Exam 2 - Jeopardy

Question 1

The nervous system develops from this layer of the embryo

Answer 1

Ectoderm

Question 2

Regions of the dorsal portion of the neural tube will develop into this

Answer 2

Sensory cortex

Question 3

This process, influenced by the environment, makes genes less likely to be expressed

Answer 3

Methylation

Question 4

Increases in postnatal brain size are largely NOT due to this

Answer 4

Development of new neurons

Question 5

Differing rates of synapse elimination across unique brain regions are tied to differing rates of this

Answer 5

Synaptogenesis

Question 6

Most neurons are born in this area of the neural tube

Answer 6

Ventricular zone

Question 7

Radial glia guide new neurons in this process

Answer 7

Migration

Question 8

A substance that causes different patterns of differentiation based on its concentration

Answer 8

Morphogen

Question 9

An influx of these ions within a neuron can induce apoptosis

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

These can prevent axon growth in specific directions

Answer 10

Chemorepellants

Question 11

For most senses, the sensory pathway passes through this structure

Answer 11

Thalamus

Question 12

A sensory receptor that maintains sensitivity to sustained stimulation

Answer 12

Tonic receptor

Question 13

This brain region is involved in the process of attention

Answer 13

Posterior parietal

Question 14

Although you are wearing clothing, you are not focused on or bothered by the sensation of your clothes touching your body due to this process

Answer 14

Adaptation

Question 15

You press the side of your eye and see a blob appear, which is explained by this phenomenon

Answer 15

Labeled lines

Question 16

The sensory organ for touch

Answer 16

Skin

Question 17

Pacinian corpuscles demonstrate this type of adaptation

Answer 17

Fast

Question 18

This onion-like receptor is found in the skin and muscle

Answer 18

Pacinian corpuscle

Question 19

These receptor cells are especially sensitive to stretching of the skin

Answer 19

Ruffini’s endings

Question 20

This type of receptor cell transduces information in the somatosensory system

Answer 20

Mechanoreceptor

Question 21

The tiny bones in the middle ear are collectively known as

Answer 21

Ossicles

Question 22

The swaying of stereocilia in response to sound waves causes an influx of this ion at the base of the hair cell

Answer 22

Calcium

Question 23

The auditory stimulus is transduced into electrical signals by these

Answer 23

Hair cells

Question 24

This form of deafness arises from problems in the middle ear

Answer 24

Conduction deafness

Question 25

These theories offer the best current understanding of the mechanism of pitch perception

Answer 25

Place and temporal coding theories

Question 26

This surrounds the axons of some neurons, speeding conductance of electrical signals

Answer 26

Myelin

Question 27

This portion of the neural tube includes the developing cortex

Answer 27

Telencephalon

Question 28

Synaptogenesis in these areas reach their peak by 12 months of age

Answer 28

Visual and auditory cortices

Question 29

High plasticity within a brain region is expected during these

Answer 29

Sensitive periods

Question 30

Research indicates that differences between identical twins are due to

Answer 30

Experience and gene methylation

Question 31

Newly born cells undergo this after migrating to their new positions

Answer 31

Differentiation

Question 32

This substance is released by neurons and helps target cells maintain connections and survive

Answer 32

Neurotrophic factor

Question 33

A substance that causes cells to differentiate

Answer 33

Inducing factor

Question 34

In neurons undergoing apoptosis, DNA is cut up by these

Answer 34

Caspases

Question 35

Stem cells are induced to develop into neurons when this is inhibited

Answer 35

Bone morphogenetic proteins

Question 36

This is a type of stimulus for which a given sensory system is adapted

Answer 36

Adequate stimulus

Question 37

Adaptation to sustained stimulation is characteristic of these receptors

Answer 37

Phasic receptors

Question 38

This is the process by which sensory information is converted into electrical information for neural communication

Answer 38

Sensory transduction

Question 39

This is the translation of level of stimulus energy into nerve cell impulses

Answer 39

Coding

Question 40

According to this hypothesis, specific nerve cells act as specialists for particular segments of sensory intensities

Answer 40

Range fractionation

Question 41

Adequate stimuli for the sensory system

Answer 41

Pressure/deformation of the skin

Question 42

The threshold of mechanical stimulation to stimulate a Meissner’s corpuscle is

Answer 42

Very low

Question 43

The receptive fields of these receptor cells are large with vague borders

Answer 43

Pacinian corpuscles

Question 44

An individual is unable to detect the movement of objects through their fingers (cannot detect slippage) when these sensory receptors are damaged

Answer 44

Meissner corpuscles

Question 45

In this representation of the somatosensory cortex, the hands and lips are emphasized

Answer 45

Homunculus

Question 46

The stapes connects to this, which causes movement of the round window

Answer 46

Oval window

Question 47

A lack of functional cochlear hair cells results in this

Answer 47

Deafness

Question 48

High-frequency sounds cause the greatest amount of deflection in this area of the basilar membrane

Answer 48

Base

Question 49

Cortical processing of speech and noise differ in this way

Answer 49

Speech activates areas of the auditory cortex that are not activated by noise

Question 50

These theories offer the best current understanding of the mechanism of pitch perception

Answer 50

Place and temporal coding theories