Exam 3 Flashcards
(431 cards)
1
Q
WHAT DOES THE EYEBALL CONTAIN
A
OPTIC APPARATUS
2
Q
WHAT ARE THE 3 LAYERS OF THE EYEBALL
A
FIBROUS LAYER
VASCULAR LAYER
INNER LAYER
3
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE FIBROUS LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
A
ITS AN EXTERNAL FIBROUS SKELETON THAT PROVIDES SHAPE AND RESISTANCE
4
Q
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE FIBROUS LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
A
SCLERA
&
CORNEA
5
Q
WHAT IS A SCLERA
A
TOUGH OPAQUE PART THAT COVERS THE POSTERIOR 5/6TH OF THE EYEBALL
6
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SCLERA
A
PROVIDES ATTACHMENT FOR MUSCLES OF THE EYE; RELATIVELY AVASCULAR
7
Q
WHAT IS A CORNEA
A
TRANSPARENT PART THAT COVERS THE ANTERIOR 1/6TH OF THE EYEBALL
8
Q
WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CORNEA
A
COMPLETELY AVASCULAR, NOURISHMENT IS PROVIDED BY THE LACRIMAL FLUID AND AQUEOUS HUMOR. ITS INNERVATED BY CN V1
9
Q
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE VASCULAR LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
A
CHOROID
CILIARY BODY
IRIS
10
Q
WHAT IS A CHOROID
A
PIGMENTED LAYER BETWEEN SCLERA AND RETINA (DARK REDDISH-BROWN COLOR)
11
Q
WHAT IS THE LARGEST PART OF THE VASCULAR EYE
A
CHOROID
12
Q
WHAT PART OF THE EYEBALL IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ‘RED EYE’ REFLECTION PRESENT IN FLASH PHOTOGRAPHY
A
CHOROID
13
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CILIARY BODY
A
PROVIDES ATTACHMENT FOR THE LENS. CONTRACTION OF SMOOTH MUSCLES OF THE CILIARY BODY CONTROLS ACCOMODATION OF THE LENS
14
Q
WHAT ARE CILIARY PROCESSES
A
FOLDS ON THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF THE CILIARY BODY
15
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE CILIARY PROCESSES
A
THEY SECRETE AQUEOUS HUMOUR, WHICH FILLS THE ANTERIOR SEGMENT OF THE EYEBALL
16
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS
A
THEY CONNECT THE CILIARY BODY TO THE LENS
17
Q
WHAT IS THE IRIS OF THE EYE
A
A THIN CONTRACTILE DIAPHRAGM, WITH A CENTRAL APERTURE OR PUPIL
18
Q
WHAT PARTS OF THE EYE CONTROL PUPIL SIZE
A
SPHINSTER PUPILLAE M.
&
DILATOR PUPILLAE M.
19
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SPHINCTER PUPILLLAE MUSCLE
A
CIRCULAR, CONSTRICTS PUPIL
(PARASYMPATHETICALLY STIMULATED VIA CILIARY GANGLION)
20
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE DILATOR PUPILLAE MUSCLE
A
RADIAL, DILATE PUPIL
(SYMPATHETICALLY STIMULATED VIA SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION)
21
Q
WHAT ARE THE CONTENTS OF THE INNER LAYER OF THE EYEBALL
A
RETINA
22
Q
WHAT IS THE SENSORY NEURAL LAYER OF THE EYEBALL CALLED
A
RETINA
23
Q
WHAT ARE THE TWO LAYERS OF THE RETINA CALLED
A
NEURAL LAYER
& PIGMENTED LAYER
24
Q
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE NEURAL LAYER OF THE RETINA
A
LIGHT RECEPTION
25
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PIGMENTED LAYER OF THE RETINA
SINGLE LAYER OF CELLS, REINFORCING THE LIGHT-ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF THE CHOROID BY REDUCING THE SCATTERING OF LIGHT IN THE EYEBALL
26
DESCRIBE THE NON-VISUAL RETINA
IT EXTENDS ANTERIORLY OVER THE CILIARY BODY AND POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE IRIS
27
WHAT IS THE FUNDUS OF THE EYEBALL
INTERNAL ASPECT OF THE POSTERIOR OF THE EYEBALL, WHWREE THE LIGHT ENTERING THE EYEBALL IS FOCUSED
28
WHAT IS THE OPTIC DISK
WHERE THE OPTIC NERVE ENTERS THE EYEBALL, AND IS INSENSITIVE TO LIGHT
29
WHAT IS THE MACULA OF THE RETINA
AREA SPECIALIZED FOR ACUITY OF VISION
30
DESCRIBE THE FOVEA CENTRALIS
~ 1.5 mm AT THE CENTER OF THE MACULA IS THE AREA OF MOST ACUTE VISION
31
DESCRIBE THE CORNEA
REFRACTS LIGHT ENTERING THE EYE, FOCUSING AN INVERTED IMAGE ON THE LIGHT-SENSITIVE RETINA OF THE OPTIC FUNDUS
32
DESCRIBE THE AQUEOUS HUMOR
OCCUPIES ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR CHAMBERS OF THE EYE. PRODUCED IN POSTERIOR CHAMBER BY CILIARY PROCESSES OF CILIARY BODY AND PROVIDES NUTRIENTS FOR THE AVASCULAR CORNEA AND LENS
33
DESCRIBE THE LENS OF THE EYE
TRANSPARENT, BICONVEX STRUCTURE, ANCHORED BY THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS OF THE LENS TO THE CILIARY PROCESSES.
34
WHAT MODIFIES THE CURVATURE OF THE LENS
THE CILIARY MUSCLE
35
WHAT IS THE VITREOUS HUMOR
WATERY FLUID ENCLOSED IN THE VITREOUS BODY. IT HOLDS THE RETINA IN PLACE AND SUPPORTS THE LENS
36
NERVES OF THE ORBIT
OCULOMOTOR NERVE (CN 3)
ABDUCENT NERVE (CN 6)
TROCHLEAR NERVE (CN 4)
OPHTHALMIC DIVISION (CN V1)
OPTIC NERVE (CN 7)
37
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OCULOMOTOR NERVE
TRAVELS IN LATERAL WALL OF THE CAVERNOUS SINUS -> ENTERS TRU SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR DIVISIONS. 5/7 MUSCLES. CILIARY GANGLION VIA SHORT CILIARY NERVES TO CILIARY BODY AND IRIS
38
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE ABDUCENT NERVE
TRAVELS IN THE CAVERNOUS SINUS --> ENTERS THRU THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. INNERVATES THE LATERAL RECTUS MUSCLE
39
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE TROCHLEAR NERVE
TRAVELS IN THE LATERAL WALL OF THE CAVERNOUS SINUS --> ENTERS THRU THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. INNERVATES THE SUPERIOR OBLIQUE MUSCLE.
40
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OPHTALMIC NERVE
TRAVLES IN THE LATERAL WALL OF THE CAVERNOUS SINUS --> ENTERS THRU THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE. FRONTAL, LACRIMAL, NASOCILIARY. LONG CILOARY NERVE TO IRIS AND CORNEA
41
ARTERIES OF THE ORBIT
OPHTHALMIC ARTERY
CENTRAL ARTERTY
CILIARY ARTERY
LACRIMAL ARTERY
ANDTERIOR & POSTERIOR ETHMOIDAL ARTERY
MUSCULAR ARTERY
SUPRAORBITAL ARTERY
SUPRATROCHLEAR ARTERY
DORSAL NASAL ARTERY
INFRA-ORBITAL ARTERY
42
OCCLUSION OF WHICH ARTERY RESULTS IN BLINDNESS
CENTRAL ARTERY
43
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OPHTHALMIC ARTERY
FROM INTERNAL CAROTID AFTER EMERGING FROM THE CAVERNOUS SINUS --> RUNS PARALLEL TO THE OPTIC NERVE TRU THE OPTIC CANAL
44
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE CENTRAL ARTERY
PIERCES SHEATH OF OPTIC NERVE AND RUNS WITH THE OPTIC NERVE TO THE EYEBALL. TERMINAL BRANCHES ARE END ARTERIES SUPPLYING THE INTERNAL ASPECT OF RETINA
45
WHAT DOES THE CILIARY ARTERY SUPPLY
SCLERA
CILIARY BODY
IRIS
CHOROID
46
WHAT DOES THE LACRIMAL ARTERY SUPPLY
LACRIMAL
CONJUNCTIVA
EYELIDS
47
WHAT DOES THE ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR ETHMOIDAL ARTERY SUPPLY
SINUSES
48
WHAT DOES THE MUSCULAR ARTERY SUPPLY
ORBITAL MUSCLES
49
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPRAORBITAL ARTERY
EMERGES ONTO THE FACE TOGETHER WITH THE SUPRAORBITAL NERVE
50
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPRTROCHLEAR ARTERY
EMERGES ONTO THE FACE TOGETHER WITH THE TROCHLEAR NERVE
51
WHERE IS THE DORAL NASAL ARTERY LOCATED
ON MEDIAL SIDE OF ORBIT
52
WHAT DOES THE INFRO-ORBITAL ARTERY SUPPLY
THE ORBITAL FLOOR
53
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE ORBIT
SUPERIOR OPTHALMIC VEIN
INFERIOR OPTHALMIC VEIN
VORTICOSE VEINS
54
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPERIOR OPTHALMIC VEIN
IT IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE FACIAL VEIN ANTERIORLY --> CROSSES DIAGNALLY [FROM MEDIAL TO LATERAL ABOVE OPTIC NERVE --> EXITS THROUGH THE SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE --> TERMINATES IN THE CAVERNOUS SINUS. DRAINS STRUCTURES WITHIN THE ORBIT
55
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE INFERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN
RUNS ON FLOOR OF ORBIT. IT BEGINS AT THE PLEXUS OF VEINS ON THE FLOOR OF THE ORBIT. COMMUNICATES WITH THE PTERYGOID VENOUS PLEXUS INFERIORLY AND THE SUPERIOR OPTHALMIC BEFORE GOING INTO CAVERNOUS SINUS
56
WHAT DO VORTICOSE VEINS DRAIN
THEY DRAIN THE VASCULAR LAYER OF THE EYEBALL AND ARE TRIBUTARIES OF THE OPHTHALMIC VEINS
57
WHAT IS THE MIDDLE EAR
NARROW AIR-FILLED CHAMBER IN THE PETROUS PPART OF THE TEMPORAL BONE
58
WHAT IS THE TYMPANIC CAVITY PROPER
SPACE DIRECTLY INTERNAL TO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
59
WHAT IS THE EPITYMPANIC RECESS
SPACE SUPERIOR TO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
60
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE
CONNECTS THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE TO THE NASOPHARYNX
61
POSTEROLATERAL 1/3RD IS BONY, REST 2/3 IS CARTILAGINOUS. EQUALIZES PRESSURE IN MIDDLE EAR WITH ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, ALLOWING FREE MOVEMENT FO THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE. NAME THE STRUCTURE
PHARYNGOTYMPANIC TUBE
62
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE AUDITORY OSSICLES
THEY TRANSFER SOUND FROM THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE TO THR OVAL WINDOW
63
FUNCTION OF THE LABRYRINTHINE WALL
SEPARATES THE MIDDLE AND INNER EAR
64
