Exam Flashcards
(163 cards)
1
Q
The code of Hammurabi
When did It happen
Where was it
What did it do?
A
1) 1792 B.C.E
2) Mesopotamia
3) 300 laws were set and written on a pillar. The punishments given were based on social class.
2
Q
Athenian democracy
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) 500-300 B.C.E
2) Early Greece
3) the citizen of Athens created a direct democracy where all men over 18 could participate in government
3
Q
Roman Law (12 tables)
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) 450 B.C.E
2) Ancient Rome
3) A set of laws were made up dealing with property disputes and other things. They were written on bronze and wooden tablets.
4
Q
Magna Carta
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) 1215 A.D.
2) Medieval Europe
3) it separated the power to the nobles of king John and made it so the king couldn’t just make decisions.
5
Q
Iroquois Confederacy
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) 1400-1600 A.D.
2) Canada
3) the five nations joined together and were joined by another to form the six nations confederacy. They each had there own council but they also had a grand counsel of all the tribes.
6
Q
English Civil-War
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) 1600’s
2) England
3) it forced the government to look after the people’s peace, property, and liberty.
7
Q
U.S. revolution
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) the late 1700s
2) the U.S.A.
3) it promised Americans life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
8
Q
The French Revolution
When
Where
What did it do?
A
1) 1789
2) France
3) the third estate or lower classes removed the monarchy and privileges from the upper classes.
9
Q
Canada is viewed by other nations as what?
A
One of the most democratic countries in the world.
10
Q
What happened to give people the opinion the Canada is one of the most democratic countries?
A
1) a high degree of personal freedoms
2) individual participation in the political decision making process.
3) individual participation through the election process.
11
Q
What did the Europeans try to do to First Nations and Inuit?
A
They tried to assimilate them and rule over them.
12
Q
What did the Quebec act do?
A
It prevented the assimilation of the French language. One of Canada’s early compromises with the French to protect their language and culture.
13
Q
What is a loyalist?
A
Someone who during the American revolution wished to remin loyal to the king/ queen of England.
14
Q
What did Canada promise slave owners who came to Canada?
A
They promised them compensation if they let their slaves free.
15
Q
What did Nova Scotia have the first form of?
A
Responsible government.
16
Q
What did Laurier promise settlers of the west if they came from British colonies?
A
He promised them free land. This offer was not for Southern Europe os Asia.
17
Q
In 20th century democracy what would not be acceptable?
A
Many of the attitudes and behaviors back then would not be tolerated now.
18
Q
What is and enemy alien?
A
A person who during a war is singled out because of their race and sometimes there rights were taken away. They had to file with the government as a possible enemy to the state.
19
Q
Who were the famous five and what did they do?
A
They were a group of women who fought the government for rights for women. They were denied access to the courts so they had to go to the British privy council.
20
Q
When was the first female elected to the House of Commons?
A
1921
21
Q
Which province was the last to allow women to vote?
A
Quebec
22
Q
Who was the first female Governor General?
A
Jeanne Sauve
23
Q
Who was the first female premier?
A
Cathrine Callback
24
Q
Who was the first female prime minister?
A
Kim Campbell
25
What did the bi and bi commission do?
Over a 7 year period they travelled across Canada researching the problems between the English and French
26
What was the bi and bi commissions major recommendation?
Canada should become officially bilingual.
27
With their recommendation what did the government do
The must do every thing in both French and English
28
What act did Trudeau pass in 1969?
The official languages act
29
What is the only bilingual province officially?
New Brunswick
30
```
Bill 101
What is it
Who passed it
Why was it passed
What were the three most prominent statements
```
> A French language law in Quebec.
> Parti Quebecois
> to protect the French language and culture
1) French is the only visible language in Quebec
2) All immigrants to Quebec will be educated in French
3) only children of Quebec parents whose 1st language is English could be educated in English
31
What are aboriginal and treaty rights based on?
The fact that the First Nations and Inuit people were here first, these rights include the use of the lad and hunting and fishing rights.
