Exam 2 Medications Flashcards
(36 cards)
what medications are used to treat glaucoma?
Timolol and Pilocarpine
how does pilocarpine help glaucoma patients?
constricts the pupil and increases aqueous outflow
how does timolol help patients with glaucoma?
decreases the pressure in the vessels of the eye and increases aqueous outflow
how does metformin work?
decreases glucose made by the liver and increases insulin release
can you drink alcohol while taking metformin?
no
how long should you DC metformin before getting contrast for an MRI?
48 hours
what are some side effects of metformin?
GI upset, hypoglycemia, and on rare occasions metabolic acidosis
what drug class does metformin fall in?
biguanide
what drug class do glipizide and glyburide fall under?
Sulfonylureas
how do glipizide and glyburide work for diabetics?
encourages beta cells to produce more insulin in the pancreas
what are some side effects of glipizide and glyburide?
hypoglycemia, nausea, headache, weight gain
when should you take glipizide and glyburide?
take it before a meal
how does Rosiglitazone work for diabetics?
decreases glucose production in the liver and increases insulin sensitivity
where is glucose stored?
liver
what are some side effects of Rosiglitazone?
hypoglycemia, higher risk of HF, macular edema in the eye, general edema, decreased bone density, weight gain
what diabetic med should you not give to a HF patient?
Rosiglitazone
what drug class does Rosiglitazone fall under?
Thiazolidinediones
what drug class does acarbose fall under?
antidiabetic agents
how does acarbose work
helps with postprandial hypoglycemia….glucose levels after you eat
if you skip a meal should you take acarbose?
no
what are the side effects of acarbose?
hypoglycemia, GI upset and indigestion
what drug class does sitagliptin fall under?
Ddp-4 inhibitors
how does sitagliptin work?
delaying gastric emptying….keeps the food in the stomach for longer…slows the rate of absorption of glucose
what are the side effects of sitagliptin?
risk for pancreatitis and rash
