Exam 2: Short IDS

Question 1

Decius

Answer 1

Emperor (249-251)
1. Ordered all citizens to posess a Libellus
2. Dispute in his time about “The Lapsed”

Question 2

Libellus

Answer 2

A written slip that verified whether an individual had sacrificed to an altar.

During Decius.

Question 3

Cyprian of Carthage

Answer 3

During a schism between Carthage & Rome, he was leader in Carthage.
Issue regarding baptism by schismatic leaders.

Question 4

Stephen of Rome

Answer 4

Opponent of Cyprian of Carthage

Carried out Donatus’ agenda.
- SCHISMASTIC LEADERS NOT ALLOWED BACK
- Invalid sacrament if done by invalid bishop

Question 5

Diocletian

Answer 5

Starts Great Persection of 303

Question 6

Galerius

Answer 6

Constantine acclaimed Augustus (Emperor) by his soldiers but was only recognized as Caesar (Heir to Emperor) by Galerius

Question 7

Constantinus (d. 306)

Answer 7

The father of Constantine?

Question 8

Great Persecution

Answer 8

303-313

Question 9

Constantine

Answer 9

The emperor that institutionalized Christianity. He promoted it through legalization.

Sol Invictus & Ambiguity of his Christianization (erects a statue to Sun God with his own face).

Commitment to Faith:
1. Generous gifts to charity
2. laws invoke Christian principles

Question 10

Maxentius

Question 11

Battle of the Milvan Bridge

Answer 11

313 CE -
Chi-Rho on Coins & Battle Gear

A turning point in Constantine’s conversion.

Question 12

Licinius

Question 13

Edict of Milan (313)

Answer 13

Tolerance of all faiths.
Formally ends Great Persecution (303-313)

Question 14

Donatus (Donatists)

Answer 14

Leader of very strict sect

About the validity of the sacrament & baptism by schismatic leaders.

Did not allow Lapsed traitors (that gave away sacred texts) to re-enter to his church.

Question 15

Old Latin Bible

Answer 15

Really literal translation of the Greek bible to Latin. Hated by Jerome & Augustine

Question 16

Vulgate

Answer 16

an updated version of Old Latin Bible (Pre-Vulgate).

Question 17

Cicero, Hortensius

Answer 17

Fear of becoming a cicerian (Jerome)

Question 18

Faustus

Answer 18

Leader of Manicheans (scientific religious sect), disappointed Augustine

Question 19

Academics (Skeptics)

Answer 19

Radically questioning everything (originated from Plato).

Question 20

Neo-Platonism

Answer 20

–

Question 21

Plotinus

Answer 21

Father of Neo-Platonism

Question 22

Hippo

Answer 22

Where Augstine became Bishop in 395

Question 23

Porphryry

Question 24

Circumcellions

Question 25

Macarius

Question 26

Council of Arles (314)

Answer 26

Start of the Donatus Controversy - where both Rome & Carthage were against them - STORY: a bishop who may have been a traitor in the persecution was providing the sacrament.

Question 27

Pelagius

Question 28

Celestius

Question 29

filoque clause

Question 30

Sol Invictus (Unconquered Son)

Answer 30

Religion with similar iconography as Christiantiy. Allowed Constantine to convert easier. Controversy: Had christian advisors present in 312

Question 31

Great Persectution (303)

Answer 31

Started under Diocletian

Question 32

Arian Controversy

Answer 32

Debate surrounding the relative position of the trinity. Spread to Germanic regions in 4th & 5th cent. Homo-eusious (Of one substance)

Question 33

Constantinus (337-361)

Question 34

Julian the Apostate

Answer 34

Became emperor 360, regressed away from christianity.

Question 35

Theodosius

Answer 35

Christian Emperor. 1. Ambrose wrote a Eulogy for his Children: "On the Death of Theodosius) 2. Theodosius the II described the Code -- Laws increasing rights of Christians. 3. Worried abt Arians.

Question 36

Ambrose of Milan

Answer 36

Bishop of Milan. -A lauded Bishop by Augustine & his mother. -Was able to disuade Augustine from his Manichean fever. -concerned abt bringing food & wine to shrines.

Question 37

Manicheanism

Answer 37

Founded in the 3rd century around a prophet, Mani. Prophet of a new religion Claimed to be reincarnation of Jesus, Zoroaster and Buddha “an apostle of Jesus Christ”

Question 38

Monasticism

Answer 38

Askesis = discipline in sports. --- monk= one who lives in community or isolation. holy man = respected and visited monk. saint = relics/blessing/intercelestial translation. Either an individual (anchorites) or group (cenobites)

Question 39

anchorites

Answer 39

anchoresis = withdrawal.

Question 40

Antony

Answer 40

Born to wealthy Christian parents, later retreated to desert, 2 mountains

Question 41

cenobites

Answer 41

koinos bios = common life.

Question 42

Pachomius

Answer 42

Got converted to christianity in the military. Made his own monk community with strict rules.

Question 43

Agapetae

Answer 43

Male and Female monks together.

Question 44

Symeon the Stylite

Answer 44

on poles

Question 45

Jerome

Answer 45

worked primarily with women. wrote to Eustochium on the importance of virginity.

Question 46

Athanasius of Alexandria

Answer 46

Anti-Arian but also controlled East.

Question 47

Pelagia

Question 48

Thagaste

Answer 48

Augustine's childhood town

Question 49

Madauros

Question 50

Monica

Answer 50

Mother of Augustine, Stuggled with alcoholism in youth. Very pious women. Loved Ambrose

Question 51

Adeodatus

Question 52

Alypius

Answer 52

Close friend of Augustine. Abstained from Sex, but loved gladiator games at the collesium.

Question 53

Cassicacum

Answer 53

A place where Augustine had a retreat.

Question 54

Dura-Europus

Answer 54

A melting pot of Hellenic, Roman and Parthian influence.

Question 55

basilica

Question 56

refrigerum

Answer 56

Eat & gather at cemetery -- sometimes on Saints Day.

Question 57

Old St. Peter's Basilica

Question 58

Egeria

Answer 58

Travelled extensively, and wrote a detailed description of her travels.

Question 59

Aelia Capitolina

Answer 59

New name of jerusalem.

Question 60

King Abgar V

Answer 60

King who talked to Jesus "Lord" (in Egeria's diary)

Question 61

Edessa

Answer 61

Capital where King Abgar V ruled.

Question 62

Ulfila

Answer 62

Created gothic alphabet, and brought Arian Christianity to Gothics

Question 63

Vandals

Question 64

Alaric

Question 65

Benedict (Benedictine Rule)

Answer 65

A culumination of earlier monastic trend (similar to pachomius').

Question 66

Sozomen

Answer 66

Theorized that the Church's History of Christianization mainly stemmed from the queen, then king, then the people.

Question 67

Shapur II

Answer 67

Persecuted in Sassidian region

Question 68

Axumites

Question 69

Tarbo (Tarboula)

Question 70

b'nay qyama

Question 71

Posi (Pousikes)`

Question 72

Guhshtazad (Ousthazades)