Exam 3

Question 1

Characteristics, examples, limitations of nonvascular

Answer 1

Herbaceous (non-woody)
Rhizoids no roots
Thallus no leaves
Moss
Evolved 1st
Live by water
Short amount of vascular tissue
Bryophytes
No pollen

Question 2

Examples, characteristics, limitations of seedless vascular plants

Answer 2

Must leave near moist environment (water)
Tall
Fern
Most are homosporous
Monilophyta
No pollen

Question 3

Benefits of vascular tissue

Answer 3

Increase of height (growth)
Evolutionary advantage
Transport water and minerals through xylem
Transport organic products through phloem

Question 4

Gymnosperm

Answer 4

Naked seed not enclosed in chamber mostly conifers

Question 5

Angiosperm

Answer 5

Enclosed in chamber
Flowering plants and fruits

Question 6

Which produce pollen and seeds Gymno or Angio?

Answer 6

Both

Question 7

Evolutionary order

Answer 7

Green algae —> mosses —> conifers —> flowers

Question 8

How is pollen/sperm dispersed in seed plants ?

Answer 8

Pollen contains the sperm and travel via animals wind not just water

Question 9

What two adaptions occur in Gymno and Angio that contribute to their success

Answer 9

Are in a chamber allowing them to hatch when conditions are fit. Travel through other means aside from water pollen allows them to reproduce without water.

Question 10

Which is the most successful group of plants why ?

Answer 10

Flowering plants. Produce seeds, pollen, travel easily

Question 11

Pistil (Carpel)

Answer 11

Ovule-producing structure , consists of stigma, style, ovary
Female

Question 12

Stigma

Answer 12

Sticky part of Carple receiving pollen

Question 13

Style

Answer 13

Stalk connecting stigma and ovary
Female

Question 14

Ovary

Answer 14

Contains eggs and ovule develope
Female

Question 15

Stamen

Answer 15

Reproductive structure consisting of filament and anther
Male

Question 16

Filament

Answer 16

Stalk portion, pollen producing

Question 17

Anther

Answer 17

Pollen sac, pollen grains containing sperm
Male

Question 18

Seed coat

Answer 18

Tough covering of a seed
Protects embryo and endosperm

Question 19

Pollen

Answer 19

Contains gametes

Question 20

Apical bud

Answer 20

At tip of plants
Cause elongation

Question 21

Axillary bud

Answer 21

Able to form lateral branch, thorns, or flower

Question 22

Nodes

Answer 22

Places on a stem that have buds
Leaves attached

Question 23

Apical meristem

Answer 23

Growing tip of a plant cells dividing repeatedly
Plant grows in length

Question 24

Lateral meristem

Answer 24

Thickness of roots, shouts of woody plants, vascular cambium and cork cambium

Question 25

Annual

Answer 25

Completed life cycle in 1 year

Question 26

Perennial

Answer 26

Grows year after year

Question 27

Biennial

Answer 27

Completed life cycle in 2 year

Question 28

Stomata

Answer 28

Pore in epidermis of leaves and teams that allows gas exchange

Question 29

Dendrocronología

Answer 29

Analysis of tree rings

Question 30

Gravitropism

Answer 30

Growth in response to gravity

Question 31

Phototropisms

Answer 31

Growth in response to light

Question 32

Thigmotropism

Answer 32

Directional growth in response to touch

Question 33

Germination

Answer 33

When seed starts to grow

Question 34

How do bees make honey ?

Answer 34

They consume nectar into second stomach then vomit and the cycle continues until put to rest when solid enough

Question 35

Prop roots

Answer 35

Support in loser soil (corn)

Question 36

Buttress

Answer 36

Support in shallow moist soil (tropical rain forest)

Question 37

Storage

Answer 37

Stores nutrients (onions, beets)

Question 38

Stolons

Answer 38

Can form new plants at nodes (runners) horizontal stem

Question 39

Rhizomes

Answer 39

Underground stem

Question 40

Tubers

Answer 40

Form at end of rhizomes or stolons for storage (potatoes )

Question 41

Thorns

Answer 41

Protection (not to be confused for prickles of roses)

Question 42

Tendrils

Answer 42

Grasping leaves in some vines

Question 43

Spines

Answer 43

Found on cacti for protection

Question 44

Storage

Answer 44

True bulb found in onions for nutrients storage

Question 45

What are the modified leaves we discussed ?

Answer 45

Tendrils Spines Storage

Question 46

Radial system

Answer 46

Pie cuts

Question 47

Bilateral system

Answer 47

Two equal but opposite halves (humans)

Question 48

Dorsal

Answer 48

Top side / back of animal

Question 49

Vertical

Answer 49

Bottom side of animal

Question 50

Posterior

Answer 50

Back end

Question 51

Antirior

Answer 51

Front end

Question 52

Anatomical terms for bilateral systems in animals

Answer 52

Dorsal Ventral Posterior Anterior