Exam 2 - Upper Limb Arteries

Question 1

Internal thoracic a. - origin

Answer 1

inferior surface of first part of subclavian a.

Question 2

Thyrocervical trunk a. - origin

Answer 2

anterior surface of first part of subclavian a.

Question 3

internal thoracic a. - course

Answer 3

• descends, inclining anteromedially
• posterior to sternal end of clavicle and 1st costal cartilage
• enters thorax

Question 4

Thyrocervical trunk a. - course

Answer 4

• ascends as a short, stout trunk

- gives rise to 4 branches: suprascap., ascending cervical, inferior thyroid a.’s, and cervicodorsal trunk

Question 5

Suprascapular a. - origin

Answer 5

thyrocervical trunk

Question 6

Suprascapular a. - course

Answer 6

• passes inferolaterally crossing anterior scalene muscle, phrenic n., subclavian a., and brachial plexus running laterally posterior and parallel to clavicle
• then passes over transverse scap. ligament to supraspinous fossa
• then lateral to scap. spine (deep to acromion) to infraspinous fossa on posterior surface of scap.

Question 7

Superior thoracic a. - origin

Answer 7

first part (as a branch) of axillary a.

Question 8

Thoraco-acromial a. - origin

Answer 8

second part (first branch) of axillary a.

Question 9

Lateral thoracic a. - origin

Answer 9

second part (second branch) of axillary a.

Question 10

Circumflex humeral (ant. and post.) a. - origin

Answer 10

third part (sometimes via a common trunk) of axillary a.

Question 11

Subscapular a. - origin

Answer 11

third part (largest branch of any part) of axillary a.

Question 12

Superior thoracic a. - course

Answer 12

• runs anteromedially along superior border of pec. minor
• then passes between it and pec. major to thoracic wall
• helps supply 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces and superior part of serratus anterior

Question 13

Thoraco-acromial a. - course

Answer 13

• curls around superomedial border of pec. minor
• pierces costacoracoid membrane
• divides into 4 branches: pectoral, deltoid, acromial, and clavicular

Question 14

Lateral thoracic a. - course

Answer 14

• descends along axillary border of pec. minor

- follows it onto thoracic wall, supplying lateral aspect of breast

Question 15

Circumflex humeral (ant. and post.) a. - course

Answer 15

• encircle surgical neck of humerus, anastomosing with each other laterally
• larger posterior branch traverses quadrangular space

Question 16

Subscapular a. - course

Answer 16

• descends from level of inferior border of subscapularis along lateral border of scap.
• dividing within 2-3 cm into terminal branches: circumflex scap. a. and thoracodorsal a.

Question 17

Circumflex scapular a. - origin

Answer 17

subscapular a.

Question 18

Thoracodorsal a. - origin

Answer 18

subscapular a.

Question 19

Circumflex scapular a. - course

Answer 19

• curves around lateral border of scap. to enter infraspinous fossa, anastomosing with suprascap. a.

Question 20

Thoracodorsal a. - course

Answer 20

• continues course of subscapular a., descending with thoracodorsal n. to enter apex of Latissimus dorsi

Question 21

Profunda brachii a. (deep artery of arm) - origin

Answer 21

near its origin of brachial a.

Question 22

Superior ulnar collateral a. - origin

Answer 22

near middle of arm of brachial a.

Question 23

Inferior ulnar collateral a. - origin

Answer 23

superior to medial epicondyle of humerus of brachial a.

Question 24

Profunda brachii a. - course

Answer 24

• accompanies radial n. along radial groove of humerus

- supplying posterior compartment of arm and participating in periarticular arterial anastomoses around elbow joint

Question 25

Superior ulnar collateral a. - course

Answer 25

- accompanies ulnar n. to posterior aspect of elbow | - anastomoses with posterior ulnar recurrent a.

Question 26

Inferior ulnar collateral a. - course

Answer 26

-passes anterior to medial epicondyle of humerus to anastomoses with anterior ulnar collateral a.

Question 27

Dorsal scapular n. - origin

Answer 27

- posterior aspect of anterior ramus of C5 | - frequent contribution from C4

Question 28

Dorsal scapular n. - course

Answer 28

- pierces middle scalene | - descends deep to levator scap and rhomboids

Question 29

Dorsal scapular n. - structures innervated

Answer 29

- rhomboids | - occasionally levator scap

Question 30

Long thoracic n. - origin

Answer 30

posterior aspect of anterior rami of C5-C7

Question 31

Long thoracic n. - course

Answer 31

- passes through cervico-axillary canal, descending posterior to C8 and T1 roots of plexus (anterior rami) - runs inferiorly on superficial surface of serratus anterior

Question 32

Long thoracic n. - structures innervated

Answer 32

serratus anterior

Question 33

Suprascapular n. - origin

Answer 33

- superior trunk, receiving fibers from C5-6, and often C4

Question 34

Suprascapular n. - course

Answer 34

- passes laterally across lateral cervical region (posterior triangle of neck), superior to brachial plexus - then through scapular notch inferior to superior transverse scapular ligament

Question 35

Suprascapular n. - structures innervated

Answer 35

- supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles | - glenohumeral joint

Question 36

Subclavian n. - origin

Answer 36

superior trunk, receiving fibers from C5-6, and often C4

Question 37

Subclavian n. - course

Answer 37

- descends posterior to clavicle and anterior to brachial plexus and subclavian a. - often giving an accessory root to phrenic n.

Question 38

Subclavian n. - structures innervated

Answer 38

- subclavius and SC joint (accessory phrenic root innervates diaphragm)

Question 39

Lateral pectoral n. - origin

Answer 39

side branch of lateral cord, receiving fibers from C5-C7

Question 40

Lateral pectoral n. - course

Answer 40

- pierces costocoracoid membrane to reach deep surface of pectoral muscles - a communicating branch to medial pectoral n. passes anterior to axillary a. and v.

Question 41

Lateral pectoral n. - structures innervated

Answer 41

- primarily pec major | - some fibers pass to pec. minor via branch to medial pectoral n.

Question 42

Musculocutaneous n. - origin

Answer 42

terminal branch of lateral cord, receiving fibers from C5-C7

Question 43

Musculocutaneous n. - course

Answer 43

- exits axilla by piercing coracobrachialis - descends between biceps brachii and brachialis and supplying both - continues as lateral cutaneous n. of forearm