exam 3

Question 1

The idea/myth that any individual in the US can climb the ladder to success

Answer 1

American Dream

Question 2

“People who live in towns or cities” Class that owns production

Answer 2

Bourgeoisie

Question 3

Assets used to provide goods and services. Materials and people

Answer 3

Capital

Question 4

Synonym for bourgeoisie

Answer 4

Capitalist

Question 5

Rigid social division based on status at birth

Answer 5

Castes

Question 6

Social hierarchy determined by one’s relationship to the means of production

Answer 6

Class

Question 7

Sense of belonging to and identifying with a particular social class.

Answer 7

Class identity

Question 8

language competencies, attitudes, behaviors, and general familiarity with culture and symbols of a particular class

Answer 8

Cultural Capital

Question 9

Term for intersection of class and ethnicity in determining a person’s identity

Answer 9

Ethclass

Question 10

Sense of belonging to or identifying with a class to which one does not belong

Answer 10

False consciousness

Question 11

The technological, economic, and knowledge bases of a society

Answer 11

Forces of production

Question 12

Cultural leadership or domination, Antonio Gramsci

Answer 12

Hegemony

Question 13

Informal power. Rooted in factors such as money, guns, and organization

Answer 13

Influence

Question 14

Inputs such as raw materials and tools that produce things of value to society

Answer 14

Means of production

Question 15

The ability to force others, even if they resist, to carry out your policies

Answer 15

Power

Question 16

Urban propertyless workers who, he felt, stood in opposition to the owners of the means of production

Answer 16

Proletariat

Question 17

How people involved in production relate to each other and to the surplus that they collectively produce

Answer 17

Social relations of production

Question 18

The process by which individuals and groups rank each other socially and differentiate each other in a hierarchy

Answer 18

Social stratisfication

Question 19

The process where Asian Americans were blended in and accepted by whites in the United States

Answer 19

Social whitening

Question 20

A composite measure based on income, education, and occupation that combines class and status to determine a person’s place in the social ladder

Answer 20

Socioeconomic status (SES)

Question 21

One of Weber’s three dimensions for ranking members in society. Based on the prestige or social esteem that others in the society accord a person

Answer 21

Status

Question 22

Total assets a person owns minus debt owed

Answer 22

Wealth

Question 23

Selection of candidates to run in an election by direct vote of the electorate

Answer 23

Direct Primary

Question 24

Electoral device by which interested citizens can propose legislation through petitions signed by a specified number of registered voters

Answer 24

Initiative

Question 25

A political organization to mobilize votes and distribute the benefits of office to its members

Answer 25

Machine

Question 26

Basic unit of city-level, political party organization inn the United States. Each containing 200 to 1,000 voters

Answer 26

Precinct

Question 27

A provision permitting removal of elected officials before the expiration of their terms if the electorate so votes in a special election

Answer 27

Recall

Question 28

An electoral device that permits citizens to decide directly upon proposed legislation

Answer 28

Referendum

Question 29

The political division of a city for the purpose of electing members of the city council

Answer 29

Ward

Question 30

Observation and tracking of choices and the actors involved

Answer 30

Decision Analysis

Question 31

Urban politics is dominated by a relatively small, cohesive elite, primarily from the private business sphere

Answer 31

Elitist model of community power

Question 32

Describes urban politics as pluralistic in terms of the individuals or groups represented in decision making, with no one dominant group

Answer 32

Pluralist model of community power

Question 33

Research technique involving surveying the opinions of knowledgeable persons in the community about who makes key decisions

Answer 33

Reputational analysis

Question 34

The study of the network of relationships among members of a group

Answer 34

Sociometry

Question 35

The heart of a North American city, contains most of its income

Answer 35

Central business district

Question 36

The smaller central places offer little help to the surrounding areas, while the larger support more area outside the city

Answer 36

Central place theory

Question 37

School of thought developed at the University of Chicago

Answer 37

Chicago school of sociology

Question 38

Cities consist of zones moving outward from the CBD. The further from the center the richer, and the people in each zone are different groups

Answer 38

Concentric zone model

Question 39

The process of people of a higher income moving into places of lower income

Answer 39

Gentrification

Question 40

Rundown section of the city, contains little to no money, often the people who are of a similar race

Answer 40

Ghetto

Question 41

Area adjacent to and dependent on an urban center

Answer 41

Hinterland

Question 42

A measure of absolute racial segregation in housing citywide

Answer 42

Index of dissimilarity

Question 43

A measure of relative racial segregation in housing citywide

Answer 43

Index of exposure

Question 44

The location, arrangement, and interrelationships between social and physical elements within a city

Answer 44

Internal structure of the city

Question 45

Terms that describe the process of social changes in cities.

Answer 45

Invasion and succession

Question 46

Transforming a substance into a new product

Answer 46

Manufacturing

Question 47

A spatial form with many specialized centers. Not a city or a suburb

Answer 47

Multinucleated metropolitan region

Question 48

A view where a city has more than one center as opposed to a CBD

Answer 48

Multiple nuclei model

Question 49

The area around a place from which persons travel to the center to purchase goods

Answer 49

Range

Question 50

A model that classes hold wedge-shaped sectors from the CBD.

Answer 50

Sectoral model

Question 51

A term describing how cities of different sizes and functional types are interdependent

Answer 51

System of cities

Question 52

Study of the spatial distribution of people and institutions in cities from a distinctive perspective

Answer 52

Urban ecology