exam 2 (updated lol) Flashcards
1
Q
a- / an-
A
not, without, lacking, deficient
2
Q
amphi- / ampho-
A
on both sides, both, around
3
Q
ana-
A
up, back, against
4
Q
anti- / ant-
A
against, opposed to, preventing, releiving
5
Q
apo-
A
away from
6
Q
cata- / cat-
A
downward, disordered
7
Q
di- / dis-
A
two, twice, double
8
Q
dia- / di-
A
through, across, apart
9
Q
dys-
A
difficult, painful, defective, abnormal
10
Q
ec- / ex-
A
out of, away from
11
Q
ecto- / ect-
A
outside of
12
Q
en- / em-
A
in, into, within
13
Q
endo- / ento- // end-, ent-
A
within
14
Q
epi- / ep-
A
upon, over, above
15
Q
eso-
A
within, inner, inward
16
Q
eu-
A
good, normal, healthy, [true]
17
Q
exo-
A
outside of, from the outside, toward the outside
18
Q
hemi-
A
half, partial; one side of the body
19
Q
heter- / hetero-
A
different, other, relationship to another
20
Q
homo- / homeo-
A
same, alike
21
Q
hyper-
A
over, above, excessive, beyond normal
22
Q
hypo- / hyp-
A
under, deficient, below normal
23
Q
meta- / met-
A
change, transformation, after, behind
24
Q
mono- / mon-
A
one, single
25
para- / par-
alongside, around, abnormal, beyond
26
peri-
around, surrounding
27
pro-
before (temporal or position)
28
pros- / prosth-
in place of
29
syn- / sym-
with, together, joined
30
-a
n. state, condition
31
-ac
adj. pertaining to, located in
32
-ia
n. state, condition
33
-iac
n. person suffering with...
34
-iasis
n. disease, abnormal condition / presence of
35
[-lithiasis]
n. formation and/or presence of calculi
36
-ic
adj. pertaining to, located in // n. drug, agent
37
-in / -ine
n. substance name
38
-ist
n. a person interested in
39
-itic
adj. pertaining to inflammation
40
-itis
n. inflammation, inflamed condition
41
-itides
n. plural of -itis
42
-ium / -eum
n. membrane, connective tissue; region of the body
43
-ma (-mat-)
n. abnormal / diseased condition
44
-osis*
n. abnormal / diseased condition
45
-otic
adj. (adj. form of -osis)
46
-sia
n. state, condition
47
-sis
n. state, condition, process, procedure
48
-tic
adj. (adj. form of -sis) // n. a person suffering from..
49
-y
n. state, condition, quality, process, procedure
50
-logy
n. study of...
51
-logist
n. a person who studies...
52
-malacia
n. a softening of tissues
53
-sclerosis
n. a hardening of tissues
54
-stenosis
n. a narrowing of (a part of the body)
55
-toxic
adj. poisonous to...
56
-toxin
n. substance poisonous to...
57
-meter
n. an instrument for measuring
58
-al
adj. pertaining to, located in
59
-ase
n. enzyme name
60
-asia / -asis
n. state, condition
61
-ema (-emat-)
n. state, condition
62
-esis
n. state, condition, procedure
63
-etic
adj. pertaining to (often adj. form of -esis)
64
-ics
n. science, field of study
65
-ism
n. state, condition, quality
66
-ismus
n. state, condition, muscle spasm
67
-oid / -ode / -id
adj. resembling... // n. a thing resembling
68
-oma [pl. -omata] (-omat-)
n. tumor, disease
69
-ose
adj. full of, resembling // n. a sugar
70
-ous
adj. pertaining to, full of
71
-tics
n. science, field of study
72
-us
n. condition, person (rarely a malformed fetus)
73
-ize
v. to make, to become, to cause to be, to engage in
74
-ate
n. chemical name
75
-ide
n. chemical name
76
-ite
n. chemical name
77
-one
n. chemical name
78
-cystis
n. bladder, cyst
79
acanth-
thorn, spine
80
alg-
pain
81
alges-
sensitivity to pain
82
all-
other, divergence, difference from
83
angi-
(blood) vessel, duct
84
arteri-
[air passage] artery
85
arthr-
joint
86
bi-
life
87
brady-
slow
88
cardi-
heart
89
cephal-
head
90
crani-
skull
91
