Exam 3:

Question 1

If a patient reports of lateral/anterior shoulder pain with overhead activities or demonstrates a painful arc, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 1

possible subacromial impingement, tendonitis, bursitis

Question 2

If a patient reports of instability, apprehension, and pain with activities most often when shoulder is abducted and externally rotated, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 2

shoulder instability or possible labral tear if clicking is present

Question 3

If a patient reports of decreased ROM and pain with resistance, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 3

possible rotator cuff or long head of the biceps tendonitis

Question 4

If a patient reports of pain and weakness with muscle loading, night pain, and they are over 60 years old, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 4

possible rotator cuff tear

Question 5

If a patient reports of poorly located shoulder pain with occasional radiation into elbow, pain that is usually aggravated by movement and relieved by rest, and are younger than 45, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 5

adhesive capsulitis

Question 6

are men or women more prone to adhesive capsulitis

Answer 6

women

Question 7

If a patient reports of a fall on the shoulder followed by pain over AC joint, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 7

possible AC sprain

Question 8

If a patient reports of upper extremity heaviness or numbness with prolonged postures and when lying on involved side, what would the initial hypothesis be

Answer 8

possible TOS or cervical radiculopathy

Question 9

Measuring IR using the ____ __ ___ method showed good reliability in one study but not as good in another

Answer 9

behind the back

Question 10

The should complex is functionally extremely (mobile/limited)

Answer 10

mobile

Question 11

(mobility/stability) of the shoulder is achieved at the cost of (mobility/stability)

Answer 11

mobility; stability

Question 12

What are the 5 joints of the shoulder

Answer 12

Glenohumeral
Sternoclavicular 
Acromioclavicular
Scapulothoracic
Suprahumeral

Question 13

Which two joints of the shoulder are pseudojoints

Answer 13

scapulothoracic and suprahumeral

Question 14

The GH joint can be compared to what

Answer 14

a gold ball on a tee

Question 15

The _____ has the largest ROM and movement in the body

Answer 15

shoulder

Question 16

What characteristics of the shoulder joint allow it to have the largest ROM and movement in the body

Answer 16

shallow joint
lax joint capsule
limited ligamentous support

Question 17

What direction does the GH joint face

Answer 17

anterior, lateral, and superior

Question 18

The glenoid labrum-rim is made of _____ and deepens the socket and increased contact area up to __%

Answer 18

fibrocartilage; 75%

Question 19

What provides ligamentous stability of the GH joint-anterior and posterior

Answer 19

anterior - GH ligaments

posterior - only joint capsule

Question 20

How many sections are there of GH ligaments

Answer 20

4

Question 21

What are the ligaments of the GH joint

Answer 21

superior GHL
middle GHL
inferior GHL
anterior and posterior IGHL

Question 22

which GH ligament is the mains static stabilizer of the joint

Answer 22

IGHL

Question 23

What is the open packed position of the GH joint

Answer 23

55 degrees of abduction, 30 degrees of horizontal adduction

Question 24

What is the closed packed position of the GH joint

Answer 24

end range abduction and ER

Question 25

What is the capsular pattern of the GH joint

Answer 25

ER>ABD>IR

Question 26

When the arm is in ____, ligaments are loose; allowing IR and ER When the arm is ___ ___, the capsule becomes tighter When the arm is ____ inferior ligamentous tissue becomes tighter, more so with ER In extreme ____ and ___ ligaments become tight around the joint giving stability

Answer 26

neutral ER abducted abduction and ER

Question 27

The (closer/further) muscles are aligned to the joint, the better they stabilize

Answer 27

closer

Question 28

The (rotator cuff/deltoid) pulls the head of the humerus into the fossa

Answer 28

rotator cuff

Question 29

what is the role of the RC

Answer 29

to pull the head of the humerus into the fossa

Question 30

The (rotator cuff/deltoid) is a large stabilizing component, regardless of its position of the humerus

