Exam 2 Terms Flashcards
(29 cards)
Trace Conditioning Definition
CS (conditioned stimulus) begins and ends before US (unconditioned stimulus) is presented
Delayed Conditioning Definition
CS (conditioned stimulus) and US (unconditioned stimulus) overlap
Simultaneous Conditioning Definition
CS (conditioned stimulus) and US (unconditioned stimulus) coincide exactly
Backward Conditioning Definition
CS (conditioned stimulus) follows the US (unconditioned stimulus)
Temporal Conditioning Definition
the US (unconditioned stimulus) is simply presented at regular intervals without any other CS (conditioned stimulus). the CS (conditioned stimulus) is therefore the “passage of time”
Temporal Coding Definition
association between the CS (conditioned stimulus) and US (unconditioned stimulus), but also come to know when to expect the presentation of the US (unconditioned stimulus)
Excitatory Conditioning Definition
CS (conditioned stimulus) signals the occurrence of a US (unconditioned stimulus)
Inhibitory Conditioning Definition
CS (conditioned stimulus) signals
Compound Stimulus Definition
two or more stimuli are presented at the same time. often when more than one stimulus is presented, conditioning only happens to one stimulus …
Latent Inhibition (preexposure effect) Definition
occurs when an individual has had prior exposure to a stimulus without the US (unconditioned stimulus). prior experience with a stimulus makes it more difficult for it to become a CS (conditioned stimulus)
Sensory Preconditioning Definition
two stimuli often appear together and become associated. a learned response to one lead to the same response to the other
Disinhibition Definition
if a novel stimulus is presented during extinction trials, responding can return
External Inhibition Definition
presentation of a novel stimulus at the same time as the CS (conditioned stimulus) will lead to a decrease in the CR (conditioned response). the novel stimulus inhibits the CR (conditioned response)
Conditioned Suppression Defintion
instances of an animal’s normal behavior decrease int he presence of a stimulus
Stimulus Generalization Definition
a stimulus similar to the CS (conditioned stimulus) also elicits a CR (conditioned response)
Stimulus Discrimination Definition
individuals learn to respond to one specific CS (conditioned stimulus), and not the other, similar stimuli
Stimulus Substitution Theory Definition
states the CS (conditioned stimulus) substitutes for the US (unconditioned stimulus), and the CR (conditioned response) is essentially the same as the UR (unconditioned response)
Preparatory Response Model Definition
states that the purpose of the CR (conditioned response) is to prepare the organism for the US (unconditioned stimulus). this models allows for differences in the CR (conditioned response) and UR (unconditioned response)
US Revaluation Definition
exposure to a US (unconditioned stimulus) of a different intensity than the US (unconditioned stimulus) used during conditioning can lead to heightened responses
Systematic Desensitization Definition
the fear-inducing stimulus is imagined or encountered while relaxed
Selective Sensitization Definition
unrelated stressful events can increase reactivity to a fearful stimuli
Flooding Definition
prolonged exposure to something feared (fear factor)
Voyeuristic Disorder
watching people without their knowledge
Exhibitionistic Disorder
displaying genitals to another person without consent
