Exam 3 Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
what to do when choking
A
restore maintain patient airway to normal breathing
ask person if they’re choking first
2
Q
bandages are
A
triangular
3
Q
cravat is a
A
smaller cloth
4
Q
ankle wrap, protective splints, sleeves, slings are other
A
support devices
5
Q
allergic reaction can cause a
A
anaphalytic shock
6
Q
what to do in anaphalytic shock
A
Epipen for 10 seconds with Nonerphrine
7
Q
allergic reaction is a
A
immune system overreacting to allergen
8
Q
severe allergic reaction symptoms
A
swelling of face, mouth
difficulty swallowing, speaking
difficulty breathing, abdomen pain
nausea, vomiting, syncope
9
Q
lacerations prevent
A
contamination and control bleeding
10
Q
lacerations can be
A
arterial- fast bleeding
11
Q
what to do in shock
A
reduce/ remove cause and prevent / reduce extent of mind state
12
Q
in shock put the head
A
lower than lower exteremities
13
Q
hypovelmic is blood too
A
low
14
Q
symptoms of shock and orthostatic hypotension
A
pale, moist, cool skin, swallow/ irregular breathing, dizziness, dilated pupils , weak /rapid pulse, diaphoresis, nausea, syncope
15
Q
orthostatic (postural) hypotension is
A
when one stands too quickly from recumbent / sitting / kneeling
16
Q
what to do when BP is dropping
A
have pt do ankle pumps
upper extremity activity before next positions
pt needs bandage or hose to lessen
17
Q
fall risk
A
carelessness , i’ll, aging
18
Q
fractures protect-
avoid-
prevent -
reduce-
guard-
A
fracture site
further injury
prevent shock
reduce pain
guard against contamination
19
Q
burns prevent -
relieve-
prevent -
A
wound contamination
relieve pain
prevent shock
20
Q
convulsions / seizures protect person from
A
injury, turn head to the side, provide pt modesty
21
Q
hypo- sugar
hyper- sugar
A
provide sugar
no sugar
22
Q
what patterns for forefoot and ankle
A
figure 8
23
Q
seizures turn patient head to
A
side
24
Q
heat exhaustion -
heat stroke-
A
least threnating to life
medical emergency
25
cause of heat related illness
hot humid, lot of activity, dehydration can depleted electrolytes
26
hypoglycemia patient may be
excited agitated behavior
27
hypoglrmic too ___ systemic insulin
too ____ food intake or ____ exercise
much
little
excessive
28
hyperglycemia too ___ systemic insulin
intake of ___ much food / improper food, ___ physical activity
little
too
no
29
hyperglycemia has
dry tongue , drowsy, glucose in urine, fruity breath
30
hyperglycemia can lead to
diabetic coma / death
31
which is a medical emergency where insulin is necessary
hyperglycemia
32
hyperglycemia is ___ which means do not give ____
acidosis
sugar
33
autonomic hypereflexia (dysreflexia) in spinal cord injury ___ or higher
T6
34
what to do is autonomic hyperreflexia
determine / remove noxious stimulus
(full bladder cath)- pt would sit up
35
symptoms of autonomic hypereflexia
severe hypotension
bradycardia
diaphoresis
headache
red skin bloctnes
pilorection
may convulse difficult with respiration, lose consciousness
36
causes of autonomic hyperreflexia
urine retention, fecal impact on, open pressure ulcer, tight strap, pressure, exercise, below level lesion
37
cardiac arrest/ death maintain
cardiopulmonary system at a level sufficient to sustain life
38
CPR is C-A-B
__ chest compressions prior to _ rescue breaths
30
2
39
how many times per minute is CPR
100 times per minute
40
Febreral seizure is
high temp
41
normal gait is
good BOS
foot clearance
step length
stride length
energy
42
gait is the
styles of walking is affecting with activity
43
gait is measured in
length
speed
trunk motion
arm swing
44
BOS is _____ in helps with balance and stability
2-4
45
center of gravity is
lower COG has more
5cm anterior S2 changes vertical/ horizontal
stability
46
stride is the
distance between points of initial contact with same foot
(left heel- left heel)
47
step length is the
distance beteeen point of initial contact with one foot then point of contact with the opposite foot
(left heel- right heel)
48
_ stride = _ steps
1
2
49
double support are both feet in contact with ground at %
20
50
single support only 1 foot on ground at %
80
51
pelvis rotates__ degrees when moving
8
4 right- 4 left
52
what stabilizes so no hip drop (tradenlenburg)
gluteus medius
53
arm swing is ______ to direction of pelvis
contra lateral
54
for balance and stability the rotation of shoulder arm and trunk occur
Pt with parkinson’s lose
arm swing
55
need ___ of knee flexion when walking
60
56
_______ eccentric prevent foot slap
ankle dorsiflexion
57
pronation during toe off
foot shock absorber
58
stance phase of gait is %
60%
59
foot contacts until it leaves the ground
stance phase
60
swing phase is % of gait
40
61
time foot is off ground swinging
swing phase
62
RLA stance -
initial ____
loading _____
______(all weight)
_____ stance (heel off)
______(toe off ground)
contact
loading response
midstance
terminal
preswing
63
Traditional Stance
heel ____
foot ____
midstance
______
______[
strike
flat
midstance
heel off
toe off
64
RLA swing
initial ____ toe up
_______ through space
______ swing initial contact
swing
mid swing
terminal
65
lower extremity in gait
hip _______
_____
knee _____
______
ankle _______
extension
abduction
flexion
extensors
ankle plantarflexors
66
upper extremity using ambulation device
