneal goes alongside the fibula on the lateral side

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6
Q

What muscle group flexes the knee?

A

Hamstrings (semitendinosous, biceps femoris, demimembranosus)

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7
Q

What muscle group extends the knee?

A

Quadriceps

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8
Q

What is the fibula in terms of directional vocab?

A

Lateral

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9
Q

What is the main artery and vein that go behind the tibia?

A

popliteal artery and vein

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10
Q

What comes together to form the acetabulum? (socket)

A

Ilium, Ischium and the pubis

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11
Q

Where do the sciatic nerve and femoral artery come from?

A

sciatic comes from back of hip, femoral artery from the front

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12
Q

What are the four ligaments that make up the knee?

A

ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL

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13
Q

Is synovial fluid vital for joints?

A

Yes, it reduces friction between articular cartilage of joints

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14
Q

Adduction

A

closer to midline

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15
Q

Abduction

A

away from midline

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16
Q

Avascular

A

no blood flow/without blood

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17
Q

Aneural

A

no nerve endings/without nerves

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18
Q

What is both avascular and aneural?

A

Cartilage

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19
Q

What is the alternative for cartilage wearing out?

A

joint replacement

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20
Q

Name the soft tissue structures that attach to the femoral neck:

A

ilifemoral, ischiofemoral, pubofemoral ligaments

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21
Q

Is there another name for the soft tissue structures that attach to the femoral neck?

A

joint capsule “hip capsule”

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22
Q

What muscle group acts to flex the hip?

A

quads flex the hip; hamstrings extend the hip

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23
Q

What does the quadriceps muscle group do for knee movement?

A

quads extend the knee; hamstrings flex it

24
Q

What does ASIS stand for and where is it located?

A

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine: bony landmark to tell you where your hip socket is; top of iliac spine

25
Q

What structure helps to deepen the acetabulum and assists in stabilizing the hip?

A

Labrum

26
Q

In addition to the term “acetabulum”, what other term is commonly used by the surgeon to reference this landmark?

A

socket

27
Q

(T/F) This diaphysis is considered the shaft of the long bone?

A

T

28
Q

What are the 3 components of the long bones?

A

Metaphysis, Epaphysis, Diaphysos

29
Q

(T/F) The tibia and fibula cross over each other like the radius and ulna do

A

F

30
Q

If a bone fractures into 3 or more segments, which is the classification of the fracture?

A

Comminuted

31
Q

A compound fracture is one where the bone protrudes from the individual’s skin. What do we call that fracture today?

A

Open fracture

32
Q

(T/F) The scapula attaches to the thoracic spine.

A

F

33
Q

How many bones compromise the shoulder girdle? What are the names of these bones?

A

3- clavicle, humerus, scapula

34
Q

Where does most the movement in the shoulder girdle occur?

A

glenohumeral joint (humerus)

35
Q

(T/F) The humerus is anteverted to articulate with glenoid, similar to how the femur is positioned with the acetabulum.

A

F- humerus is retroverted

36
Q

Name the rotator cuff muscles

A

supraspinatus, ifraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

37
Q

(T/F) Generally you might expect the glenoid to be positioned with either anteversion or retroversion

A

T- fairly neutral but some people have it will be slightly one way or the other

38
Q

Label the ACL, PCL, MCL, ACL

A

look it up

39
Q

Label the popliteal vein and artery, sciatic nerve, peroneal nerve and tibial nerve

A

look it up

40
Q

Label the Iliofemoral, pubofemoral and ischiofemoral ligaments

A

look it up

41
Q

Label the anterior superior iliac spine

A

look it up

42
Q

Multifragmentary fracture

A

one big segmental piece

43
Q

Antverted

A

forward facing (hip

44
Q

Retroverted

A

backward facing (shoulder)

45
Q

Most commons torn rotator cuff muscle

A

supraspinatus

46
Q

Corticaol bone vrs. cancellous bone

A

outside hard bone, spongy inside bone

47
Q

Displaced fracture

A

bone is no longer in alignment, usually requires surgery

48
Q

non disaplaced fracture

A

bone is still in alignment- casts/splint/brace

49
Q

intra-articular fracture

A

fracture that goes into the joint space, worried now about soft tissue damage

50
Q

extra-articular fracture

A

any fracture outside of the joint space, only worried about the bone

51
Q

Bursa

A

synovial fluid sacs of joints

52
Q

acute injury

A

sudden overload of bone/tissue

53
Q

chronic injury

A

built up over time

54
Q

edema

A

swelling

55
Q

contusion

A

bruising

56
Q

4 steps of bone repair

A
  1. Hematoma 2. Tissue regeneration (soft callus) 3. Tissue regeneration (hard callus) 4. Tissue/bone remodeling
57
Q
A

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