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Perio Final > Exam #2 Review > Flashcards

Exam #2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

Loe and Silness Gingival Index

A 
0 = Normal
1 = Mild inflammation, slight color change and edema, no bleeding
2 = Moderate inflammation, redness, edema, bleeds on probing
3 = Severe inflammation, marked redness and edema, ulceration, spontaneous bleeding
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2
Q

Loe and Silness Plaque Index

A 
0 = No plaque
1 = A film of plaque adhereing to the FGM and adjacent area of the tooth.  This plaque may only be seen by using the probe to scrape it
2 = Moderate accumulation of soft deposits within the gingival pocket, or the tooth and the gingival margin which can be seen with the naked eye
3 = Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pockets and or on the tooth and gingival margin
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3
Q

How to do a PSR

A

Go by sextants and check depths with CIPTN

If you have a score of 3 in a quad, stop and do a full perio exam

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4
Q

PSR Codes

A 
0 = Colored area visible, no calc or defective margins, no BoP
1 = Colored area visible, no calc or defective margins, BoP present
2 = Colored area visible, calc or defective margins present, BoP can be present
3 = Colored area partially visible, calc and CoP may or may not be visible
4 = Colored area not visible
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5
Q

O’Leary Index

A

Put a disclosing agent in the mouth, rinse, and count the red surfaces
Teeth have 4 surfaces, MLDF

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6
Q

NIDR Calculus Inex

A 
0 = no calc
1 = supragingival calculus, but none subgingivial
2 = Supragingival and subgingival calculus OR just subgingival calculus
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7
Q

Reliability

A

If you run a test on the same patient multiple times, how likely you are to get the same result

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8
Q

Sensitivity

A

When disease is present, how likely you are to detect it

If its high, you won’t get false negatives

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9
Q

Specificity

A

When disease is not present, how likely you are to say its absent
If its high, you won’t get false positives

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10
Q

Predictive Value Positive

A

The probability of disease in a subject with a positive test result

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11
Q

Predictive Value Negative

A

The probability of no disease in a subject with a negative result

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12
Q

Herpetic Lesion syptoms

A

Painful gingivitis with redness
Ulcerations with serofibrinous exudate
Edema accompanied by stomatitis

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13
Q

Herpetic lesions Characterisitics

A

Incubation period is one week
Formation of vesicles, which rupture, coalesce, and leave fibrin-coated ulcers
Healing within 10-14 days

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14
Q

Recurrent HSV

A

Common presentation = herpes labialis
On vermillion border and/or adjacent to it
Intra-oral ulcers in attached gingiva and hard palate

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15
Q

Recurrent HSV treatmet

A

Limit bacterial superinfection (careful plaque control)

Can use antivials in immunocompromised patients

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16
Q

Herpes Zoster

A

Varicella zoster virus causes chicken pox
Small ulcers on the tongue, palate, and gingiva
Latent in the dorsal root ganglion
Unilateral lesions
2nd and 3rd branch of the trigeminal ganglion

17
Q

Thrush

A

Candida albicans
Acquired during birth
Pseudomembranous/erosive lesions

18
Q

Thrush Predisposing conditions

A 
Antibiotics
Immunosuppresion
Malnutrition
HIV
Diabetes
19
Q

Thrush oral locations

A

Can be just about anywhere

20
Q

Thrush clinical manifestations

A

Pseudomembranous candidosis = white plaque

Erythematous candidosis = looks like gingivitis

21
Q

Thrush diagnosis and treatment

A

via clinical signs and symptoms
Microscopic exam of smear - can be misleading
Correct predisposing factors and give antifungals

22
Q

Lichen planus

A 
Oral involvement alone is uncommon
Dangerous because it has premalignant potential
Characteristic skin lesions
Varied clinical appearances
Any area of the oral mucosa
23
Q

Lichen planus Histopathology

A

Subepithelial band-like accumulation of lymphocytes
Characteristics of a type IV hypersensitivity
Fibrin in the basement membrane
Accumulation/Deposits of IgM, C3, C4, C5

24
Q

Pemphigoid

A

Autoantibody reactions against hemidesmosomes and lamina lucida components
Detachment of the epithelium from the CT
Compliment-mediated cell destructive process may be involved in the pathogenesis
Deposits of C3, IgG, and other Ig’s

25
Q

Pemphigus

A

Formation of intraepithelial bullae in skin and mucous membrane
Strong genetic background (especially Jewish and Mediterainian)
Painful desquamative lesions, erosions, or ulcerations
Chronic course with recurrent bulla formation
Ciruclating autoantibodies against interepithelial adhesion molecules

26
Q

Acanthylosis

A

Canthus layer
Another name for Stratum spinosum (because it has bridges or ‘canthae’)
Breakdown of the spinous bridges

27
Q

Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

A

Adolscents or young adults, smokers, adn individuals under stress
Pain, ulceration, and necrosis of the interdentinal papillae
Bleeding

28
Q

Predisposing factors for NUG

A

Systemic disease like ulcerative colitis, blood dyscrasias, and nutritional deficiencies
Abnormalities of WBC functions
AIDS

29
Q

NUG Treatment

A

OHI
Mechanical debridement
Systemic antibiotic treatment
Surgical correction of gingival destruction

30
Q

Fibroma/Fibrous hyperplasia

A

A focal fibrous hyperplasia caused by irritation
Sessile, well-circumscribed smooth surface nodules
Cell poor, hyperplastic collagenous tissue
May show hyperkeratinization
Differential diagnosis - giant cell fibroma

31
Q

Pyogenic granuloma

A

Ulcerated
Near gingival margin
Reddish or bluish, sometimes lobulated, sessile, or pedunculated
Bleeding is common
Highly vascular with chornic inflammatory cells

32
Q

Peripheral giant cell granuloma

A

Anywhere in the gingival mucosa
Focal collection of multi-nucleated, osteoclast-like giant cells with a richly cellular and vascular stoma separated by collagenous septa
Probably originated from PDL

33
Q

Periapical cemental dysplasia

A

Fibrous, osseous cemental lesions
Tooth is usually vital
Usually no symptoms
Periapical bone is replaced by fibroblastic tissue through a cementoblastic phase

34
Q

Papilloma

A

Four or five different types of papiloma are present
Exophytic, pedunculated, or sessile lesions
Reddis or whitish gray in color
HPV common

35
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

7% of osteosarcomas occur in the jaw
Clinical and radiographic exams are required
Widening of the PDL is common

Perio Final (7 decks)

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