WHAT IS THE FIRST BONE TO BE OSSIFIED DURING DEVELOPMENT AND ARE PRACTICALLY MATURE AT BIRTH
AUDITORY OSSICLES
65
WHAT ARE THE MUSCLES ASSOCIATED WITH AUDITORY OSSICLES
TENSOR TYMPANI MUSCLE
STAPEDIUS MUSCLE
66
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE TENSOR TYMPANI MUSCLE
TENSES TYMPANIC MEMBRANE AND REDUCES AMPLITUDE OF ITS OSCILLATIONS. THIS REDUCES DAMAGE TO THE INTERNAL EAR WHEN EXPOSED TO LOUD SOUNDS. INN BY CNV3
67
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE STAPEDIUS MUSCLE
REDUCES OSILLATORY RANGE OF THE STAPES. INN BY CN7
68
THIS STRUCTURE CONTAINS THE VESTIBULOCHOCLEAR ORGAN
INTERNAL EAR
69
WHERE IS THE INNER EAR LOCATED
PETROUS PORTION OF THE TEMPORAL BONE
70
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE INNER EAR
COCHLEA
VESTIBULE
SEMICIRCULAR CANAL
ALL OF THESE MAKE UP THE BONY LABYRINTH
71
SERIES OF CAVITIES INCLUDING THE COCHLEA, VESTIBULE, AND SEMICIRCULAR CANALS
BONY LABYRINTH
72
SHELL-SHAPED PART OF THE BONY LABYRINTH THAT CONTAINS THE COCHLEAR DUCT
COCHLEA
73
SMALL OVAL CHAMBER CONGTAINING THE UTRICLE AND SACCULE
VESTIBULE
74
THIS STRUCTURE OF THE BONY LABYRINTH COMMUNICATES WITH THE VESTIBULE AND HOUSES THE SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS
SEMICIRCULAR CANALS
75
WHAT IS AN AURICLE
CONSISTS OF CARTILAGE AND FIBROUS TISSUE, AND DIRECTS SOUND WAVES TOWARD THE EXTERNAL AUDITORY APPARATUS
76
CANAL LEADING INWARDS FROM THE AURICLE TO TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
77
DESCRIBE THE LATERAL 1/3RD OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
CARTILAGINOUS AND LINED WITH SKIN THAT IS CONTINUOUS WITH AURICULAR SKIN
78
WHAT PORTION OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS PRODUCES EAR WAX
LATERAL 1/3RD
79
DESCRIBE THE MEDIAL 2/3RD OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
BONY AND LINED WITH SKIN CONTINUOUS WITH THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
80
DESCRIBE THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
~1 cm DIAMETER, THIN, SEMITRANSPARENT MEMBRANE AT THE MEDIAL END OF THE EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS
81
WHAT COVERS THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
COVERED WITH SKIN EXTERNALLY AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE INTERNALLY
82
WHERE IS MOVEMENT OF THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE PASSED OFF TO
THE AUDITORY OSSICLES
83
WHAT VASCULATURE SUPPLIES BLOOD TO THE AURICLE
SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL A
& POSTERIOR AURICULAR A.
84
WHAT NERVES INNERVATES THE AURICLE
GREAT AURICULAR N
& AURICULOTEMPORAL N
85
WHAT ARE THE NERVES OF THE EXTERNAL MEATUS AND THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
AURICULOTEMPORAL N
VAGUS N
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL N
86
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
1.) 5 LUMBAR VERTEBRAE LOCATED CENTRALLY
2.) MUSCLES
3.) DIAPHRAGM FORMS THE SUPERIOR PART
4.) FASCIA
5.) LUMBAR PLEXUS
6.) FAT, NERVES, VESSELS, AND LYMPH NODES
87
NAME THE FASICA OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
1.) ENDOABDOMINAL FASCIA
2.) PSOAS FASCIA
3.) THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA
4.) QUADRATUS LUMBORUM FASCIA
88
THIS FASCIA LIES BETWEEN THE PARIETAL PERITONEUM AND THE MUSCLES AND IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA
ENDOABDOMINAL FASCIA
89
THIS FASCIA SURROUNDS THE PSOAS MAJOR MUSCLE AND IS ATTACHED MEDIALLY TO THE LUMBER VERTEBRAE AND PELVIC BRIM.
PSOAS FASCIA
90
THIS FASCIA THICKENS TO FORM THE MEDIAL ARCUATE LIGAMENT AND IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM AND THORACOLUMBAR FASCIAS
PSOAS FASCIA
91
THIS EXTENSIVE FASCIA IS ATTACHED TO THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND ENVELOPES THE DEEP BACK MUSCLES. IT IS THINNER IN THE THORACIC THAN IN THE LUMBAR AREA
THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA
92
THIS FASCIA IS THE ANTERIOR LAYER OF THE THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA THAT COVERS THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT THICKENS TO FORM THE LATERAL ARCUATE LIGAMENT
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM FASCIA
93
THIS MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IS LATERAL TO THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAE
PSOAS MAJOR MUSCLE
94
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND WHAT INNERVATES IT
IT FLEXES THE THIGH OR TRUNK. IT IS INNERVATED BY THE ANTERIOR RAMI OF L1-L3
95
THIS MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IS LATERAL TO THE INFERIOR PART OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND ITS TENDONS JOIN THOSE OF THE PSOAS MAJOR TO FORM THE ILIOPSOAS
ILIACUS MUSCLE
96
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ILIACUS MUSCLE AND WHAT INNERVATES IT
IT FLEXES THE THIGH AND STABILIZES TH HIP JOINT.
IT IS INNERVATED BY FEMORAL NERVE (L2-L4)
97
THIS MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IS LATERAL TO THE SUPERIOR PART OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND FORMS THE KIDNEY BED
QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE
98
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE AND WHAT INNERVATES IT
IT EXTENDS AND LATERALLY FLEXES THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN. IT IS INNERVATED BY THE SUBCOSTAL NERVE AND L1-L4 NERVES
99
WHAT ARE THE VESSELS OF THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
ABDOMINAL AORTA
IVC (DRAINAGE)
100
WHERE IS THE ABDOMINAL AORTA LOCATED
IT BEGINS AT THE AORTIC HIATUS AND ENDS AT THE LEVEL OF L4, WHERE IT DIVIDES INTO L & R COMMON ILIAC ARTERIES
101
WHAT ARE THE BRANCHES OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA
INFERIOR PHRENIC ARTERY
MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERY
RENAL ARTERY
GONADAL ARTERY
LUMBAR ARTERY
CELIAC TRUNK
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
102
DESCRIBE THE INFERIOR PHRENIC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, INFERIOR SURFACE OF DIAPHRAGM
103
DESCRIBE THE MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, ADRENAL GLANDS
104
DESCRIBE THE RENAL ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, KIDNEY
105
DESCRIBE THE GONADAL ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
PAIRED, GONADS
106
DESCRIBE THE LUMBAR ARTERY AND ITS LOCATION
4 PAIRS, ABDOMINAL WALL
107
DESCRIBE THE CELIAC TRUNK & ITS LOCATION
UNPAIRED, FOREGUT AND ASSOCIATED ORGANS
108
DESCRIBE THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
UNPAIRED, MIDGUT
109
DESCRIBE THE INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
UNPAIRED, HINDGUT
110
DESCRIBE THE COMMON ILIAC ARTERY & ITS LOCATION
BIFURCATION OF AORTA, AT L4 LEVEL
111
DESCRIBE THE LOCATION OF THE IVC (INFERIOR VENA CAVA)
IT BEGINS ANTERIOR TO L5 BY THE UNION OF THE COMMON ILIAC VEINS INFERIOR TO THE AORTIC BIFURCATION --> ENTERS CAVAL OPENING AND THORAX AT LEVEL OF T8
112
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE LIVER
HEPATIC VEINS
113
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE INFERIOR SURFACE OF THE DIAPHRAGM
INFERIOR PHRENIC VEINS
114
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE RIGHT SUPRARENAL GLAND
RIGHT SUPRARENAL VEIN
115
WHAT VEIN DRAINS THE RIGHT TESTIS OR RIGHT OVARY
RIGHT GONADAL VEIN
116
THIS VEIN DRAINS THE KIDNEYS
LEFT AND RIGHT RENAL VEINS
117
WHAT DOES THE LEFT GONADAL VEIN DRAIN
DRAINS LEFT TESTIS OR LEFT OVARY
118
WHAT DOES THE LEFT SUPRARENAL VEIN DRAIN
DRAINS THE LEFT SUPRARENAL GLAND
119
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE ABDOMINAL WALL
LUMBAR VEINS
120
WHAT VEINS DRAIN THE LEGS
COMMON ILIAC VEINS
121
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUBCOSTAL NERVE (T12) AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERALLY ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT INNERVATES THE MUSCLES OF THE ANTEROLATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL AND SKIN ON THE SIDE OF THE HIP
122
WHAT NERVES COMPOSE THE LUMBAR PLEXUS
ILLIOHYPOGASTRIC NERVE
ILIOINGUINAL NERVE
GENITOFEMORAL NERVE
LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THIGH
FEMORAL NERVE
OBTURATOR NERVE
LUMBOSACRAL TRUNK
123
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE ILLIOHYPOGASTRIC NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERALLY ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT INNERVATES IO AND TA MUSCLES, AND SKIN ABOVE THE PUBIS
124
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE ILIOINGUINAL NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERALLY ON THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE QUADRATUS LUMBORUM MUSCLE. IT INNERVATES IO AND TA MUSCLE, AND SKIN ON THE ROOT OF THE PENIS AND ANTERIOR SCROTUM
125
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE GENITOFEMORAL NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT PIERCES THE PSOAS MAJOR AND RUNS INFERIORLY ON ITS ANTERIOR SURFACE. IT INNERVATES THE SKIN ON THE ANTERIOR THIGH.
