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Music > Exam 2016 > Flashcards

Exam 2016 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a string orchestra

A

Only strings

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2
Q

What is a dance orchestra

A

String , woodwind , percussion

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3
Q

What is a symphony orchestra

A

Large strings , woodwind , brass , percussion

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4
Q

How can size of an orchestra vary

A

Small chamber of 15-40 player to symphony orchestra or 100

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5
Q

What is the music written on

A

A score

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6
Q

Who are full scores used by

A

Conductor , shows all the music for the instruments together

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7
Q

What does each instrument have

A

Their own copy of music of their part , rather then all instruments

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8
Q

What are full scores

A

Instruments grouped together by section

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9
Q

What is the violin section divided into

A

1st and 2nd violins

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10
Q

Who is the leader of the orchestra

A

The leader of the first Violion section , sits in front to assist conductor

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11
Q

Describe the violin

A

Smallest member of the strings
Bow is a stick with horsehair stretched tightly across it
As the bow is drawn across strings makes them vibrate
Picking is pizzicato
Music written in g treble clef

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12
Q

Explain the viola

A

Larger then violin made in same way

Music written in alto clef , except high notes in treble

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13
Q

Explain the harp

A

Largest range , very high and very low notes
Pluck strings or play several strings to produce chords
Some strings different colour to guide player
Fast , rippling sound is glissando

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14
Q

Explain a cello

A

Looks like violin but shorter neck , lower pitch , much larger
Sit in chair , cello between knees , neck on left shoulder
Written in bass clef , tenor clef used for high notes

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15
Q

Explain the double bass

A

Lowest sounding member
Jazz , dance bands , orchestra
1.8m high , sit on stool or stand
Written in bass clef , sounds an octave lower them written

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16
Q

Explain the flute and piccolo

A

Flute is straight tube with holes , piccolo looks like flute , smaller
Metal including silver and gold
Piccolo octave higher then flute , written octave lower
Played sideways by blowing
Fingers open and close holes with changes pitch

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17
Q

Explain the clarinet

A

Long cylinderical back tube with metal keys
Single reed
Sound produced by blowing , opening and closing holes - pitch
Used in jazz bands

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18
Q

Explain the oboe

A 
Long cylinderical black tube with metal keys , looks like clarinet except the mouthpiece 
Double reed ( 2 pieces of wood , flat straw)
Mouthpiece in mouth then blown , reeds vibrate producing sound
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19
Q

Explain the bassoon

A 
Largest member of woodwind family 
Long metal tube folded in half with metal keys 
2 tubes joint by U shaped tube 
4 sections -2.4 m stretched 
Double reed
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20
Q

Explain the trumpet

A

Cylinderical tube 1.2 m
Small cup shaped mouthpiece and 3 valves
Jazz and orchestra
Louis almostrong , miles Davis

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21
Q

Explain the trombone

A 
Tubing is 2,5 m 
Deep cup shaped mouthpiece 
Only brass instrument with a slide 
Jazz and symphonic orchestra 
Don lusher
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22
Q

Explain the French horn

A

Tubing is 3.6 m
Funnel shaped mouthpiece , 3 rotary valves
Not used in Jazz
Dennis brain - 1950s car crash

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23
Q

Explain the tuba

A 
Tubing is 4,5 m 
Large cup shaped mouthpiece 
Occasionally in Jazz
3 or 4 valves 
Herbie flowers
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24
Q

Explain percussion

A

Shaken or hit

Tuned and untuned

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25
Q

What are untuned percussion

A

Cannot play melody , as don’t produce pitch or note sound

Creates rythem or effects

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26
Q

Explain the tambourine

A

Wood / metal hoop with skin stretched tightly across it
Metal disks makes jingly
Originated in Middle East , but used in western music for centuries

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27
Q

Explain castanets

A

Originated in Spain , used in music with Spanish flavor

Sound produced by clicking two pieces of hollowed out wood between the fingers

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28
Q

Explain the snare drum

A

Military bands

Drumsticks

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29
Q

Explain the trouble

A

Steel bar bent into a triangle

When hit by metal beater produces bright , clear sound

30
Q

Explain the sleigh bells

A

Dinstinctive tinkling sound

Especially in large number

31
Q

Explain the cymbal

A

Often used for dramatic effect

32
Q

What are tuned percussion

A

Capable of playing a melody

33
Q

Explain the marimba

A

Kalimba

Keys of Marimba ( wooden) struck with mallats

34
Q

Explain the glockenspiel

A

Made of metal ( German)

