Exam 3 Flashcards
Risk of heart disease and atherosclerosis are due to an increase in what?
Plasma concentration of cholesterol levels (LDL) and Triglycerides (VLDL)
What type of drugs are cholesterol lowering drugs?
Statins
Lomitapide
- oral
- microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor
- decreases the synthesis of VLDL
(and hence LDL) by approximately 50% - Hepatic and GI toxicity
Mipomerson
- 20 base pair antisense oligonucleotide
- inhibits apolipoprotein B synthesis (component of
VLDL and LDL) - frequent injection
What two drugs lead to fatty liver and both lower Lp(a)
Lomitapide and Mipomersen
a chaperone protein that assists the
movement of LDL receptors from the cell membrane to the lysosomes, leading to less receptors on the
hepatocyte membrane
PCSK9
What two drugs produce a 50% reduction of LDL cholesterol and lower plasma concentration of Lp(a)
Alirocumab and Evolocumab
siRNA molecule that decreases translation of PCSK9; given 2X/year
Inclisiran
What drugs are VLDL lowering agents?
- Niacin
- Clofibrate
Lovaza
-ethyl esters of fish oil
- contains DHA and EPA
- lowers VLDL and raises HDL (increases lipoprotein lipase)
What is associated with lower cardiovascular mortality
Fish consumptions
Vascepa
contains only EPA which lowers LDL cholesterol
Gemfibrozil
- decreases VLDL by increasing lipoprotein lipase
- little effect on LDL, but HDL is increased
Fenofibrate
- lowers LDL cholesterol to greater extent
toxicity of these agents is gallstones and muscle weakness
Fenofibrate