32
The First Nations and Inuit are qualified for these rights, which group isn't?
The métis
33
Before 1947 all Canadians were considered what?
British citizens
34
After 1947 and the Canadian citizenship act, Canadian citizenship was granted to who?
People born in Canada and people born outside the country whose father is Canadian.
35
What are commonwealth countries? Give examples.
A common wealth country is a country ruled by Britain, such as India, Canada, Jamaica, and Bermuda.
36
What have researchers identified makes us Canadian?
Our:
~ music
~ art
~ literature
37
What else separates us apart from other nations?
1. Sports
2. Foods
3. Languages
4. History
5. Landscape
6. Industry/finances
38
What are Atlantic Canada's three main industries?
- fishing
- farming
- forestry
39
What are the general keys for interpreting visuals?
- what do you see in the image?
- who is in the image?
- what are they doing?
- where was the picture taken?
- why was it taken?
- what emotions are trying to be created?
40
What are the specific keys for interpreting visuals?
- how are the people interacting?
- describe the age and purpose of the building?
- what types of technology are in the image?
41
Define: Population Density
How the population is distributed out over an area.
42
Define: Archipelago Effect.
The pockets of population that appear like an island.
43
Define: Population Density
The number of people who live in a set area # per sq. km.
44
Define: site factors
Those things that make people want to live there.
45
Define: situation factors
How things are in an area that will attract people to move there.
46
Define: relocation
Moving from one place to another for many reasons, such as; wars, natural disasters, or personal needs.
47
Define: seigneurial system
The providing of land to the early settlers of the French colonies in Quebec.
48
Define : township system
Small areas of land that were identified as land granted to people by a ruler of some type. Like in Ontario
49
How do you find population density?
You take the total population and divide it by the total area of land
50
What is the population of Canada?
32,270,500
51
What is the periphery?
It is also called the hinterland, a majority of Canada is in the periphery.
52
What does the periphery supply?
- Raw materials for market
| - A demand for manufactured goods
53
Regional identity is influenced by what?
Physical land differences
Cultural differences
Historical differences
Regional differences
54
What are five regional festivals/celebrations?
1. Sussex ballon festival
2. Canada day
3. Remembrance day
4. Loyalist day
5. New Brunswick day
55
Define: refugee
A person who is forced to leave their homeland
56
Define: illegal immigrant
A person who has entered another country illegally
57
Define: legal immigrant
Someone who has permission to enter another country and live there
58
Define: sponsored immigrant
Somebody who has family or an organization that will provide support for the immigration
59
Define: displaced people
Large groups of people who have been moved out of their homeland
60
Define: alien
A person who has cultural, ethnic, or religious differences
61
What are some reasons that a person would want to become an illegal immigrant?
- Natural disaster
- Basic needs
- War
- Work
- Freedoms/rights
62
What is today's immigration policy based on?
It is based on being equitable and non-discriminatory
63
What are the classification of citizens?
```
Family class
Humanitarian class
Independent class
```
64
Define: family class immigrants
A close family member lives in Canada and sponsors you to move.
65
Define: humanitarian class immigrant
A citizen fleeing "great personal danger".
66
Define: independent class immigrant
Based on a point system. Will the move be good for Canada?
67
Define: multiculturalism
A policy on Canada where different cultures are encouraged not to change.
68
What makes a refugee?
- A human rights activist
- a member of a certain religion
- women who are abused
- teacher viewed as traitors
- a person who criticizes rebel groups
- a person who is suspected of criticizing their government
- a witness of a military crime
69
What does C.R.T.C. stand for?
Canadian radio tele- communication
70
What is the c.r.t.c. responsible for?
They are responsible of the level of Canadian content on radio, television, and through means of communication
71
What does in mean to be a citizen?
Being a citizen is having legal documents saying you live in that country
72
What makes a person a citizen?
1. Live there
2. Born there
3. They have an eduction
4. The respect the country
5. They follow the laws
6. They vote
7. They work there
8. They protect others
9. They pay taxes
10. The don't have a criminal record
73
What are the qualities of a good citizen?