Rubber , plastic , metal keys used to strike bars - produces High bell like sound

35
Q

Explain the timpani / kettle drum

A

Large drums tuned to different pitches
Main difficulty is its hard to change pitch fast
Skin/ membrane stretched tightly across a frame
Tightening or loosening alters the pitch
Loosening = lowered
Pedal to change pitch

36
Q

Why do conductors use a baton

A

To keep in time

Good conductor uses basic movements to lead orchestra

37
Q

What does the conductor do with the other hand

A

Movements to encourage loud , soft , magestic , graceful
Used to brung in different instruments
Uses face to show expression

38
Q

Explain 2 beats in a bar

A

Starting at the top the first best is indicated by a vertical stroke downwards , second best the baton is returned to starting position by upwards vertical movement

39
Q

Explain 3 beats in a bar

A

Starting at the top , the first beat is indicated downwards , second beat baton moved horizontally outside , third beat baton moved diagonally up an left returning to starting point

40
Q

Explain four beats in a bar

A

Starting at the top , first beat indicated by vertical stroke downwards
Second beat moved horizontally inwards , third beat baton moved horizontally outwards in a long movement which takes the baton past the point below starting position , fourth best baton is moved diagonally returning to starting point

41
Q

What is a musical

A

A theatre work that combines music , song , spoken dialogue and dance

42
Q

Through what do we see emotional content , humor , pathos , love , anger , as well as the story

A

Words , music , movement , technical aspects of the entertainment as a integrated whole

43
Q

What theatres are there in gauteng

A

State theatre , montecasino

44
Q

What theatres are in Cape Town

A

Artscape , Baxter theatre

45
Q

What theatres are in Bloemfontein

A

Sand du pressis

46
Q

What theatres are in Natal ,gauteng , Cape Town

A

Barnyard theatre

47
Q

Name 6 famous musicals

A

Footloose , Oklahoma , west side story , Chicago , les miserabls, rent

48
Q

What are some South African musicals

A

District six , crocodiles , animals

49
Q

Who was district six by

A

David Kramer and taliep Peterson

50
Q

What was crocodiles based on

A

Well known novel crocodile Burning by Michael Williams’s

51
Q

Who did the music for crocodiles

A

Bheki Mkhwane

52
Q

Who arranged crocodiles

A

John Walton

53
Q

Who wrote the text of crocodiles

A

Michael Williams

54
Q

Who wrote animals

A

Van der Walt , Williams , Stephenson

55
Q

What is animals an adaption of

A

George or wells classical novel animal farm

56
Q

Name 6 words to describe mood

A

Dramatic , lively , bright , powerful , emotional , gentle

57
Q

Who wrote the music of Joseph and the amazing technicolor dream coat

A

Andrew Lloyd Webber

58
Q

Who wrote the lyrics of Joseph and the amazing technicolor dream coat

A

Tim Rice

59
Q

Who was Andrew Lloyd web beds father

A

William , the director of London college of music

60
Q

Who was Andrew Lloyd webbed mother

A

A piano teacher

61
Q

When did Andrew start playing the piano

A

When he was 3 , his mother noted he only wanted to play his own tunes

62
Q

What are some of Andrew Lloyd Webbers most famous musicals

A

Cats , phantom of the opera , Joseph and the technicolor dream coat, evita

63
Q

What is cats based on

A

A series of poems by T.S Elliot called Old Possums book of practical cats

64
Q

When and where was cats first opening

A

West end in 1981

65
Q

How long was cats on Broadway for

A

Broadway production for 18years

66
Q

Who directed cats

A

Trever nun

67
Q

Who choreographed cats

A

Gillian Lyne

68
Q

How does cats have great visual effects

A

The make up and clothing

69
Q

What is a famous song for Joseph and the technicolor dream coat

A

Any dream will do

70
Q

Define the term orchestra

A

A large group of musicians playing different instruments who all perform the same piece

Music (4 decks)

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