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PTA 201 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Intertrochanteric vs Subtrochanteric Fxs of the hip

A

-Intertrochanteric fractures go through the greater and lesser trochanters
-Subtrochanteric fractures happen below the lesser trochanter

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2
Q

Which hip muscles insert into the Greater Trochanter?

A

-Glute Med
-Glute Min
-All ERs

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3
Q

Which hip muscle inserts into the Lesser Trochanter?

A

Iliospoas

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4
Q

What is the Hip Joint AKA?

A

Coxofemoral Joint

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5
Q

What is the Acetabulum?

A

The concave portion of the hip joint

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6
Q

Which ligament directly connects the head of the femur to the acetabulum?

A

The Round Ligament

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7
Q

What are the ligaments of the hip?

A

-Ischiofemoral
-Iliofemoral
-Pubofemoral

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8
Q

What is the strongest ligament in the body?

A

The Iliofemoral ligament of the hip. AKA the Y ligament

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9
Q

What are the Flexors of the Hip?

A

-Psoas Major
-Iliacus
-Pectineus
-Rectus Femoris
-Sartorius
-Tensor Fascia Latae

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10
Q

What are the Extensors of the Hip?

A

-Gluteus Maximus
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
-Biceps Femoris

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11
Q

What are the Abductors of the Hip?

A

-Gluteus Medius
-Gluteus Minimus
-Tensor Fascia Latae
-Sartorius

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12
Q

What are the Adductors of the Hip?

A

-Gracilis
-Pectineus
-Quadratus Femoris
-Adductor Brevis
-Adductor Longus
-Adductor Magnus

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13
Q

What are the Internal Rotators of the Hip?

A

-Gluteus Minimus
-Gluteus Medius
-Tensor Fascia Latae

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14
Q

What are the External Rotators of the Hip?

A

-Piriformis
-Quadratus Femoris
-Gluteus Maximus
-Gemellus Superior
-Obturator Internus
-Gemellus Inferior
-Obturator Externus

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15
Q

What kind of injury would affect blood supply to the round ligament?

A

Hip dislocation

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16
Q

What kind of injury would affect blood supply to the Femur?

A

Femoral Neck Fracture

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17
Q

Which is the largest nerve in the body?

A

The Sciatic Nerve

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18
Q

Tightness in which muscles can pinch down on the Sciatic Nerve?

A

Hip external rotators

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19
Q

What is the definition of an Open Pelvic Fracture?

A

A fracture which breaks the skin or internal organs of the pelvis

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20
Q

What are 50% of Open Pelvic Fractures caused by?

A

-50% by Motorcycle and automobile accidents
-50% by falls and industrial crushes

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21
Q

What are Pelvic Rami Fractures often caused by?

A

A seat belt in a car crash

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22
Q

What is an Open Book Fracture

A

A fracture which separates the pelvis at the pubis

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23
Q

If a pt. has had ORIF to the hip, does that give us the green light for mobility?

A

Yes

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24
Q

How long is bed rest for hip fracture patients who are stabilized via ORIF vs unstabilized?

Study These Flashcards
A

2/3 wks vs 8 wks

25
What percent of the population have SI joints which are out of alignment?
80-85%
26
What is the most common acute orthopedic injury in the geriatric population?
Hip Fracture
27
Which exercises are contraindicated for 6-8 wks after a hip fracture?
SLR and bridges
28
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes
The pediatric form of AVN
29
What is typically done for Legg-Calve-Perthes
The patient would be in an abduction brace for up to 2 years to keep the femoral head seated
30
What is a Proximal Femoral Osteotomy?
A surgical correction of the femoral neck and femoral shaft angle
31
THR vs Hemiarthroplasty
-THR: replacement of the femoral head and acetabulum -Hemiarthroplasty: replacement of just the femoral head
32
What causes bursitis in the hip?
-ITB tightness in sedentary people -Friction at the greater trochanter for highly active people
33
What causes Piriformis Syndrome?
Compression of the sciatic nerve as it peirces through the piriformis muscle
34
What is the capsular pattern for the hip?
-Flexion -Abduction -Internal Rotation
35
What does the Thomas Test test for?
Iliopsoas and Rectus Femoris tightness
36
What does the FABER Test test for?
Capsular Tightness
37
What does the OBER Test test for?
Tensor Fascia Latae Tightness
38
What does the Scour Test test for?
Articular Cartilage Degeneration
39
What is Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis?
A disorder in adolescents which consists of the femoral head slipping posteriorly from the femur. It happens in males more than females.
40
Which hip fracture has the highest incidence of AVN?
Femoral Neck Fractures
41
Limited blood flow to the femoral head in children is called...
Legg-Calve-Perthes
42
Weight bearing status after a cemented THR is...
WBAT
43
One cause for hip external rotation is femoral...
Retroversion
44
Which knee meniscus makes a C shape and which makes an O shape?
-MC Hammer: Medial Meniscus makes a C shape -Lateral Meniscus makes an O shape
45
What are the Knee Extensors?
-Vastus Lateralis -Vastus Medialis -Vastus Intermedialis -Rectus Femoris
46
What are the Flexors of the Knee?
-Semitendinosus -Semimembranosus -Biceps Femoris -Gastrocnemius
47
What causes an ACL injury
Hyperextension with valgus stress -Quick change of direction while running, landing from a jump, or turning
48
What causes a PCL injury?
Posterior directed force on a flexed knee -Can happen when getting in a car accident
49
What does the ACL prevent?
Anterior movement of the tibia and knee hyperextension
50
What is the Unhappy Triad or O'Donoghue's Triad?
Injury to the ACL, MCL, and Medial Meniscus
51
What does the Lachman's Test test for?
ACL stability
52
What does the Anterior Drawer Test test for?
ACL stability
53
Autograft vs Allograft
-Autograft is a graft taken from yourself -Allograft is a graft taken from a cadaver
54
Which exercise is contraindicated in the Max protection phase after ACL repair?
Terminal Knee Extensions
55
What is the most important thing to be achieved quickly after an ACL repair?
Full knee extension
56
When does Meniscus Degeneration typically occur?
>40
57
What does the McMurry's Test test for?
Meniscus tears
58
What does the Aply's Test test for?
Meniscus tears
59
What is a Knee Arthroscopy typically done for?
A Meniscus Repair

PTA 201 (5 decks)

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