- feels compelled to voice their concerns in an acceptable manner.
- Abides by the laws of the country
- votes
- recognizes that equality exists for all.
- Values the rights, freedoms, and responsibilities that exist as a citizen
- Demonstrates respect for other citizens
74
Define: honorary citizenship
Someone who has done something that has had a positive effect on a large number of people and that many Canadians feel would represent them.
75
Define: citizenship
The granting of land by being born or naturalized into a country. With this comes the rights and freedoms granted to the citizens with the expectation of political participation, abidance of the law, and following behavioral expectations
76
Define: human rights
The rights that every human (should) have.
77
Define: social responsibilities
What is expected of you by the country
78
What are democratic rights?
The right to vote.
79
What are mobility rights?
The right to work in any province an move throughout the country freely.
80
What are legal rights?
The right to not be detained without good reason.
81
What are fundamental freedoms?
The freedom of thought, belief, and religion.
82
Define: wants
What people want, like the new iPhone
83
Define: needs
What a person needs to survive, food, water, and shelter
84
What is the charter?
A document that allowed Canada to make its own laws.
85
What is the universal declaration of human rights?
A document giving humans several different rights.
86
Who wrote the universal declaration of human rights? And where was he from?
Sir John Peters Humphrey from Hampton N.B.
87
Who originally signed the charter of rights and freedoms?
Pierre E. Trudeau
88
Before 1947 Canadians were considered what?
British citizens
89
After 1947 the Canadian citizenship act did what?
Granted citizen ship to all who were born in Canada and all who were born in another country but had a Canadian father.
90
Immigrants wishing to become citizens must meet what?
Certain conditions, these change depending on what group ( nationality, race, religion)
91
People who wish to become a citizen may go through what?
A legal process known as naturalization to become Canadian.
92
What does p.m. Stand for?
Prime Minister
93
What are the steps of being naturalized?
- must be 18 years or older
- came to Canada legally
- must be a permanent resident
- lived in Canada for three of the four years before applying for citizenship
- must speak English or French
- know Canada's history and geography
- understand Canada's government system
- understand the rights and responsibilities of a citizen
- successfully completed a citizenship test
94
When did the concept of rights come about?
Shortly after the Second World War and partly as a result of the holocaust Canada and a number of other countries tried to improve the conditions of the world and try to prevent such atrocities from happening again.
95
Which province passed the first provincial bill of rights?
Saskatchewan
96
In 1960 what bill became a law?
The Canadian Bill Of Rights
97
The bill of rights are a reminder of what?
How we should treat the people of the world.
98
Wheat must you do to be considered an active and responsible citizen?
- become knowledgeable
- be willing to challenge issues
- be willing to come up with solutions
- be prepared to take action
- be willing to question what needs to be questioned
99
What are the qualities of a democratic society?
- Understands rights and privileges for everyone
- All citizens protect democratic principles
- Guaranteed rights for all
- The well being of citizens is based on the activeness of the citizens
- We challenge our leaders to bring about change
- democratic citizens take responsibility for their society
100
What is true democracy?
For every one man it equals one vote.
101
What is representative domcracy?
People select someone to represent them and vote for them.
102
What does m.p. stand for?
Member of Parliment
103
What are language rights?
In 1969 prime minister Trudeau passed the official languages act making canada officially bilingual. Quebec opposed this law and passed bill 101 making French the only visible language in Quebec in order to protect the French language and culture.
104
What does the senate do?
105 senators in e chambers in Ottawa. It's the senate that approves bills and makes them law.
105
What does the Prime Minister do?
They are the leader of the political party at has obtained a majority of the seats in the House of Commons.
106
What is an M.P. ?
There are 308 mp's in the House of Commons. An MP represents a riding in a province or territory. The number of risings have been historically set.
107
What does the premier do?
They are the head of a provincial government. They are the leader of the political party that has won the most seats in the legislative assembly.
108
what is fedralism?