126
IN FEMALES, THE GENITOFEMORAL NERVE INNERVATES WHAT
SKIN ON MONS PUBIS AND LABIA MAJORA
127
IN MALES, THE GENITOFEMORAL NERVE INNERVATES WHAT
CREMASTER MUSCLE AND SKIN OF SCOTUM
128
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THE THIGH. WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT RUNS INFEROLATERAL ON THE ILIACUS AND ENTERS THE THIGH DEEP TO THE INGUINAL LIGAMENT. IT INNERVATES THE SKIN ON ANTEROLATERAL SURFACE OF THE THIGH
129
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE OBTURATOR NERVE AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT EMERGES FROM THE MEDIAL BORDER OF THE PSOAS MAJOR AND PASSES THRU THE OBTURATOR FORAMEN TO THE MEDIAL THIGH. IT INNERVATES THE MUSCLES OF THE MEDIAL COMPARTMENT OF THE THIGH
130
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE LUMBOSACRAL TRUNK
IT DESCENDS INTO THE PELVIS TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE SACRAL PLEXUS
131
(PARASYMPATHETIC) WHAT DO THE ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VAGAL TRUNKS INNERVATE?
THE GI TRACT AS FAR DOWN AS THE LEFT COLIC FLEXURE
132
WHAT NERVES ARE INVOLVED IN AUTONOMIC-SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION
LOWER THORACIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES
&
LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC NERVES
133
WHAT NERVES ARE INVOLVED IN AUTONOMIC-PARASYMPATHETIC INNERVATION
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR VAGAL TRUNKS
&
PELVIS SPLANCHINIC NERVES
134
WHAT COMPRISES THE ABDOMINAL AUTONOMIC PLEXUSES
ITS COMPRISED OF NERVE NETWORKS OF SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC FIBERS, SURROUNDING THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AND ITS MAJOR BRANCHES
135
WHERE ARE THE CELIAC GANGLIA & PLEXUS LOCATED? AND WHAT DO THEY SUPPLY?
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE CELIAC TRUNK. SUPPLIES THE LIVER, GALLBLADDER, STOMACH, SPLEEN, PANCREAS, AND PROXIMAL PART OF THE DUODENUM
136
WHERE ARE THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLIA AND PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DO THEY SUPPLY?
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE S.M.A.
SUPPLIES THE HEAD OF PANCREAS, DISTAL DUODENUM, JEJUNUM, ILEUM, CECUM, ASCENDING AND TRANSVERSE COLON
137
WHERE ARE THE INFERIOR MESENTERIC GANGLIA AND PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DO THE SUPPLY?
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE I.M.A.
SUPPLIES THE DESCENDING COLON, SIGMOID COLON, AND UPPER RECTUM
138
WHERE IS THE AORTICORENAL GANGLION AND RENAL PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DO THEY SUPPLY
LOCATED AROUND THE ORIGIN OF THE RENAL ARTERY.
SUPPLIES THE ADRENAL GLANDS, KIDNEYS, AND PROXIMAL URETERS
139
WHERE IS THE SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DOES IT SUPPLY?
LOCATED INFERIOR TO THE BIFURCATION OR THE AORTA. IT IS JOINED TO THE INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS BY THE HYPOGASTRIC NERVES
SUPPLIES THE URETERIC AND TESTICULAR PLEXUSES
140
WHERE IS THE INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS LOCATED? WHAT DOES IT SUPPLY?
LOCATED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE RECTUM, CERVIX OF UTERUS, AND URINARY BLADDER
SUPPLIES RECTAL AND VESICAL PLEXUSES
141
WHERE ARE THE KIDNEYS LOCATED?
RETROPERITONEAL ON THE P.A.W. ONE ON EACH SIDE OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AT THE LEVEL OF T12-L3 VERTEBRAE.
142
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE KIDNEYS?
FILTERS BLOOD, AND MAINTINS FLUID, SALT, AND pH BALANCE
143
DESCRIBE THE RENAL CAPSULE
TOUGH FIBROUS LAYER
144
DESCRIBE PERINEPHRIC FAT
SURROUNDS THE KIDNEYS AND THEIR VESSELS
145
DESCRIBE RENAL FASCIA
MEMBRANOUS LAYER AROUND KIDNEYS, ADRENALS, AND PERINEPHRIC FAT
146
DESCRIBE PARANEPHRIC FAT
EXTRA PERITONEAL FAT, EXTERNAL TO RENAL FASCIA THAT ATTACHES KIDNEYS TO POSTERIOR WALL
147
WHAT IS THE RENAL HILUM
VERTICAL CLEFT WHERE URETER, RENAL VESSELS, AND NERVES ENTER AND LEAVE THE RENAL SINUS
148
WHAT IS THE RENAL SINUS
HOLLOW CENTER THAT RECEIVES RENAL VESSELS, NERVES, AND URETERS
149
WHAT IS THE RENAL PELVIS
FLATTENED, FUNNEL-SHAPED EXPANSION OF THE SUPERIOR END OF THE URETER. RECIEVES THE MAJOR CALICES
150
WHAT ARE MAJOR AND MINOR CALICES
MINOR CALICES (USUALLY 3) --> FORM MAJOR CALICES --> URETERS
151
DESCRIBE RENAL PAPILLA
WHERE MEDULLARY PYRAMIDS EMPTY INTO THE MINOR CALICES
152
WHAT COMPOSES THE VASCULATURE OF THE KIDNEYS
RENAL ARTERIES AND VEINS
153
WHAT INNERVATES THE KIDNEYS
REANL PLEXUS
154
WHAT ARE URETERS
TUBING THAT TAKES URINE OUT OF THE KIDNEYS AND EMPTIES INTO THE BLADDER
155
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE URETERS?
RUNS INFERIORLY FROM THE APICES OF THE RENAL PELVIS, ANTERIOR TO THE TRANSVERSE PROCESSES OF THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAE, AND PASSING OVER THE COMMON ILIAC VESSELS AT THE PELVIC BRIM TO JOIN THE URINARY BLADDER
156
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE URETERS?
CARRIES URINE FROM KIDNEYS TO URINARY BLADDER
157
WHAT ARE CONSTRICTIONS
POTENTIAL SITES OF OBSTRUCTION BY URETIC STONES
158
WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON AREAS THAT URETIC STONES OCCUR?
1.) JUNCTION OF URETERS AND RENAL PELVES
2.) AT THE CROSSING OF THE PELVIC BRIM
3.) DURING PASSAGE THRU THE WALLS OF THE URINARY BLADDER
159
WHAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE VACULAR OF THE URETERS
BRANCHES OF AORTA, RENAL, GONADAL, AND COMMON ILIAC ARTERY AND VEIN
160
WHAT INNERVATES THE URETERS
RENAL, ABDOMINAL AORTIC, AND SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUSES
161
WHAT RACE IS KIDNEY DISEASE MOST PROMINENT
BLACK PEOPLE
162
WHERE ARE THE SUPRARENAL GLANDS AKA ADRENAL GLANDS LOCATED
BETWEEN SUPERMEDIAL ASPECT OF THE KIDNEYS AND DIAPHRAGM. THEY ARE ENCLOSED BY RENAL FASCIA THAT ATTACHES THEM TO THE DIAPHRAGM, BUT ARE SEPARATED FROM THE KIDNEYS BY A SEPTUM
163
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SUPRARENAL CORTEX
SECRETES CORTICOSTEROIDS AND ANDROGENS
164
WHAT IS THE SUPRARENAL MEDULLA AND WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION?
MASS OF NERVOUS TISSUE PERMEATED WITH CAPILLARIES THAT SECRETE CATECHOLAMINES
165
WHAT ARE SUPERIOR SUPRARENAL ARTERIES BRANCHES OF?
BRANCHES OF INFERIOR PHRENIC ARTERIES
166
WHAT ARE MIDDLE SUPRARENAL ARTERIES BRANCHES OF?
BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA
167
WHAT ARE INFERIOR SUPRARENAL ARTERIES BRANCHES OF?
BRANCHES OF RENAL ARTERIES
168
WHERE DOES THE RIGHTT SUPRARENAL VEIN DRAIN INTO?