cyt-
cell
92
encephal-
brain
93
erythr-
red, red blood cell
94
lept-
thin, fine, slight
95
leuk-
white, white blood cell
96
lith-
stone, calculus
97
log-
word, study
98
malac-
soft
99
mes-
middle, secondary, partial, mesentery
100
metr-
measure, measuring device
101
nephr-
kidney
102
neur-
nerve, nervous system
103
oste-
bone
104
prax-
act, action
105
prot-
first, primitive, early
106
scler-
hard
107
sten-
narrow
108
stere-
solid, having 3 dimensions
109
tachy-
rapid, fast
110
tox(i)-
poison
111
acr-
extremities
112
ambly-
dull, faint
113
carcin-
cancer, tumor, swelling
114
-cel-
hernia, tumor, swelling
115
cheir- / chir-
hand
116
chol(e)-
bile, gall
117
col(i)- / colon-
colon
118
cyan-
blue
119
cyst(i)-
bladder, cyst
120
diplo-
double, twin
121
enter-
(small) intestine
122
erg-
action, work
123
gastr-
stomach
124
hem- / hemat- / -em-
blood
125
hepar- / hepat-
liver
126
lip-
fat
127
macr-
(abnormally) large or long
128
mega- / megal-
(abnormally) large or long
129
melan-
black
130
micr-
(abnormally) small
131
nyct-
night
132
odyn-
pain
133
-onc
tumor
134
pachy-
thick
135
pseud-
false
136
py-
pus
137
sarc-
flesh, soft tissue
138
spasm-
spasm, involuntary muscular contraction
139
splen-
spleen
140
stom- / stomat-
mouth, opening
141
arachn-
spider, web; arachnoid membrane
142
chlor-
green
143
chondr-
cartilage
144
dactyl-
finger, toe
145
derm(at)- / -derma
skin
146
(h)elc-
ulcer
147
hidr(o)- , -idr-
sweat
148
hist(i)-
tissue
149
hydr-
water, fluid
150
hypn-
sleep
151
icter-
jaundice
152
in- , inos-
fiber, muscle
153
is-
equal, same, similar, alike
154
mening- / meninx
meningeal membrane, meninges (tissues around the brain)
155
my(s)-
muscle
156
myc(et)-
fungus
157
myel-
bone marrow, spinal cord
158
narc-
stupor, numbness
159
necr-
corpse, dead
160
olig-
few, deficient
161
onych-
fingernail, toenail
162
pod-
foot
163
poli-
gray matter of brain and spinal cord
164
poly-
many, excessive
165
por-
passage, opening, duct, pore, cavity
166
psych-
mind
167
stom(at)- / -soma
body
168
sthen-
strength
169
trachel-
neck, cervix
170
xanth-
yellow
171
aut-
self
172
crin-
secret, secretion
173
esthe(s)-
sensation, sensitivity, sense
174
gen(e)- / -gen
come into being, produce
175
gram-
a record
176
graph-
write, record
177
iatr-
healer, physician; treatment
178
idi-
concerning the self, of one's self
179
kine- / kines-
move / movement, motion
180
ly(s)-
destroy, break down
181
myx-
mucus
182
orth-
straight, erect; normal
183
ot-
ear
184
path-
disease
185
phil-
love, an affinity for
186
pt-
fall, sag, drop, prolapse
187
pyr-
fever, burning
188
pyret-
fever
189
pyrex-
being feverish
190
rhe-
flow, secrete
191
rhag-
flow profusely
192
rhex-
hemorrhage rupture
193
rhin-
nose
194
scop-
look at, examine
195
sep-
infected
196
ta-
stretching
197
tel-
end, completion
198
ten- / tenon(t)-
tendon
199
therap(eu)-
treat medically, heal
200
tom-
a cutting, slice, incision
201
ton-
(of muscles) tone, tension
202
-ectasia / -ectasis
n. dilation, enlargement
203
-ectomy
n. surgical removal / excision; removal of all (or part) of an organ
204
-gen
n. a substance that produces...
205
-genesis
n. the formation, origin
206
-genic / -genous
adj. causing, producing, caused by, produced by or in
207
-gram
n. a record of the activity of an organ
208
-graph
n. an instrument for recording the activity of an organ
209
-graphy
n. the recording of the activity of an organ
210
-lysis
n. dissolution, disintegration, decomposition, breaking down
211
-lytic
adj. pertaining to dissolution, etc.
