Exam 2016

Question 1

What is a string orchestra

Answer 1

Only strings

Question 2

What is a dance orchestra

Answer 2

String , woodwind , percussion

Question 3

What is a symphony orchestra

Answer 3

Large strings , woodwind , brass , percussion

Question 4

How can size of an orchestra vary

Answer 4

Small chamber of 15-40 player to symphony orchestra or 100

Question 5

What is the music written on

Answer 5

A score

Question 6

Who are full scores used by

Answer 6

Conductor , shows all the music for the instruments together

Question 7

What does each instrument have

Answer 7

Their own copy of music of their part , rather then all instruments

Question 8

What are full scores

Answer 8

Instruments grouped together by section

Question 9

What is the violin section divided into

Answer 9

1st and 2nd violins

Question 10

Who is the leader of the orchestra

Answer 10

The leader of the first Violion section , sits in front to assist conductor

Question 11

Describe the violin

Answer 11

Smallest member of the strings
Bow is a stick with horsehair stretched tightly across it
As the bow is drawn across strings makes them vibrate
Picking is pizzicato
Music written in g treble clef

Question 12

Explain the viola

Answer 12

Larger then violin made in same way

Music written in alto clef , except high notes in treble

Question 13

Explain the harp

Answer 13

Largest range , very high and very low notes
Pluck strings or play several strings to produce chords
Some strings different colour to guide player
Fast , rippling sound is glissando

Question 14

Explain a cello

Answer 14

Looks like violin but shorter neck , lower pitch , much larger
Sit in chair , cello between knees , neck on left shoulder
Written in bass clef , tenor clef used for high notes

Question 15

Explain the double bass

Answer 15

Lowest sounding member
Jazz , dance bands , orchestra
1.8m high , sit on stool or stand
Written in bass clef , sounds an octave lower them written

Question 16

Explain the flute and piccolo

Answer 16

Flute is straight tube with holes , piccolo looks like flute , smaller
Metal including silver and gold
Piccolo octave higher then flute , written octave lower
Played sideways by blowing
Fingers open and close holes with changes pitch

Question 17

Explain the clarinet

Answer 17

Long cylinderical back tube with metal keys
Single reed
Sound produced by blowing , opening and closing holes - pitch
Used in jazz bands

Question 18

Explain the oboe

Answer 18

Long cylinderical black tube with metal keys , looks like clarinet except the mouthpiece 
Double reed ( 2 pieces of wood , flat straw)
Mouthpiece in mouth then blown , reeds vibrate producing sound

Question 19

Explain the bassoon

Answer 19

Largest member of woodwind family 
Long metal tube folded in half with metal keys 
2 tubes joint by U shaped tube 
4 sections -2.4 m stretched 
Double reed

Question 20

Explain the trumpet

Answer 20

Cylinderical tube 1.2 m
Small cup shaped mouthpiece and 3 valves
Jazz and orchestra
Louis almostrong , miles Davis

Question 21

Explain the trombone

Answer 21

Tubing is 2,5 m 
Deep cup shaped mouthpiece 
Only brass instrument with a slide 
Jazz and symphonic orchestra 
Don lusher

Question 22

Explain the French horn

Answer 22

Tubing is 3.6 m
Funnel shaped mouthpiece , 3 rotary valves
Not used in Jazz
Dennis brain - 1950s car crash

Question 23

Explain the tuba

Answer 23

Tubing is 4,5 m 
Large cup shaped mouthpiece 
Occasionally in Jazz
3 or 4 valves 
Herbie flowers

Question 24

Explain percussion

Answer 24

Shaken or hit

Tuned and untuned

Question 25

What are untuned percussion

Answer 25

Cannot play melody , as don't produce pitch or note sound | Creates rythem or effects

Question 26

Explain the tambourine

Answer 26

Wood / metal hoop with skin stretched tightly across it Metal disks makes jingly Originated in Middle East , but used in western music for centuries

Question 27

Explain castanets

Answer 27

Originated in Spain , used in music with Spanish flavor | Sound produced by clicking two pieces of hollowed out wood between the fingers

Question 28

Explain the snare drum

Answer 28

Military bands | Drumsticks

Question 29

Explain the trouble

Answer 29

Steel bar bent into a triangle | When hit by metal beater produces bright , clear sound