DRAINS INTO THE IVC
169
WHERE DOES THE LEFT SUPRARENAL VEIN DRAIN INTO?
DRAINS INTO THE LEFT RENAL VEIN
170
WHAT INNERVATES THE SUPRARENAL GLANDS
CELIAC PLEXUS AND GREATER, LESSER, AND LEAST SPLANCHNIC NERVES
171
THE JEJUNUM IS A PART OF WHAT ORGAN?
SMALL INTESTINE
172
DESCRIBE THE JEJUNUM
2ND PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE THAT BEGINS AT THE DUODENOJEJUNAL FLEXURE AND IT IS CONTINUOUS SUPERIORLY WITH THE DUODENUM AND INFERIORLY WITH THE ILEUM
173
HOW MUCH OF THE SMALL INTESTINE DOES THE JEJUNUM CONSTITUTE?
IT IS INTRAPERITONEAL AND CONSTITUTES ~2/5TH OF THE ENTIRE SMALL INTESTINE
174
WHAT QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMINE IS THE LOCATED
MOSTLY IN THE LUQ
175
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE JEJUNUM
ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS
176
DESCRIBE THE CIRCULAR FOLDS OF THE JEJUNUM
THEY INCREASE SURFACE CONTACT OF THE MUCOSAL LINING FOR ABSORPTION. THEY ARE MORE NUMEROUS AND DEVELOPED IN THE JEJUNUM THAN IN THE ILEUM
177
DESCRIBE THE LYMPHOID NODES (PEYER'S PATCHES) OF THE JEJUNUM
LYMPHATIC AGGREGATES THAT ARE LESS ABUNDANT IN THE JEJUNUM THAN IN THE ILEUM
178
THE ILEUM IS PART OF WHAT ORGAN?
SMALL INTESTINE
179
DESCRIBE THE ILEUM
3RD PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE THAT ENDS AT THE ILEOCECAL JUNCTION AND IS CONTINUOUS SUPERIORLY WITH THE JEJUNUM AND INFERIORLY WITH THE CECUM
180
HOW MUCH OF THE SMALL INTESTINE DOES THE ILEUM CONSTITUTE?
IT IS INTRAPERITONEAL AND CONSTITUTES ~3/5TH OF THE ENTIRE SMALL INTESTINE
181
WHAT QUADRANT OF THE ABDOMEN IS THE ILEUM LOCATED
LOCATED MOSTLY I THE RLQ, LYING IN THE PELVIS, AND ASCENDS TO JOIN THE CECUM
182
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ILEUM
ABSORPTION OF NUTRIENTS
183
DESCRIBE THE CIRCULAR FOLDS OF THE ILEUM
LESS NUMEROUS THAN IN THE JEJUNUM IN THE PROXIMAL PART AND ABSENT IN THE DISTAL PART
184
DESCRIBE THE LYMPHOID NODES (PEYER'S PATCHES) OF THE ILEUM
MORE ABUNDANT IN THE ILEUM THAN IN THE JEJUNUM
185
WHAT IS THE MESENTERY OF THE SMALL INTESTINE
IT IS A FOLD OF THE PERITONEUM THAT ATTACHES THE JEJUNUM AND ILEUM TO THE POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL
186
THIS STRUCTURE EXTENDS FROM THE DUODENOJEJUNAL JUNCTION TO THE ILEOCOLIC JUNCTION
MESENTERY
187
WHAT DOES THE MESENTERY OF THE SMALL INTESTINE CONTAIN
CONTAINS THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VESSELS, LYMPH NODES, FAT, AND AUTONOMIC NERVES
188
WHAT ARTERIES PROVIDE VASCULATURE TO THE JEJUNUM AND ILEUM
JEJUNAL AND ILEAL ARTERIES
ARTERIAL ARCADES
VASA RECTA
189
DESCRIBE THE JEJUNAL AND ILEAL ARTERIES
BRANCHES OF THE S.M.A. THAT RUN BETWEEN THE LAYERS OF THE MESENTERY AND SEND 15-18 BRANCHES TO JEJUNUM AND ILEUM
190
DESCRIBE THE ARTERIAL ARCADES
LOOPS FORMED BY THE JEJUNAL ARTERIES
191
DESCRIBE JEJUNAL ARCADES
FEWER & LARGER LOOPS THAN ILEAL ARCADES
192
DESCRIBE ILEAL ARCADES
MONY SHORT LOOPS
193
WHAT IS THE VASA RECTA
STRAIGHT ARTERIES ARISING FROM THE ARCADES
194
DESCRIBE JEJUNAL VASA RECTA
LONGER THAN ILEAL VASA RECTA
195
DESCRIBE ILEAL VASA RECTA
SHORT
196
DESCRIBE THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN
DRAINS THE JEJUNUM AND ILEUM AND ENDS POSTERIOR TO THE NECK OF THE PANCREAS WHERE IT JOINS THE SPLENIC VEIN TO FORM THE HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN
197
WHAT ARE LACTEALS
SPECIALIZED LYMPHATIC VESSELS LOCATED ON THE INTESTINAL VILLI THAT ABSORB FAT AND DRAIN INTO 3 GROUPS OF LYMPH NODES WITHIN THE MESENTERY
198
DESCRIBE JUXTA-INTESTINAL LYMPH NODES
JEJUNUM AND ILEUM LYMPHATIC THAT IS CLOSE TO THE INTESTINAL WALL
199
DESCRIBE MESENTERY LYMPH NODES
JEJUNUM AND ILEUM LYMPHATIC THAT IS AROUND THE ARTERIAL ARCADES
200
DESCRIBE THE SUPERIOR CENTRAL NODES
JEJUNUM AND ILEUM LYMPHATIC THAT RUNS ALONG THE PROXIMAL PART OF THE S.M.A
201
DESCRIBE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC LYMPH NODES
RECEIVES LYMPH FROM THE SUPERIOR CENTRAL NODES AND DRAIN IN THE CHYLE CISTERN AND FROM THERE TO THE THORACIC DUCT
202
WHAT IS THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS
PERIARTERIAL NERVE PLEXUS AROUND THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY THAT INNERVATES THE SAME STRUCTURES IRRIGATED BY THIS ARTERY
203
WHAT IS THE SYMPATHETIC PART OF THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS AND ITS FUNCTION
SYMPATHETIC TRUNKS AND ABDOMINOPELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES
IT REDUCES PERISTALSIS AND SECRETION AND INDUCES VASOCONSTRICTION. IT ALSO REDUCES OR STOPS DIGESTION AND MAKES BLOOD AVAILABLE FOR "FIGHT OR FLIGHT" RESPONSE
204
WHAT IS THE SMALL INTESTINE INSENSITIVE TO?
WHAT IS THE SMALL INTESTINE SENSITIVE TO?
INSENSITIVE TO PAIN
SENSITIVE TO DISTENTION
205
WHAT IS THE PARASYMPATHETIC PART OF THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS AND ITS FUNCTION
THE POSTERIOR VAGAL TRUNK
IT INCREASES PERISTALSIS AND SECRETION
206
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
H2O ABSORPTION AND FECES FORMATION
207
FEATURES OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
GREATER DIAMETER
OMENTAL APPENDICES
TENIAE COLI
HAUSTRA
208
WHAT ARE TENIAE COLI
3 SEPARATED LONGITUDINAL BANDS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE, SHORTER THAN THE LARGE INTESTINE AND RUNNING ALONG ITS LENGTH. THEY CONTRACT LENGTHWISE LEADING TO SACCULATION AND THE CONCOMITANT PRODUCTION OF THE HAUSTRA
209
WHAT ARE HAUSTRA
SMALL POUCHES FORMED BY SACCULATION
210
WHAT ARE OMENTAL APPENDICES
SMALL, FATTY, OMENTUM-LIKE PROJECTIONS
211
WHAT DOES THE LOSS OF HAUSTRA INDICATE
CHRONIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS
212
WHAT IS THE 1ST PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE
CECUM
213
DESCRIBE THE CECUM
IT IS A BLIND SAC AT THE BEGINNING OF THE LARGE INTESTINE, BUT INFERIOR TO THE JUNCTION OF THE ILEUM AND CECUM
214
WHERE IS THE CECUM LOCATED
IT LIES IN THE ILIAC FOSSA OF THE RLQ, WITHIN 2.5 cm OF THE INGUINAL LIGAMENT
215
WHAT IS THE ILEAL ORIFICE
ENTRANCE OF THE TERMINAL ILEUM INTO THE CECUM
216
WHAT IS THE ILEOCECAL VALVE
SMOOTH MUSCLE AROUND THE ILEAL ORIFICE THAT PREVENTS REFLUX FROM CECUM INTO ILEUM
217
THIS STRUCTURE IS A BLIND INTESTINAL DIVERTICULUM THAT CONTAINS MASSES OF LYMPHOID TISSUE AND ARISES FROM THE POSTEROMEDIAL ASPECT OF THE CEUM
APPENDIX
218
WHAT IS THE ILEOCOLIC ARTERY
TERMINAL BRANCH OF THE SUPERIOR MESENTERY ARTERY SUPPLYING THE CEUM
219
WHAT IS THE APPENDICULAR ARTERY
A BRANCH OF THE ILEOCOLIC ARTERY SUPPLYING THE APPENDIX
220
WHAT IS THE ILEOCOLIC VEIN
A TRIBUTARY OF THE SUPERIOR MESENTERY VEIN
221
DESCRIBE THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC PLEXUS
PSP: VAGUS NERVE
SP: LOWER THRORACIC PART OF THE SPINAL CORD
222
DESCRIBE THE AFFERENT VISCERA OF THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC PLEXUS
RUNS WITH THE SYMPATHETIC FIBERS TO T10 SEGMENT OF THE SPINAL CORD, WHICH IS THE SEGMENT RECEIVING SENSORY NEURONS FROM THE SKIN AROUND THE UMBILICUS
223
THIS STRUCTURE ENCIRCLES THE SMALL INTESTINE
COLON
224
DESCRIBE THE ASCENDING COLON
RIGHT OF THE SMALL INTESTINE, MIDGUT
225
DESCRIBE THE TRANSVERSE COLON
SUPERIOR AND ANTERIOR TO SMALL INTESTINE. MIDGUT
226
DESCRIBE THE DESCENDING COLON
LEFT OF THE SMALL INTESTINE, HINDGUT
227
DESCRIBE THE SIGMOID COLON
INFERIOR TO THE SMALL INTESTINE. HINDGUT
228
DESCRIBE THE ASCENDING COLON
2ND PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT ASCENDS FROM THE CECUM TO THE RIGHT LOBE OF THE LIVER ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY, WHERE IT TURNS LEFT
229
WHAT IS A RIGHT COLIC FLEXURE
POINT OF TURN OF THE ASCENDING COLON TO THE LEFT. IT IS LOCATED DEEP TO THE 9TH - 10TH RIBS AND IS OVERLAPPED BY THE INFERIOR PART OF THE LIVER
230
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE ASCENDING COLON
ILEOCOLIC ARTERY: BRANCH OF SMA
RIGHT COLIC ARTERY: BRANCH OF SMA
MARGINAL ARTERY: FORMED BY ANASTOMOTIC ARCADES OF SMA AND IMA
231
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE ASCENDING COLON
ILEOCOLIC AND RIGHT COLIC VEINS: TRIBUTARIES OF THE SMV
232
WHAT INNERVATES THE ASCENDING COLON
SUPERIOR MESENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS
233
WHAT IS THE TRANSVERSE COLON
3RD, LONGEST, AND MOST MMOBILE PART OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT CROSSES THE ABDOMEN FROM THE RIGHT COLIC FLEXURE TO THE LEFT COLIC FLEXURE, WHERE IT TURNS INFERIORLY TO BECOME THE DESCENDING COLON
234
WHERE IS THE TRANSVERSE COLON CONTAINED
IT IS CONTAINED IN THE TRANSVERSE MESOCOLON
235
WHAT IS THE LEFT COLIC FLEXURE? WHERE IS IT LOCATED?