212
-pathy
n. disease
213
-ptosis
n. dropping, sagging, prolapse (of an organ or body part)
214
-rrhagia
n. profuse discharge, hemorrhage
215
-rrhea
n. profuse discharge, excessive secretion
216
-rrhexis
n. bursting (of tissues), rupture
217
-scope
n. an instrument for examining...
218
-scopy
n. the act of examining...
219
-tome
n. surgical instrument for cutting
220
-tomy
n. surgical incision
221
acou(s)- / acu(s)-
hear
222
amni-
fetal membrane, amniotic sac, amnion
223
asc- / ascit-
bladder, sac, bag
224
bar-
weight, pressure
225
cente-
pierce
226
chrom- / chroma- / chromat-
color, pigment
227
dips-
thirst
228
echo-
reverberating sound, echo
229
edema- / edemat-
swelling
230
eme-
vomit
231
gno(s)-
know
232
lal-
talk
233
lapar-
abdomen, abdominal wall
234
lex-
read, (act of reading)
235
mne-
remember
236
ne-
new
237
no-
mind, mental activity, comprehension
238
orec- / orex-
having an appetite
239
ox(y)-
acute, pointed; rapid; acid; oxygen
240
pha-
speak, communicate
241
phag-
swallow, eat, consume
242
pharmac(eu)-
medicine, drug
243
phem-
speech
244
phob-
fear, aversion towards
245
phon-
voice, sound
246
phras-
speak
247
phren-
mind; diaphragm
248
phylac-
protection (against disease)
249
phys(i)-
nature, appearance
250
phyt-
plant (organism), growth
251
poie-
produce, make
252
prosop-
face
253
sapr-
rotten, putrid, decaying
254
stear- / steat-
fat, sebum, sebaceous glands
255
andr-
man, male
256
ankyl- , ancyl-
fused, stiffened; hooked, crooked
257
aphrodis(i) -
sexual desire
258
brachy-
short
259
crypt-
hidden, latent
260
dem-
people, population
261
dolich-
long, narrow, slender
262
drom-
a running
263
er- , erot-
sexual desire
264
gyn(ec) -
woman, female
265
helmint(h)-
(intestinal) worm
266
nemat-
thread (worm)
267
nos-
disease, illness
268
odont-
tooth
269
pali(n)-
back (direction), again
270
pan(t)-
all, entire, every
271
phor-
bearing, carrying
272
phos-, phot-
light, daylight
273
plec- , pleg-
to strike, to paralyze
274
r(h)achi-
spine
275
schiz- , schist- , -schisis
split, cleft, fissure
276
spondyl-
vertebra
277
-staxis, -staxia
dripping, oozing (of blood)
278
than(at)-
death
279
the-
to place, to put
280
trich-
hair
281
troph-
nourishment
282
aden-
gland
283
aer-
air, gas
284
blenn-
mucus
285
cel(i)-
abdomen
286
ch(e)il-
lip
287
chron-
time
288
cla(s)- , -clast
to destroy, to break (up, apart, down)
289
-desis
binding
290
desm-
ligament, connective tissue
291
dynam-
force, power, energy
292
ger-
old age
293
gnath-
(lower) jaw
294
isch- , -sche-
to suppress, to check
295
klept-
to steal
296
lei-
smooth
297
lep-
attack, seizure
298
man-
to be mad (crazed)
299
mel-
limb
300
morph-
form, shape
301
nom-
law
302
omphal-
navel, umbilicus, belly button
303
ped-
child
304
pen-
decrease, dificiency
305
-pex-
fixing, (surgical) attachment
306
plas(t)-
to form, to develop
307
presby-
old, old age
308
prostat-
prostate gland
309
pty-
to spit
310
ptyal-
saliva, spit
311
-rrhaph-
to suture
312
sit-
food
313
sta(t)-
to stand, to stop
314
tax-
(msucular) coordination
315
therm-
heat, (body) temperature
316
trop-
to turn / a turning
317
ab-
away from
318
ad-
to, towards
319
ambi-
both
320
ante-
before, forward
321
bi-
two, twice, double, both
322
circum-
around
323
con-
with, together; thoroughly, very
324
contra-
against, opposite
325
de-
down, away from, absent
326
dis-
apart, away
327
ex-
out of, away from
328
extra-
on the outside; beyond
329
infra-
below, beneath
330
inter-
between
331
intra-
within
332
mult-
many, much; affecting many parts
333
ob-
against, toward; very, thoroughly
334
per-
through (direction); very, thoroughly
335
post-
after, following, behind
