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A&P LECTURE > Exam 2 Review > Flashcards

Exam 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Two articulations of glenoid cavity

A

Sternoclavicular and acromoclavicular

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2
Q

Sequence of bone fracture healing

A

Inflammatory, repairatory, remodeling

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3
Q

Communited fracture

A

Bone is broken in at least two places

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4
Q

Immediate threat to life for burn patients

A

Infection and fluid loss

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5
Q

Where is pituitary gland

A

Attached to hypothalamus (in skull, okay)

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6
Q

What covers surface of synovial joints

A

Articular cartilage

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7
Q

Define abduction vs adduction

A

AB = away
Ad= toward

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8
Q

Largest and most complex diarthrosis in body

A

The knee

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9
Q

Define a synostosis joint

A

Fusion of two bones

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10
Q

Least movable joints

A

Sutures

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11
Q

Function of PTH

A

Regulation of calcium levels

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12
Q

Most common spinal curvature deformity

A

Scoliosis

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13
Q

Define rickets and osteomalacia

A

Rickets is the softening and weakening of bones in children
Osteomalacia is in both adults and children

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14
Q

Where to find the a bifed spinous process

A

Cleft of spinous process

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15
Q

The three auditory ossicles

A

Malleous, incus, stapes

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16
Q

What is an achomdroplastic dwarf

A

Most common type of short limbed dwarfism

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17
Q

Most superficial skin layer

A

Epidermis. Most superficial layer of epidermis is stratum corneum

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18
Q

Define hirsutism

A

Excessive hair growth

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19
Q

What type of tissue is osseous tissue

A

Bone connective tissue

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20
Q

Processes of the axis vertebrae

A

The transverse and spinous

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21
Q

Tissue found in the most superficial layer of the skin

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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22
Q

What is a bursa

A

Fluid filled sac often countering friction at a joint. (If you are hugging a workout ball and rolling around on it, you are patella, workout ball is bursa)

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23
Q

The proximal radioulnar joint is what type of joint

A

Pivot joint

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24
Q

Bones making up the antebrachium

A

Ulna and radius

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25
Q

ABCD rule

A

For skin cancer
Asymmetry, border, color, diameter

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26
Q

Where to find a symphysis joint

A

Body to body ex. Vertebra

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27
Q

Ca+ plays a role in what functions

A

Muscle contraction, blood clotting, nerve conduction

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28
Q

What glands secrete the oil on your scalp

A

Sebaceous glands

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29
Q

What nome articulates with the acetabulum

A

Femur

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30
Q

Function of osteoblasts

A

Build bone

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31
Q

Average number of bones in human adults

A

206

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32
Q

The primary causes of differences in skin colors

A

The speed at which melanocytes synthesize melanin?? (Check later)

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33
Q

Name the types of synovial joints

A

Ball and socket, pivot, saddle, plane, condyloid, hinge,

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34
Q

Define hematoma

A

A bruise - a pool of mostly clotted blood that forms in an organ, tissue, or body space, usually as a result of trauma

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35
Q

Where to find hyoid bone

A

In neck

36
Q

Intrnrsmrois ossification produces what

A

Bones??? To fuse?? (Confirm)

37
Q

Bones making up the palm of the hand

A

Metacarpals

38
Q

Manubrium is part of what bone

A

The sternum

39
Q

The largest intervertebral disks

A

L4 and L5

40
Q

Meniscus is found where

A

Fibrocartilage between surface of some joints. Most notably the knee.

41
Q

What are fontanelle

A

Babies soft spots on their heads. Between skull plates before they’ve fused.

42
Q

What is a sesamoid bone

A

Embedded within muscles or tendon, close to joint

43
Q

Layers of epidermis

A

Deep to superficial: Basale, Spinosum, Granulosum, Luciderm, Corneum. (Boys Say Girls Look Cute)

44
Q

Deepens hop socket and stabilizes the joint

A

Labrum

45
Q

What’s a 3rd degree burn

A

Deeper than skin, fries nerve tissue, skin is completely gone, body is at total risk

46
Q

Bones upon which we sit

A

(she said ischial tuberosity????) Femur, ischium

47
Q

Cause of osteoporosis

A

Low calcium, lack of osteoblasts, lack of estrogen (menopause). Genetics. Eating disorders.

48
Q

What happens when disks herniate

A

When inside fluid gets pinched by going out of the inside part. Between vertebra. (WTF CONFIRM)

49
Q

Define appositional growth

A

Bones growing in diameter

50
Q

Cells largely responsible for skin color

A

Melanocytes

51
Q

Most common none disease

A

Osteoporosis

52
Q

What’s the lanugo coat

A

Hair that fetuses/newborns have

53
Q

What are osteogenic cells

A

Stem cells in bone that help with bone repair

54
Q

What stimulates the release of PTH

A

Low calcium levels

55
Q

The most stable joint

A

Sutures

56
Q

Hypoglycemia causes what

A

Calcium deficiencies in blood stream

57
Q

What determines the range of motion in a joint

A

The type of joint (ball & socket etc)

58
Q

When arrector muscles contract in humans this causes what

A

To stand up straight (arrector pili)

59
Q

Know the weight bearing bones

A

Tibia,femur

60
Q

What tissue primarily makes up the hypodermis

A

Adipose tissue

61
Q

What makes up the cortex of a long bones diaphysis

A

The medullary cavity

62
Q

Define pathological fractures

A

Bone broken because of disease

63
Q

What is the epomychium

A

The cuticle

64
Q

The cause of bone elongation

A

Cartilage turning into bone, aging, hormones

65
Q

Who has more bones, adults or newborns

A

Newborns

66
Q

What layer would a subcutaneous injection be done

A

Hypodermis (hence hypodermic needle)

67
Q

Difference between male and female pelvis

A

Sacrum in females is much longer. Pelvic inlet is wide and rounded in females.

68
Q

Ligaments of shoulder

A

Acromioclavicular, coracoclavicular inferior GHL etc I gotta look these up

69
Q

Baby being born passes through

A

Pelvic outlet

70
Q

The acromion is found where

A

Scapula

71
Q

Define Wolff’s law

A

Bone becomes stronger to adapt to heavier load

72
Q

What bone cell has the most lysosomes

A

White blood cells

73
Q

Define inversion vs eversion

A

Inversion is in, eversion is out

74
Q

What’s is resorption

A

Absorption of cells or tissue into the circulatory system

75
Q

A hole in a bone is called what

A

A foramen

76
Q

Most moveable joint

A

Ball and socket (hip)

77
Q

Define mole

A

Benign growth on the skin formed by a cluster of melanocytes

78
Q

Least common but most deadly skin cancer

A

Melanoma

79
Q

Define arthrology

A

Study of joints

80
Q

Bones of the pectoral girdle

A

Clavicle and scapula

81
Q

Most lateral bone of forearm

A

Radius

82
Q

Define sutures

A

An immovable junction between two bones (skull)

83
Q

Classification of burns

A

1st: superficial layer
2nd: blisters
3rd: skin is gone

84
Q

What layer does a second degree burn involve

A

The dermis

85
Q

When a child gets a break, breaking which part will cause the bone to not grow anymore?

A

Epiphyseal plate

A&P LECTURE (4 decks)

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