POINT OF TURN OF THE TRANSVERSE COLON INFERIORLY. IT IS LOCATED ANTERIOR TO THE INFERIOR PART OF THE KIDNEY
236
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PHRENICOCOLIC LIGAMENT
IT ATTACHES THE LEFT COLIC FLEXURE TO THE DIAPHRAGM
237
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE TRANSVERSE COLON
MIDDLE COLIC ARTERY: BRANCH OF THE SMA
RIGHT AND LEFT COLIC ARTERIES: BRANCHES OF THE SMA AND IMA, RESPECTIVELY CONTRIBUTE TO THE MARGINAL ARTERY AND COULD CONTRIBUTE TO IRRIGATE THE TRANSVERSE COLON
238
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE TRANSVERSE COLON
TRIBUTARIES OF THE SMV
239
WHAT INNERVATES THE TRANSVERSE COLON
THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS
240
WHERE IS THE COLON FOUND
IT ENCIRCLES THE SMALL INTESTINE
241
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE COLON
ASCENDING
TRANSVERSE
DESCENDING
SIGMOID
242
WHAT IS THE DESCENDING COLON
4TH PART OF THE COLON THAT DESCENDS FROM THE LEFT COLIC FLEXURE TO THE LEFT ILIAC FOSSA. IT IS COVERED ANTERIORLY AND LATERALLY BY PERITONEUM
243
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE DESCENDING COLON
LEFT COLIC ARTERY: BRANCH OF THE IMA
244
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE DESCENDING COLON
TRIBUTARIES OF THE IMV
245
WHAT INNERVATES THE DESCENDING COLON
SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR MESENTERIC NERVE PLEXUS
246
WHAT IS THE SIGMOID COLON
TERMINAL S-SHAPED PART OF THE COLON THAT JOINS THE DESCENDING COLON TO THE RECTUM. IT EXTENDS FROM THE ILIAC FOSSA TO S3 VERTEBRA
247
DESCRIBE THE RECTOSIGMOID JUNCTION
IT IS DEMARCATED BY THE TERMINATION OF TENIAE COLI ~ 15 cm FROM THE ANUS
248
WHAT IS THE SIGMOID MESOCOLON
IT IS A MESENTERY ASSOCIATED WITH THE SIGMOID COLON
249
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE SIGMOID COLON
SIGMOID ARTERIES: BRANCHES OF IMA
250
WHAT ARE THE VEINS OF THE SIGMOID COLON
TRIBUTARIES OF THE IMV
251
WHAT INNERVATES THE SIGMOID COLON
SP: LUMBAR PART OF THE SYMPATHETIC TRUNK --> VIA LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC NERVES, SUPERIOR MESENTERY PLEXUS, AND INFERIOR MESENTERIC PLEXUS
PSP: PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES --> VIA INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS, AND RUNS INDEPENDENT TO THE IMA
252
THESE STRUCTURES MAKE UP THE TERMINAL PORTION OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE SIGMOID COLON AT THE LEVEL OF S3 VERTEBRA PROXIMALLY AND THE ANAL CANAL DISTALLY
RECTUM AND ANUS
253
THE TERMINAL PORTION OF THE LARGE INTESTINE THAT IS CONTIUOS WITH THE SIGMOID COLON AT THE LEVEL OF S3 VERTEBRA PROXIMALLY AND THE ANAL CANL DISTALLY
RECTUM AND ANUS
254
THE RECTUM AND ANUS ARE WHAT KIND OF STRUCTURES
RETROPERITONEAL STRUCTURES
255
*PELVIS 1 SLIDES START HERE*
PART OF THE TRUNK INFEROPOSTERIOR TO THE ABDOMEN
PELVIS
256
AREA OF TRANSITION BETWEEN TRUNK AND LOWER LIMBS, SURROUNDED BY THE PELVIC GIRDLE
PELVIS
257
PART OF THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON OF THE LOWER LIMBS
PELVIC GIRDLE
258
INFERIORMOST PART OF THE ABDOMINNOPELVIC CAVITY
PELVIC CAVITY
259
DIVISIONS OF THE PELVIS RESULTING FROM THE OBLIQUE PLANE OF THE PELVIC INLET
GREATER PELVIS
LESSER PELVIS
260
DESCRIBE GREATER PELVIS
SURROUNDED BY THE SUPERIOR PELVIC GIRDLE AND IS OCCUPIED BY INFERIOR ABDOMINAL VISCERA
261
DESCRIBE LESSER PELVIS
SURROUNDED BY THE INFERIOR PELVIC GIRDLE AND IS OCCUPIED BY THE PELVIC CAVITY AND PERINEUM
262
RINGS OF BONES THAT CONNECTS THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN TO THE 2 FEMURS
PELVIC GIRDLE
263
WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE PELVIC GIRDLE
1. BEAR THE WEIGHT OF THE UPPER BODY WHILE SITTING AND STANDING
2. TRANSFER WEIGHT FROM AXIAL SKELETON TO THES ATTACHMENT FOR THE MUSCLES OF THE EXTER LL FOR STANDING AND WALKING
3. PROVIDE ATTACHMENT FOR THE MUSCLES OF LOCOMOTION AND POSTURE, AND THOSE OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
4. CONTAIN AND PROTECTS INFERIOR ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC VISCERA
5. PROVIDES ATTACHMENT FOR THE MUSCLES OF THE EXTERNAL GENITALIA
5. PROVIDE
264
FORMED BY THE FUSION OF 3 HIP BONES AND THE SACRUM
PELVIC GIRDLE
265
SEPARATES THE 3 HIP BONES DURING CHILDHOOD AT THE ACETABULUM
TRIRADIATE CARTILAGE
266
PLACE WHERE THE 2 HIP BONES ARE JOINED ANTERIORLY
PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
267
SUPERIOR FAN-SHAPED PART OF THE HIP BONE
ILIUM
268
SPREAD OF THE FAN-SHAPED PART OF HIP BONE
ALA OF ILIUM
269
HANDLE OF THE FAN SHAPED PART OF HIP BONE THAT FORMS THE ACETABULUM EXTERNALLY
BODY OF ILIUM
270
RIM OF THE FAN-SHAPED PART OF THE HIP BONE
ILIAC CREST
271
THIS STRUCTURE IS FORMED BY THE ANTEROMEDIAL CONCAVE SURFACE OF THE ALA
ILIAC FOSSA
272
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR SUPERIOR ILIAC SPINES
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT
273
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR INFERIOR ILIAC SPINES
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT
274
FORMS SYNOVIAL ARTICULATION WITH SACRUM
AURICULAR SURFACE
275
FORMS SYNDESMOTIC ARTICULATION WITH SACRUM
ILIAC TUBEROSITY
276
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE BODY OF THE ISCHIUM
HELPS FORM THE ACETABULUM
277
THIS STRUCTURE FORMS PART OF THE OBTURATOR FORAMEN
RAMUS OF THE ISCHIUM
278
WHAT IS AN ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY
LARGE POSTEROINFERIOR PROTUBERANCE
279
WHAT IS AN ISCHIAL SPINE
SMALL POSTEROMEDIAL PROJECTION, NEAR THE JUNCTION OF BODY AND RAMUS
280
WHAT IS THE FUNTCION OF THE SUPERIOR RAMUS OF THE PUBIS BONE
HELPS FORM THE ACETABULUM
281
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE INFERIOR RAMUS OF THE PUBIS BONE
HELPS FORM THE OBTURATOR FORAMEN
282
WHAT IS THE PUBIC CREST
ANTERIOR THICKENING OF THE BODY OF PUBIS
283
WHAT IS THE PUBIC TUBERCLE
PROMINENCE ON THE BODY OF THE PUBIS, LATERAL TO THE PUBIC CREST
284
WHAT IS AN ACETABULUM
CUP-SHAPED SOCKET THAT FITS THE HEAD OF FEMUR
285
WHAT IS THE OBTURATOR FORAMEN
PASSAGE FOR THE OBTURATOR NERVE, ARTERY, AND VEIN. IT IS COVERED PARTIALLY BY THE OBTURATOR MEMBRANE
286
WHERE IS THE GREATER SCIATIC NOTCH LOCATED
BETWEEN THE POSTERIOR INFERIOR ILAC SPINE AND ISCHAL SPINE
287
WHAT IS NEEDED TO CREATE THE GREATER SCIATIC FORAMEN & THE LESSER SCIATIC FORAMEN
SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT
GREATER SCIATIC NOTCH + SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT + SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT = GREATER SCIATIC FORAMEN