336
pre-
before, in front of
337
pro-
forward, in front
338
re-
back (direction), again
339
retro-
backward, in back, behind
340
se-
apart, away from
341
semi-
half, partial
342
sub-
under, below (direction)
343
super-
over, above (direction); excessively, extremely
344
trans-
across, through (direction)
345
ultra-
beyond, excessively
346
in-
in, into
not
very, thoroguhly
347
-al
pertaining to
348
-an
pertaining to, located in
349
-ar
pertaining to, located in
350
-arium
a place for
351
-ary
a place for; pertaining to
352
-ate
having the form of, possessing
353
-ia
state, quality, condition
354
-ian
an expert in a field of study
355
-ic
pertaining to
356
-id
pertaining to
357
-ile
pertaining to, capable of
358
-ine
pertaining to, located in
359
-ive
pertaining to
360
-lent
full of
361
-ose
full of
362
-ous
full of
363
-ty
state, quality, condition
364
-y
state, quality, condition
365
-ad
indicates direction towards
366
-cle / -culus
small
367
-ella / -ellum
small
368
-il / -illa
small
369
-ola / -olus
small
370
-ule / -ulus
small
371
uni-
one
372
bi- . bin- , bis-
two, twice, double, both
373
tri-
three
374
quadr-
four
375
quint-
five, fifth
376
sex- , sext-
six, sixth
377
sept-
seven
378
oct- , octa-
eight
379
non-
nine, ninth
380
dec- , deca-
ten, tenth, one-tenth
381
abdomin-
belly, abdomen
382
adip-
fat
383
aur-
ear
384
bacill-
bacillus bacteria
385
burs-
bursa (fluid sac in joints)
386
calc-
stone, calcium, lime (salt)
387
calor-
heat, energy
388
capit-
head
389
cerebr-
brain
390
cost-
rib
391
dent-
tooth
392
dors-
back (of body)
393
extern-
outer
394
fibr-
fiber, filament
395
fistul-
fistula, abnormal tubelike passage
396
frig- , frigor-
cold
397
insul-
island, insulin
398
intern-
inner
399
meat-
passage, opening
400
nas-
nose
401
pur-
pus
402
radic- , rad- , radix
root
403
ren-
kidney
404
sangui(n)
blood
405
son-
sound
406
synov-
synovial fluid / membrane (in joints)
407
tub-
tube
408
tuss-
cough
409
vacc- , vaccin-
cow; vaccine
410
vir- , virus-
virus, powerful
411
viscus- , viscer-
internal organ(s)
412
-able
capable of (being), able to
413
-ation
action or process, the act of (being), the result of (being)
414
-ce
the act of being, the state of being
415
-cy
the act of being, the state of being
416
-ible
capable of being, able to
417
-id
in a state or condition of
418
-ile
capable of being, able to
419
-ion
the act of
420
-ive
pertaining to
421
-ment
an agent or instrument
422
-or
an agent or instrument
423
-orium / -arium
a place for
424
-ory / -ary
pertaining to / a place for
425
-ure / -ura
result of an action
426
anter-
front, in front
427
brachi-
(upper) arm
428
-cid- , -cis-
to cut, to kill
429
-cip- , -cept-
to take
430
cresc- , -cret-
(to begin) to grow
431
digit-
finger, toe
432
duc- , duct-
to lead, to bring, to conduct
433
fac- , -fic- , -fect
to make
434
faci- , -fici- , facies
face, appearance
435
febr- , febris
fever
436
fer- , lat-
to bring, to carry, to bear
437
flect- , -flex-
to bend
438
fung-
fungus
439
fus-
to pour
440
genit-
to bring forth, to produce
441
ger- , gest-
to carry, to bear
442
immun(i)-
safe, protected
443
inferior-
below
444
lab- , laps-
to slip, to fall
445
later-
side
446
or- , os-
mouth
447
oss-
bone
448
pedicul-
louse (pl. lice)
449
poster- , posterior
behind, in back
450
sect-
to cut
451
somn-
sleep
452
stabil- , stabl-
stable, fixed
453
superior-
above
454
tum(e)
to be swollen
455
-sc-
(forms inceptive verb) to begin to
456
sagittal / medial plane
right and left halves
457
frontal / coronal plane
front and back halves
458
transverse / horizontal / axial plane
top and bottom halves (at navel)