Question 30

Explain the sleigh bells

Answer 30

Dinstinctive tinkling sound | Especially in large number

Question 31

Explain the cymbal

Answer 31

Often used for dramatic effect

Question 32

What are tuned percussion

Answer 32

Capable of playing a melody

Question 33

Explain the marimba

Answer 33

Kalimba | Keys of Marimba ( wooden) struck with mallats

Question 34

Explain the glockenspiel

Answer 34

Made of metal ( German) | Rubber , plastic , metal keys used to strike bars - produces High bell like sound

Question 35

Explain the timpani / kettle drum

Answer 35

Large drums tuned to different pitches Main difficulty is its hard to change pitch fast Skin/ membrane stretched tightly across a frame Tightening or loosening alters the pitch Loosening = lowered Pedal to change pitch

Question 36

Why do conductors use a baton

Answer 36

To keep in time | Good conductor uses basic movements to lead orchestra

Question 37

What does the conductor do with the other hand

Answer 37

Movements to encourage loud , soft , magestic , graceful Used to brung in different instruments Uses face to show expression

Question 38

Explain 2 beats in a bar

Answer 38

Starting at the top the first best is indicated by a vertical stroke downwards , second best the baton is returned to starting position by upwards vertical movement

Question 39

Explain 3 beats in a bar

Answer 39

Starting at the top , the first beat is indicated downwards , second beat baton moved horizontally outside , third beat baton moved diagonally up an left returning to starting point

Question 40

Explain four beats in a bar

Answer 40

Starting at the top , first beat indicated by vertical stroke downwards Second beat moved horizontally inwards , third beat baton moved horizontally outwards in a long movement which takes the baton past the point below starting position , fourth best baton is moved diagonally returning to starting point

Question 41

What is a musical

Answer 41

A theatre work that combines music , song , spoken dialogue and dance

Question 42

Through what do we see emotional content , humor , pathos , love , anger , as well as the story

Answer 42

Words , music , movement , technical aspects of the entertainment as a integrated whole

Question 43

What theatres are there in gauteng

Answer 43

State theatre , montecasino

Question 44

What theatres are in Cape Town

Answer 44

Artscape , Baxter theatre

Question 45

What theatres are in Bloemfontein

Answer 45

Sand du pressis

Question 46

What theatres are in Natal ,gauteng , Cape Town

Answer 46

Barnyard theatre

Question 47

Name 6 famous musicals

Answer 47

Footloose , Oklahoma , west side story , Chicago , les miserabls, rent

Question 48

What are some South African musicals

Answer 48

District six , crocodiles , animals

Question 49

Who was district six by

Answer 49

David Kramer and taliep Peterson

Question 50

What was crocodiles based on

Answer 50

Well known novel crocodile Burning by Michael Williams's

Question 51

Who did the music for crocodiles

Answer 51

Bheki Mkhwane

Question 52

Who arranged crocodiles

Answer 52

John Walton

Question 53

Who wrote the text of crocodiles

Answer 53

Michael Williams

Question 54

Who wrote animals

Answer 54

Van der Walt , Williams , Stephenson

Question 55

What is animals an adaption of

Answer 55

George or wells classical novel animal farm

Question 56

Name 6 words to describe mood

Answer 56

Dramatic , lively , bright , powerful , emotional , gentle

Question 57

Who wrote the music of Joseph and the amazing technicolor dream coat

Answer 57

Andrew Lloyd Webber

Question 58

Who wrote the lyrics of Joseph and the amazing technicolor dream coat

Answer 58

Tim Rice

Question 59

Who was Andrew Lloyd web beds father

Answer 59

William , the director of London college of music

Question 60

Who was Andrew Lloyd webbed mother

Answer 60

A piano teacher

Question 61

When did Andrew start playing the piano

Answer 61

When he was 3 , his mother noted he only wanted to play his own tunes

Question 62

What are some of Andrew Lloyd Webbers most famous musicals

Answer 62

Cats , phantom of the opera , Joseph and the technicolor dream coat, evita

Question 63

What is cats based on

Answer 63

A series of poems by T.S Elliot called Old Possums book of practical cats

Question 64

When and where was cats first opening

Answer 64

West end in 1981

Question 65

How long was cats on Broadway for

Answer 65

Broadway production for 18years

Question 66

Who directed cats

Answer 66

Trever nun

Question 67

Who choreographed cats

Answer 67

Gillian Lyne

Question 68

How does cats have great visual effects

Answer 68

The make up and clothing

Question 69

What is a famous song for Joseph and the technicolor dream coat

Answer 69

Any dream will do

Question 70

Define the term orchestra

Answer 70

A large group of musicians playing different instruments who all perform the same piece