288
WHERE IS THE LESSER SCIATIC NOTCH LOCATED
BETWEEN ISCHIAL SPINE AND ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY
289
WHAT STRUCTURES ARE THE PELVIC INLET BOUNDED BY
ALA OF SACRUM
ARCUATE LINE
PECTEN PUBIS
290
WHAT STRUCTURES ARE THE PELVIC OUTLET BOUNDED BY
PUBIC ARCH
ISCHIAL TUBEROSITIES
SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENTS
TIP OF COCCYX
291
WAT IS A PELVIC BRIM
BONY EDGE DEFINING THE PELVIC INLET
292
WHAT IS AN ARCUATE LINE
MARKING ON INNER SURFACE OF ILIUM
293
WHAT IS A PECTEN PUBIS
OBLIQUE RIDGE ON THE LATERAL ASPECT OF THE SUPERIOR PUBIC RAMUS
294
THIS STRUCTURE IS FORMED BY THE ISCHIOPUBIC RAMI AND COMPRISES THE ANTERIOR BOUNDARY OF THE PELVIC OUTLET
PUBIC ARCH
295
WHAT MAKES UP THE LATERAL BOUNDARY OF THE PELVIC OUTLET
ISCHIAL TUBEROSITITES
296
WHAT MAKES UP THE POSTEROLATERAL BOUNDARY OF THE PELVIC OUTLET AND IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE COCCYX AND ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY
SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENTS
297
WHAT MAKES UP THE POSTERIOR BOUNDARY OF THE PELVIC OUTLET
TIP OF THE COCCYX
298
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF SACROILIAC JOINTS
LINK THE AXIAL SKELETON AND INFERIOR APPENDICULAR SKELETON
299
IN THE PELVIC GIRDLE, WHERE IS THE SYNOVIAL JOINT FOUND
ANTERIOR BETWEEN AURICULAR SURFACES OF THE ILIUM AND SACRUM
300
IN THE PELVIC GIRDLE, WHERE IS THE SYNDESMOSIS FOUND
POSTERIOR BETWEEN THE TUBEROSITIES OF THE ILIUM AND SACRUM
301
DESCRIBE THE ANTERIOR, INTEROSSSEOUS, AND POSTERIOR SACROILIAC LIGAMENTS
MEDIATES THE TRANSFER OF BODY WEIGHT FROM THE AXIAL TO THE LL SKELETON
302
DESCRIBE THE ILIOLUMBAR LIGAMENT LOCATION
ITS FOUND BETWEEN THE ILIUM, SACRUM, AND L5 VERTEBRA
303
DESCRIBE SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT LOCATION
FROM THE POSTERIOR ILIUM AND LATERAL SACRUM AND COCCYX TO ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY
304
DESCRIBE SACROSPINOUS LIGAMENT LOCATION
FROM LATERAL SACRUM AND COCCYX TO ISCHIAL SPINE
305
THIS IS A CARTILAGINOUS JOINT FORMED BY THE INTERPUBIC DISC AND LIGAMENTS
PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
306
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR PUBIC LIGAMENTS
CONNECT THE PUBIC BODIES AND INTERPUBIC DISC SUPERIORLY AND INFERIORLY
307
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE RECTUS ABDOMINIS AND EXTERNAL OBLIQUE TENDONS
THEY REINFORCE THE PUBIC SYMPHYSIS JOINT ANTERIORLY
308
WHAT ALL STRUCTURES DOES THE PELIVS CONTAIN
TERMINAL URETERS
URINARY BLADDER
RECTUM
PELVIC GENITAL ORGANS
LOOPS OF SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES
309
WHAT CAN BE FOUND ON THE ANTEROINFERIOR WALL OF THE PELVIS
BODY AND RAMI OF PUBIC BONES & PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
310
WHAT CAN BE FOUND ON THE LATERAL WALL OF THE PELVIS
OBTURATOR INTERNUS MUSCLE AND OBTURATOR MEMBRANE
311
WHAT COVERS AND PADS MOST OF THE LATERAL PELVIC WALL
OBTURATOR INTERNUS MUSCLE AND OBTURATOR MEMBRANE
312
WHAT INNERVATES THE OBTURATOR INTERUS AND OBTURATOR MEMBRANE? WHAT ARE THEIR FUNCTONS
INNERVATED BY NERVE TO OBTURATOR INTERNUS
FUNCTION IS TO ROTATE THE THIGH LATERALLY TO SIT (CRISS-CROSS APPLESAUCE)
313
WHAT CAN BE FOUND ALONG THE POSTERIOR WALL OF THE PELVIS
PIRIFORMIS MUSCLE, THAT OCCUPIES MOST OF THE GREATER SCIATIC FORAMEN
314
WHAT INNERVATES THE PIRIFORMIS MUSCLE? WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION?
INNERVATED BY ANTERIOR RAMI OF S1-S2
FUNCTION IS TO ROTATE THIGH LATERALLY, ABDUCTS THIGH
315
WHAT FORMS THE FLOOR OF THE PELVIS
THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM
316
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM
DIVIDES THE PELVIS AND PERINEUM AND STRECTHES BETWEEN THE ANTERIOR, LATERAL, AND POSTERIOR WALL
317
WHAT STRUCTURES CAN BE FOUND IN THE FLOOR OF THE PELVIS
COCCYGEUS MUSCLE
LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE
318
WHAT INNERVATES THE COCCYGEUS MUSCLE? WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION?
INNERVATED BY BRANCHES OF S4 AND S5 SPINAL NERVES
FUNCTION IS THAT IT FORMS THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM BY SUPPORTING THE VISCERA THERE
319
WHAT INNERVATES THE LAVATOR ANI MUSCLE? WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION?
INNERVATED BY THE S4 SPINAL NERVE, INFERIOR ANAL NERVE, AND THE COCCYGEAL PLEXUS
FUNCTION IS THAT IT FORMS THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM BY SUPPORTING VISCERA THERE
320
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE
PUBORECTALIS: MEDILA
PUBOCOCCYGEUS: INTERMEDIATE
ILIOCOCCYGEUS: POSTEROLATERAL
321
WHAT ARE THE PERFORATIONS OF THE PELVIS
ANORECTAL HIATUS
UROGENITAL HIATUS
322
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE PERITONEUM IN THE PELVIC CAVITY
PARIETAL PERITONEUM CONTINUES INFERIORLY INTO THE PELVIC CAVITY, BUT DOES NOT REACH THE PELVIC FLOOR BECAUSE IT REFLECTS ONTO THE PELVIC VISCERA
323
WHAT STRUCTURES ARE ENSHEATHED BY THE PERITONEUM
OVARIES AND UTERINE TUBES ARE THE ONLY STRUCTURES ENSHEATHED BY THE PERITONEUM AND LYING INFERIOR TO IT
324
WHAT IS A SUPRAVESICAL FOSSA
REFLECTION OF PERITONEUM FROM A.A.W ONTO THE SUPERIOR SURFACE OF THE BLADDER
325
WHAT STRUCTURES ARE MALE PERITONEAL REFLECTIONS
RECTOVESICAL POUCH
PARARECTAL FOSSAE
URETERIC FOLD
326
WHAT IS A RECTOVESICAL POUCH (IN MALES)
REFLECTION OF PERITONEUM BETWEEN THE POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE BLADDER AND THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE RECTUM
327
WHAT ARE PARARECTAL FOSSAE (IN MALES)_
DEPRESSIONS ON EACH SIDE OF THE RECTUM
328
WHAT IS A URETERIC FOLD (IN MALES)
PERITONEAL RIDGE FORMED BY THE URETERS
329
WHAT STRUCTURES ARE FEMALE PERITONEAL REFLECTIONS
VESICOUTERINE POUCH
RECTOUTERINE POUCH
PARARECTAL FOSSAE
RETOUTERINE FOLDS
BROAD LIGAMENT OF UTERUS
URETERIC FOLD
330
WHAT IS A VESICOUTERINE POUCH (FEMALE)
REFLECTION OF PERITONEUM BETWEEN THE BLADDER AND THE UTERUS
331
WHAT IS A RECTOUTERINE POUCH (FEMALES)
REFLECTION OF PERITONEUM BETWEEN THE UTERUS AND THE RECTUM
332
WHAT IS A PARARECTAL FOSSAE (FEMALE)
LATERAL EXTENSIONS OF THE RECTOUTERINE POUCH ON EACH SIDE OF THE RECTUM
333
WHAT ARE RECTOUTERINE FOLDS (FEMALE)
PERITONEAL RIDGES FORMED BY UNDERLYING FASCIAL LIGAMENTS THAT DEMARCATE THE LATERAL BOUNDARIES OF THE PARARECTAL FOSSAE
334
WHAT ARE BROAD LIGAMENTS OF THE UTERUS (FEMALE)
DOUBLE PERITONEAL FOLD EXTENDING BETWEEN THE UTERUS AND THE LATERAL PELVIC WALL ON EACH SIDE.