needs elbow ____
scapula ______, shoulder _____, flex/ext, finger ___
flexion
stabilized
depression
flexion
67
documentation / assessment
step to , step through (pass other foot)
reciprocal arm swing, arm guarding, trunk rotation - 8 degrees, LOB, step length(opposite feet)
VC or TC curing
walker mang. , posture
68
NWB can be
TDWB and TTWB
69
PWB is % (foot switches)
25-50%
70
WBAT is
FWB
71
NWB-TDWB-PWB-WBAT-FWB
72
prepare
review medical record
limitation
capabilities
determine equipment
explain process to pt
clear space
confirm measurement
safety belt
understand follow
explain demonstrate
repeat back
73
practice session before gait you can use
parallel bars sit to stand
74
patient that need upright angle, check vitals
tilt table
75
exercise to
stay healthy
76
reasons why we exercise
decrease cardiovascular issues
smooth mobility in joints, muscle strength, balance- nervous system, ROM and endurance / muscular endurance
77
what exercises do we do for cardiovascular
aerobic - cardio
78
active is
assist independently , voluntary control
79
passive is
someone doing it for them, unable to contract muscles
80
adding ______ to build strength of muscle
resistance
81
passive is unrestricted ___ of joint and ___ ____ strength or ROM
ROM
NO increase
82
passive excerises are for maintaining
muscle mass
position - blood flow
passive ROM limit
83
active increases _____move themselves
strength
84
no increase joints range, no stretching
active
85
what muscle test can you do for active
Manual muscle test
86
normal Range is 5/5 or ____ or higher must have resistance to build
3+
87
factor for endurance is
time
88
active assistive ROM is
resistance where weakest external force resisting w motion
89
active assistive ROM is for
muscle weakness , fatigue, pain
90
strength and endurance AAROM
manual mechanical gravitational
isometric- how long can they hold
91
valsalva maneuver can
increase perphieral BP
decrease output
decrease venous return (pass out)
92
passive exercises for
paralysis
comatose
pain with active
recovery from surgery prevents active
93
PROM for
counteracts negative aspects of immobilization
evaluate joint ROM
sensory stimulation
reduce stress on cardiopulmonary
94
contraindications for PROM
patient is independent moving would
benefit from AROM
increases pt symptoms / condition
95
benefits PROM
maintain ROM
lubricate joints
minimize contractures
local circulation
mental sensory awareness
flexibility/ stability
96
Limits PROM
no increase strength
does not prevent muscle atrophy
cannot reduce adipose tissue
97
exercise better for circulation
active
98
passive can still do you on cannot for past their limit ROM
99
Contraindications AROM
modify cardiovascular dysfunction
unhealed fracture site
unprotected surgical site
soft tissue trauma
100
benefits AROM
maintain elasticity
strength endurance contractility
increase sensory awareness joint motion
improvement cardiopulmonary
101
AROM prevents
thrombus in PVD -ankle pumps
102
isotonic- muscle contracts joints move
eccentric -
concentric -
lengthen increase strengthen faster
shorten
103
isometric length does not change no joint motion no resistance applied muscle setting contracticted after MI
104
isokinetic
speed movement controlled by equipment
105
passive insufficiency
active insufficiency
lengthen over both
shorten/ contract over both
106
passive (hamstrings)
active (rectus femoris)
hip flexion/ bend knee more motion
107
PNF stands for
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
108
frontal motions
abduction adduction
109
sagittal motions
flex , ext
110
transverse motions
in rot ex rot
scaption
111
PNF patterns multiple joints = ___ motion because of ____
one
function
112
supine position - gravity is ____ in passive
eliminated
113
safety is staying in range that is
pain free
114
support is for off weight of joint to support
motion
115
stabilize to ___ injured area
protect
116
above and below ROM of injured area
hand and shoulder if elbow is injured
117
hard end feel is the ___ only
elbow
118
normal feel is hard ___to____
bone to bone
119
firm is
capsular
120
soft is soft tissue
stretch
121
normal feel- elbow ____
firm - hip ____
soft- elbow / knee _____
ext
rot
flex
122
abnormal muscle ____ or torn ____
spam
cartilage
123
empty feel - not able to compete for _____ due to ___
FULL ROM
pain
124
normal feel is _____,____,_____
hard
firm
soft
125
abnormal feel is ____,_____,____
empty feel
bone to bone
springy block
126
osteophyte formation
bone to bone
127
meniscus tear
springy block
128
PNF does not have a ____ plane
(driving, combing hair, dressed)
straight
129
vertebral artery occlusion test - check for block
blood flow to brain
(double vision, nauseous)
hold each position for 10-15 sec
wait 10 sec between easch test before returning to neutral
130
neck test is
flex ext
rot in ext
lateral flex
131
D1 flex/ext - kicking a ball
flex-
ext-
dorsiflexion
plantarflexion
132
D2 Flex/ Ext- karate kick
flex-
ext-
leg up internal rot
leg behind crossed
133
alert and orientation
name dob (identifies)
time (month, day of week)
place (city, hospital)
situation (what are they here for)
STOP TREATMENT WHEN
hemoglobin less than 7 , not getting enough oxygen
INR .8-1.2 sec (medicine range 2-3sec)
greater than 5 sec ^blood thining
glucose 70-100 mg , greater than 200 less than 70