Canada has a system of government descried as "federalism"
- one level deals with national issues
- one deals with regional issues
Both of these levels work together ( most of the time) to benefit Canada as a whole but to also watch out for the separate and different regions in Canada
109
what does the federal government do?
They look after the proper and safe running of the country.
110
What does the provincial government look after?
They look after the safe and proper running of the province.
111
What does the municipal government look after?
They look after the safe and proper running of villages/cities/towns.
112
what is division of power?
it is where each level of government takes certain responsibilities based on weather they can pay for it with taxes or not.
113
what responsibilities does the federal government look after?
Defense, foreign policy, trade, national taxation, banking and money, postal systems, criminal law, prisons, copyright, fisheries, and native issues.
114
what responsibilities does the provincial government look after?
Health, education, social services, highways, municipal governments, property taxes, licensing, natural resources, administration of justice, and courts.
115
what responsibilities are shared by both federal and provincial governments?
Immigration, environment, and agriculture.
116
what responsibilities does the municipal government have?
Snow removal, garbage removal, fire protection, local police, water supply, sewage, public transit, recreation facilities, streets, and streetlights.
117
who is the current prime minister?
Steven Harper
118
who is the local m.l.a.?
Bev Harrison
119
who is the local M.P.?
Rob Moore.
120
who is the governor general?
David Johnson
121
Who is the leader of the official opposition?
Thomas Mulcare
122
who is the premier on N.B.?
David Alward
123
who is the mayor of Hampton?
Ken Chorley
124
who is the mayor of S.J. ?
Mel Norton
125
who is the Lt. Governor of N.B.?
Graydon Nicholas ( 1st First Nations/Aboriginal)
126
who is the minister of national defence?
Peter McKay ( Nova Scotia)
127
What are the three parts of the federal Parliment?
Legislative, executive, and judicial.
128
what does the legislative branch do?
they make and develop laws.
129
what does the executive branch do?
they apply and interpret the laws.
130
what does the judicial branch do?
they enact and enforce the laws
131
how has federalism evolved in Canada?
The early governments of canada wanted to have control of all the power. to accomplish this any power that the provinces didn't control was given to the federal government. this process is called residual power.
132
what are have provinces?
those provinces that because of their wealth don't ned money from the federal government to provide good services. (E.X: Ontario, Alberta, Newfoundland)
133
what are have not provinces?
provinces that require the federal government give them money so people have similar opportunities as the have provinces.
134
hat problems did equalization payments lead to?
it has led to many disputes between the federal and provincial governments as well as creating many stereotypes.
135
how many cabinet ministers are there?
39
136
who is the senator from N.B?
Joe Day.
137
what is the life of a bill?
```
• idea
• minister responsible prepares the bill
• bill presented to Parliament ( first reading)
• presented to commons for debate (second reading)
• presented for vote (third reading)
* if it passes
• senate approves
• Governor General signs
• now a law or policy
```
138
what is the jurisdiction of a law?
* federal laws are for all people of the nation
* provincial laws are for the people of that province or territory
* municipal laws are for the people of the municipality
* municipal and provincial laws are meant for the local areas and are not meant to block or over power federal laws
139
what does the prime minister do in ottawa?
```
he…
• chooses the cabinet
• develops projects and policies
• represents canada internationally
• provides effective administration
• works with the premiers
• appoints Supreme Court judges, senators, and ambassadors
• leads their political party
• provides government leadership
• plans new laws and promotes policies
```
140
what does a cabinet minister do in ottawa?
```
they …
• oversee their department
• explain policies
• are the spokes person for their department
• provide advice to the prime minister
• present new laws or policies related to their department
• defend government policy
• represent their riding.
```
141
what does the House of Commons do in ottawa?
- discuss bills
- vote on bills to become laws
- attend question period
- participate in debates
- be aware of concerns facing the citizens of their ridings
- provide interviews
- participate in caucus
- help raise funds for their party
142
what does the Governor General do in ottawa?
- signs bills into law
- opens and closes parliament
- reads speeches from the throne( outline of the governments plans)
- represents the people of canada in England
143
what are the jobs in the house?