335
WHAT DOES THE BROAD LIGAMENT OF THE UTERUS CONTAIN
CONTAINS THE UTERINE TUBES, OVARIES, LIGAMENTS OF THE OVARIES, AND ROUND LIGAMENTS OF THE UTERUS
336
WHAT ARE UERETERIC FOLDS (FEMALE)
PERITONEAL RIDGE FORMED BY THE URETERS
337
WHERE DOES THE PELVIS VASCULATURE LIE
LIE EXTRAPERITONEAL AGAINST THE POSTEROLATERAL WALLS. SOMATIC NERVES ARE LATERAL TO THE VESSELS, WITH VEINS LATERAL TO ARTERIES
338
WHAT ARE THE ARTERIES OF THE PELVIS
COMMON ILIAC ARTERY
EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
339
WHERE DOES THE COMMON ILIAC ARTERY DIVIDE
DIVIDES AT L5-S1 LEVEL
340
WHAT IS THE EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY DIVIDED INTO
FEMORAL ARTERY: FORMS DEEP TO INGUINAL LIGAMENT. LOWER LIMBS
&
INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERY: ASCENDS ALONG A.A.W
341
DESCRIBE THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
MAIN ARTERY OF PELVIS
MEDIAL TO EXTERNAL ILAIC VEIN AND OBTURATOR NERVE
DIVIDES AT GREATER SCIATIC NOTCH
342
WHERE IS THE UMBILICAL ARTERY
RUNS FROM FETUS TO PLACENTA
343
WHAT DOES THE SUPERIOR VESICAL ARTERY SUPPLY
BLADDER AND DUCTUS DEFERENS
344
WHERE IS THE OBTURATOR ARTERY FOUND
RUNS ON THE LATERAL WALL OF THE PELVIS, BETWEEN THE OBTURATOR NERVE AND VEIN
345
WHAT DOES THE INFERIOR VESICAL ARTERY SUPPLY (MALES)
BLADDER, URETER, SEMINAL VESICLE, AND PROSTATE
346
WHAT DOES THE VAGINAL ARTERY SUPPLY
VAGINA AND CERVIX
347
WHAT DOES THE UTERINE ARTERY SUPPLY
OVARIES, UTERUS, SUPERIOR VAGINA
348
WHAT DOES THE MIDDLE RECTAL ARTERY SUPPLY
INFERIOR PART OF THE RECTUM, SEMINAL GLANDS, PROSTATE IN MALES OR VAGINA IN FEMALES
349
WHAT IS THE MAIN ARTERY OF THE PERINEUM
INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY
350
WHAT DOES THE INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY SUPPLY
MUSCLES AND SKIN OF THE ANAL AND UROGENITAL TRIANGLES
351
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY
IT PASSES THRU THE GSF AND LSF TO THE UROGENITAL TRIANGLE
352
WHAT IS THE TERMINAL BRANCH OF THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY IN THE PELVIS
INFERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY
353
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE INFERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY? WHAT DOES IT SUPPLY?
IT EXITS THE PELVIS THRU THE GSF BETWEEN ANTERIOR RAMI OF S1 AND S2
IT SUPPLIES THE MUSCLES AND SKIN OF THE BUTTOCKS
354
WHAT DOES THE ILIOLUMBAR ARTERY SUPPLY
POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC WALLS
355
WHAT DOES THE LATERAL SACRAL ARTERY SUPPLY
POSTERIOR SACRUM AND OVERLYING MUSCLES
356
WHAT DOES THE SUPERIOR GLUTEAL ARTERY SUPPLY
MUSCLES OF THE BUTTOCKS
357
WHAT ARE THE VEINS SURROUNDING THE PELVIC VISCERA CALLED
PELVIC VENOUS PLEXUS
358
WHERE DOES THE PELVIC VENOUS PLEXUS DRAIN INTO
DRAINS INTO THE INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
359
WHERE IS THE PELVIC VENOUS PLEXUSE LOCATED
IT IS POSTEROINFERIOR TO THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY AND IT FORMS SUPERIOR TO THE GREATER SCIATIC FORAMEN
360
WHAT NERVES MAINLY INNERVATES THE PELVIS
THE PELVIS IS INNERVATED MAINLY BY SACRAL AND COCCYGEAL SPINAL NERVES AND PELVIS PART OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
361
WHAT STRUCTURES FORM A BED FOR THE SACRAL AND COCCYGEAL PLEXUSES
COCCYGEUS AND PIRIFORMIS MUSCLES
362
WHAT DOES THE OBTURATOR NERVE INNERVATE
MEDIAL THIGH MUSCLES
363
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE LUMBOSACRAL TRUNK
DESCENDS ANTERIORLY ON ANTERIOR SURFACE OF ALA OF SACRUM TO JOIN THE SACRAL PLEXUS
364
WHERE IS THE SACRAL PLEXUS LOCATED
ON POSTEROLATERAL WALL OF LESSER PELVIS, WITH MOST BRANCHES EXITING VIA G.S.F
365
WHAT IS THE LARGEST NERVE IN THE BODY
SCIATIC NERVE
366
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SCIATIC NERVE & WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
PASSES THRU THE G.S.F
POSTERIOR THIGH AND ENTIRE LEG AND FOOT
367
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE PUDENDAL NERVE & WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
LEAVES THE PELVIS (GSF) AND ENTERS THE PERINEUM (LSF)
MAIN NERVE OF PERINEUM AND CHIEF SENSORY NERVE OF EXTERNAL GENITALIA
368
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE & WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
LEAVES THE PELVIS (GSF);
GLUTEUS MEDIUS AND MINIMUS MUSCLES
369
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE INFERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE & WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
LEAVES THE PELVIS (GSF)
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS MUSCLE
370
WHERE IS THE COCCYGEAL PLEXUS LOCATED AND WHAT DOES IT INNERVATE
IT LIES ON THE COCCYGEAL MUSCLE
INNERVATES COCCYGEUS AND PART OF LEVATOR ANI MUSCLES, AND SACROCOCCYGEAL JOINT
371
WHERE ARE THE ANOCOCCYGEAL NERVES LOCATED AND WHAT DO THEY INNERVATE
THEY PIERCE THE COCCYGEUS MUSCLE
THEY INNERVATE A SMALL AREA OF SKIN BETWEEN TIP OF COCCYX AND ANUS
372
WHAT ARE THE AUTONOMIC NERVES OF THE PELVIS
SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS
INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS
SACRAL SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVE
373
WHAT IS THE LOCATION AND COURSE OF THE SUPERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS
IT IS LOCATED BELOW THE AORTIC BIFURCATION AND IT RECEIVES LOWER 2 LUMBAR SPLANCHNIC (L3 & L4)
IT DIVIDES INTO RIGHT AND LEFT HYPOGASTRIC NERVES WHEN IT ENTERS THE PELVIS
374
WHAT IS THE LOCATION AND COURSE OF THE INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS
IT IS LATERAL TO THE RECTUM, VAGINA, BASE OF BLADDER FORMED BY THE HYPOGASTRIC, PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES, AND FIBERS FROM THE SACRAL SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
375
WHAT IS THE SACRAL SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
SYMPATHETIC FIBERS THAT END IN THE GANGLION IMPAR IN FRONT OF THE COCCYX
376
WHAT ARE PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES
PARASYMPATHETIC FIBERS, ONLY PARASYMPATHETIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES
377
WHAT IS CONSIDERED PELVIS VISCERA
DISTAL PARTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM AND GI TRACT
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
378
WHAT STRUCTURES OF THE PELVIC VISCERA ARE A PART OF THE URINARY SYSTEM
PELVIC PORTION OF URETERS
URINARY BLADDER
URETHRA
379
WHAT IS THE COURSE OF THE PELVIC PORTION OF THE URETERS AND ITS FUNCTION
ENTER THE LESSER PELVIS WHEN CROSSING OVER THE PELVIC BRIM --> RUN ON THE LATERALWALLS, BETWEEN THE PARIETAL PELVIC PERITONEUM AND INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERIES --> CURVES ANTEROMEDIALLY SUPERIOR TO THE LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE TO OBLIQUELY GO THRU THE MUSCULAR WALL OF THE URINARY BLADDER
TRANSPORT URINE INFERIORLY AIDED BY PERISTALTIC CONTRACTIONS
380
WHAT IS THE URINARY BLADDER? WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION? WHERE IS IT LOCATED?