Answer 30

deltoid

Question 31

When is the long head of the biceps most effective as a stabilizer

Answer 31

when the shoulder is extended

Question 32

When is the long head of the triceps most effective as a stabilizer

Answer 32

when the shoulder is flexed

Question 33

Which muscles are shoulder stabilizers

Answer 33

RC muscles Deltoids Long head of biceps long head of triceps

Question 34

What are the RC muscles

Answer 34

``` supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor long head of biceps subscapularis ```

Question 35

Which joint is a synovial and multiaxial

Answer 35

GH joint

Question 36

which joint is a synovial seller joint

Answer 36

SC joint

Question 37

What are the ligaments of the SC joint

Answer 37

anterior SC ligament posterior SC ligament CC ligament Interclavicular ligament

Question 38

Which joint is the fulcrum for shoulder movements

Answer 38

SC joint

Question 39

Which joint is the only bony attachment of the shoulder girdle to the skeleton

Answer 39

SC joint

Question 40

What are the motions of the SC joint

Answer 40

elevation/depression anterior/posterior rotation protraction/retraction

Question 41

Which joint is an arthrodial/gliding joint

Answer 41

AC joint

Question 42

What are the ligaments of the AC joint

Answer 42

coracoclavicular (trapezoid and conoid ligaments) | superior and inferior AC ligaments

Question 43

What is the function of the SC joint

Answer 43

to be a fulcrum of shoulder movement

Question 44

What is the function of the AC joint

Answer 44

absorbs impact to shoulder

Question 45

The ___ joint is linked to all motions of the humerus

Answer 45

AC

Question 46

The ___ joint links the shoulder girdle to clavicle

Answer 46

AC

Question 47

What are the motions of the AC joint

Answer 47

protraction/retraction upward/downward rotation elevation/depression

Question 48

How would you describe the stability of the AC joint

Answer 48

weak bony stability

Question 49

The AC ligament provides (significant/terrible) stability

Answer 49

significant

Question 50

The AC ligament (can/cannot) resist tension at the joint and it (can/cannot) prevent the clavicle from riding up on the acromion when force is applied from the side

Answer 50

can, cannot

Question 51

Which ligaments help prevent the clavicle from riding up on the acromion

Answer 51

coracoclavicular and conoid ligament

Question 52

True or False: The scapulothoracic joint connects bone to bone and is supported by ligaments

Answer 52

False, it does not connect bone to bone and is supported by muscles, not ligaments

Question 53

Which two muscles does the scapula rest on

Answer 53

serratus anterior and subscapularis

Question 54

What are the motions of the ST joint

Answer 54

protraction/abduction retraction/adduction downward/upward rotation depression/elevation

Question 55

What is the scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 55

2:1 ratio | out of 15 degrees of abduction, 10 comes from the GH joint and 5 comes from the ST joint

Question 56

Recent studies have shown that the arm can only move in the first ___ degrees of abduction before the scapula moves. From __-__ degrees, the scapula rotates upward 1 degree for every 2 degrees of abduction From ___-___ degrees is a 1:1 ratio, then after 150 degrees thoracic SB and/or extension occurs

Answer 56

30 30-90 90-150

Question 57

Recent studies have shown that the arm can only move in the first 30 degrees of ____ before the scapula moves. From 30-90 degrees, the scapula rotates ____ 1 degree for every 2 degrees of abduction From 90-150 degrees is a 1:1 ratio, then after 150 degrees thoracic SB and/or (flexion/extension) occurs

Answer 57

abduction upward extension

Question 58

True or False: It is common to have positive findings of shoulder pathology without any symptoms

Answer 58

true

Question 59

A study titled "ultrasound of the shoulder: Asymptomatic findings in men" made a conclusion that asymptomatic shoulder abnormalities were found in __% of the subjects. The most common were subacromial bursitis thickening, AC joint OA, and supraspinatus tendinosis

Answer 59

96