* the speaker: elected by other m.p's, job is to keep order
* the house leader: the cabinet minister responsible for managing the government's legislation in the house
* the leader of the official opposition: leader of the party second in number, the watchdog
* the shadow cabinet: selected members of the opposition who are responsible to criticize the specific departments of government
* the party whip: makes sure members of their party appear in the house when needed, to make sure their members are on the right side
* pages: students who collect and distribute materials in the house. they act as messengers for the speaker
144
what was the Cold War?
it was basically a war of words and threats.
145
what general groups were involved in the Cold War?
America, Russia, and Cuba
146
what were the three main reasons the Cold War happened?
1) political idea differences between Russia and U.S.A.
2) Russians wanted to stay and control the countries defeated during the war
3) an arms race to see who could develop nuclear weapons first
147
what does U.N. stand for?
United Nations
148
what does N.A.T.O. stand for?
treaty organization of allied countries of the northern hemisphere, US, Canada, England, France - to protect member countries
149
what does N.O.R.A.D. stand for?
north american organization who's responsibility it is to protect the airspace over Canada and the U.S. aircraft, ships, and radar installations monitor anything moving nto North American airspace.
150
what was the merchant marine?
any ship that was ocean going was loaded with equipment, personnel, and supplies and sent across the ocean to England.
151
what was phase 1 of ww2 nick named and why was it nicknamed this?
it was nicknamed the phony war because nothing really happened.
152
what happened during phase 1 of the war?
- Germany and the Soviet Union invaded poland
- they signed an agreement that they would not be aggressive to each other and would share poland
- Germany partnered up with japan and Italy they were now called the axis powers
- during this time france and England mobilized their armies in case Germany became more aggressive
153
what was the maginot lin?
it was a line of fortifications that france hoped would prevent another war like ww1.
154
what was a blitzkreig?
a series of fast moving attacks by armies and aircraft.
155
what was canada's contribution during phase 1?
- put together a small volunteer army to e sent to England
| - the british commonwealth air training plan was put into action
156
what was the british commonwealth air training plan?
it was where pilots from Europe came to canada to be trained in a safe environment.
157
what happened during phase 2 of ww2?
- Germans attacked Russia even though they agreed not to.
- japan also attacked the U.S. which also took the war in a new direction.
- following the attack on pearl harbour, america was drawn into the war
- the americans defeated japan in the battle of midway in the pacific
- with the americans joining the european campaign and the defeat of Germany by russia at staningrad, the war took a change
- for the germans the second phase of the war is where it started to go down hill.
158
what was canada's contribution to phase 2?
- Canada's navy was now showing success in battles on the Atlantic Ocean.
- canada continued to supply material to Europe by the merchant marine.
- the canadian army became actively involved, fighting alongside the british in Europe and the pacific.
- some still questioned wether Canada should be actively involved in the war.
159
what were two major losses for canada during ww2?
the battle of Hong Kong and the battle of dieppe.
160
what happened during phase 3 of the war?
- the success of the allied forces became more noticeable.
- the allies were now on the offensive.
- the japanese were forced out of the Philippines, and the germans were retreating from russia.
- ongoing bombing of Germany increased by the allies.
- victory was starting to show
161
what was operation overlord?
it was the codename for the invasion of france on D-Day.
162
what happened during phase 4 of the war?
- the allied forces attacked the germans in france on D-Day
- the germans now had to defend on two fronts, against the allies in Eastern Europe, and against russia on the western front.
- the u.s. was also showing signs of great success against japan.
- as the war came to an end with the very successful contributions by the canadians, some stayed to defend ares in Europe.
- shortly after the war in Europe ended it came to a screaming halt in japan because of the use of nuclear weapons.
163
what was the holocaust?
it was the nazi's process of trying to rid the world of all those groups of people who they thought were inferior
- during this time as many as 6million people were executed during this time.
- those targeted included; jews, gypsies, slavs, physically and mentally challenged and the homosexuals.
- these people wer tortured, starved, shot, worked to death, or gassed.