HOLLOW VISCERA WITH STRONG MUSCULAR WALLS
ITS FUNTION IS TO BE A TEMPORARY RESERVOIR OF URINE
IT IS LOCATED ANTERIORL TO THE PUBIC BONES AND SYMPHYSIS, POSTERIOR TO THE PROSTATE IN MALES AND VAGINA IN FEMALES, AND SUPERIORLY TO THE PERITONEUM
381
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF THE URINARY BLADDER
APEX
FUNDUS
TRIGONE
BODY
DETRUSOR MUSCLE
INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER
NECK
382
DESCRIBE THE APEX OF THE URINARY BLADDER
IT CONTINUES AS THE MEDIAN UMBILICAL LIGAMENT
383
DESCRIBE THE FUNDUS OF THE URINARY BLADDER
INFERIORLY AND POSTERIORLY OPPOSITE OF THE APEX
384
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE TRIGONE
RECIEVES THE URETERS AT THE URETERIC ORIFICES
385
WHAT IS THE LOCATION OF THE BODY OF THE URINARY BLADDER
IT IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE APEX AND FUNDUS
386
WHAT IS THE DETRUSOR MUSCLE
IT IS A SMOOTH MUSCLE THAT FORMS THE WALL OF THE URINARY BLADDER
387
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER
IT PREVENTS RETROGRADE EJACULATION AND IS FORMED BY THE DETRUSOR MUSCLE
388
WHERE IS THE NECK OF THE URINARY BLADDER LOCATED
IT SURROUNDS THE ORIGIN OF THE URETHRA
389
WHERE ARE THE LATERAL LIGAMENTS OF THE BLADDER LOCATED
IN MALE AND FEMALES, IT IS BETWEEN THE NECK OF THE BLADDER AND LATERAL PELVIC WALLS
390
WHERE IS THE PUBOVESICAL LIGAMENT LOCATED
IN FEMALES, IT IS LOCATED BETWEEN THE NECK OF THE BLADDER AND THE PUBIC BONES
391
WHERE IS THE PUBOPROSTATIC LIGAMENT LOCATED
IN MALES, BETWEEN THE PROSTATE AND THE PUBIC BONES
392
WHAT IS THE LOCATION AND FUNCTION OF THE MALE URETHRA
IT IS LOCATED FROM THE INTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE TO THE EXTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE, IT IS ABOUT 18 - 22 cm LONG
ITS FUNCTION IS TO CONVEY URINE AND BE AN EXIT FOR SEMEN
393
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE MALE URETHRA
INTRAMURAL
PROSTATIC
URETHRAL CREST
PROSTATIC SINUSES
PROSTATIC DUCTS
SEMINAL COLLICULUS
PROSTATIC UTRICLE
OPENINGS OF THE EJACULATORY DUCTS
MEMBRANOUS TISSUE
SPONGY TISSUE
394
WHAT IS THE LOCATION OF THE INTRAMURAL PART OF THE MALE URETHRA
IT IS BEFORE THE PROSTATE AND CONTAINS THE INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER
395
WHAT IS THE PROSTATIC PART OF THE MALE URETHRA
WHERE URINARY AND REPRODUCTIVE TRACTS MERGE
396
WHAT IS THE URETHRAL CREST OF THE MALE URETHRA
MEDIAN RIDGE BETWEEN THE BILATERAL GROOVES
397
WHAT ARE THE PROSTATIC SINUSES OF THE MALE URETHRA
GROOVES ON BOTH SIDES OF THE URETHRAL CREST
398
DESCRIBE THE PROSTATIC DUCTS OF THE MALE URETHRA
THEY OPEN INTO THE PROSTATIC SINUSES
399
WHAT IS THE SEMINAL COLLICULUS OF THE MALE URETHRA
ROUND EMINENCE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE URETHRAL CREST
400
WHAT IS THE PROSTASTIC UTRICLE OF THE MALE URETHRA
SLIT-LIKE ORIFICE IN THE SEMINAL COLLICULUS THAT IS MAKES THE VESTIGIAL UTEROVAGINAL CANAL
401
WHERE ARE THE OPENINGS OF THE EJACULATORY DUCTS LOCATED
ADJACENT TO THE PROSTATIC UTRICLE
402
DESCRIBE THE MEMBRANOUS TISSUE OF THE MALE URETHRA
IT PENETRATES THE PERINEAL MEMBRANE
403
DESCRIBE THE SPONGY TISSUE OF THE MALE URETHRA
IT IS FOUND THRU THE CORPUS SPONGIOSUM OF THE PENIS
404
WHAT IS THE LOCATION AND FNCTION OF THE FEMALE URETHRA
IT IS LOCATED FROM THE INTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE TO THE EXTERNAL URETHRAL ORIFICE. IT IS ABOUT 4 cm LONG, AND LIES ANTERIOR TO THE VAGINA AND PASSES TOGETHER WITH IT THRU THE PELVIS DIAPHRAGM
ITS FUNCTION IS TO CONVEY URINE
405
WHERE IS THE RECTUM LOCATED
PELVIC PART OF THE GI TRACT, CONTIUOUS PROXIMALLY WITH THE SIGMOID COLON AND DISTALLY WITH THE ANAL CANAL, AND ENDS ANTEROINFERIOR TO THE TIP OF THE COCCYX
406
WHAT ARE THE COPONENTS OF THE RECTUM
RECTOSIGMOID JUNCTION
SACRAL FLEXURE
ANORECTAL FLEXURE
AMPULLA
407
DESCRIBE THE RECTOSIGMOID JUNCTION OF THE RECTUM
ANTERIOR TO THE S3 VERTEBRA, DEMARCATED BY THE TERMINATION OF HAUSTRA
408
DESCRIBE THE SACRAL FLEXURE OF THE RECTUM
IT IS FORMED AS THE RECTUM FOLLOWS THE SACRUM AND COCCYX
409
DESCRIBE THE ANORECTAL FLEXURE
IT IS A SHARP POSTEROINFERIOR ANGLE BEFORE THE END OF THE RECTUM FORMED AS THE GI PERFORATES THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM
410
DESCRIBE THE AMPULLA OF THE RECTUM
IT IS A DILATED TERMINAL PART OF THE RECTUM THAT LIES DIRECTLY SUPERIOR TO AND SUPPORTED BY THE PELVIC DIAPHRAGM, AND RECEIVES AND HOLDS FECES
411
*PELVIS 2 STARTS HERE**
WHAT ARE TESTIS?
MALE REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS, THAT PRODUCE SPERMS AND HORMONES
412
WHAT SUSPENDS THE TESTIS
TESTIS ARE SUSPENDED BY THE SPERMATIC CORDS
413
WHAT IS THE TUNICA VAGINALIS
CLOSED PERITONEAL SAC THAT COVERS THE SCROTUM SURFACE, EXCEPT WHERE IT ATTACHES THE EPIDIDYMIS AND SPERMATIC CORD
414
WHAT IS THE TUNICA ALBUGINEA
TOUGH FIBROUS OUTER SURFACE OF TESTIS
415
WHAT IS THE MEDIASTINUM OF THE TESTIS
THICKENED RIDGE OF THE TUNICA ALBUGINEA IN THE POSTERIOR ASPECT OF THE TESTES THAT GENERATES FIBROUS SEPTA
416
HOW ARE LOBULES FORMED?
THEY ARE FORMED BETWEEN SEPTA ORIGINATING FROM THE MEDIASTINUM OF THE TESTIS AND CONTAINS THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
417
DESCRIBE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
LONG AND HIGHLY COILED STRUCTURE THAT PRODUCES SPERM!
418
DESCRIBE STRAIGHT TUBULES
THEY JOIN THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES TO THE RETE TESTIS
419
WHAT IS RETE TESTIS
A NETWORK OF CANALS IN THE MEDIASTINUM OF THE TESTIS
420
WHAT IS AN EPIDIDYMIS AND WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION?
ENLOGATED STRUCTURE ON THE POSTERIOR SURFACE OF THE TESTIS
ITS FUNCTION IS TO STORE AND MATURE SPERM
421
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EFFERENT DUCTULES
THEY TRANSPORT NEWLY DEVELOPED SPERMS TO THE EPIDIDYMIS
422
WHAT ARE THE PARTS OF THE EPIDIDYMIS
1.) HEAD: COILED END OF EFFERENT DUCTULES
2.) BODY: CONVULUTED DUCTS OF EPIDIDYMIS
3.) TAIL: CONTINUOUS WITH DUCTUS DEFERENS
423
WHERE DO TESTICULAR ARTERIES ARISE FROM
THEY ARISE FROM THE ABDOMINAL AORTA, INFERIOR TO RENAL ARTERIES
424
WHAT IS THE PAMPINIFORM VENOUS PLEXUS
NETWORK OF 8-12 VEINS THAT SURROUND THEBTESTICULAR ARTERY AND IS LOCATED ANTERIOR TO THE DUCTUS DEFERENS.
425
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE PAMPINIFORM VENOUS PLEXUS
CONTRIBUTES TO THE THERMOREGULATION OF THE TESTIS.
426
DESCRIBE THE COURSE OF THE PAMPINIFORM VENOUS PLEXUS
THE PLEXUS CONVERGES SUPERIORL TO FORM THE TESTICULAR VEINS, WHICH ENTER THE IVC AND LEFT RENAL VEIN
427
WHAT STRUCTURE IS A CONTINUATION OF THE DUCT OF THE EPIDIDYMIS
DUCTUS DEFERENS
428
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF DUCTUS DEFERENS
TRANSPORTS SPERM FROM EPIDIDYMIS TO EJACULATORY DUCTS IN URETHRA
429
DESCRIBE THE COURSE OF THE DUCTUS DEFERENS
IT TRAVELS IN THE SPERMATIC CORD AND ENTERS THE A.A.W (ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL) VIA THE INGUINAL CANAL. IT CROSSES OVER THE EXTERNAL ILIAC VESSELS AND ENTERS THE PELVIS. THEN IT ENDS AT THE SEMINAL GLAND, WHERE IT JOINS THE SEMINAL DUCT TO FORM THE EJACULATORY DUCT
430
WHERE IS THE SEMINAL GLAD LOCATED AND WHAT IS ITS FUNCTION
IT IS AN ENLONGATED STRUCTURE BETWEEN THE FUNDUS OF THE BLADDER AND RECTUM, SUPERIOR TO THE PROSTATE
ITS FUNCTION IS TO SECRETE A THICK FLUID THAT MIXES WITH SPERM ON THEIR WAY TO THE EJACULATOY DUCTS. IT DOES NOT STORE SPERM!
431
**SLIDE 12 OF PELVIS 2**
*LAST SLIDE BEFORE QUIZ 6*
WHERE ARE THE EJACULATORY DUCTS LOCATED?
SLENDER TUBES THAT ARISE NEAR THE NECK OF THE BLADDER BY THE UNION OF SEMINAL DUCTS AND DUCTUS DEFERENS, AND END IN THE SEMINAL COLLICULUS OF PROSTATIC URETHRA
