Exam 3

Question 1

Body Mass Index

Answer 1

Represents the ratio of a person’s weight to the square of his or her height.

Question 2

Total 24-hour energy expenditure is composed of three components:

Answer 2

-Basal Metabolic rate (BMR)
-Thermic effect of food (TEF)
-Energy cost of physical activity

Question 3

Indirect Calorimetry

Answer 3

Estimates energy expenditure by measuring oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production.

Question 4

Non-exercise activity Thermogenesis (NEAT)

Answer 4

Is energy expended for activities above BMR and TEF but excludes sporting activities including spontaneous physical activities such as fidgeting and shifting.

Question 5

Thrifty Gene Theory

Answer 5

People with this gene expend less energy at rest than other people at rest.

Question 6

Leptin

Answer 6

Hormone produced by adipose tissue, acts to reduce food intake.

Question 7

Serotonin and Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer 7

Hormones that increase satiety (or decrease food intake).

Question 8

Visceral Fat

Answer 8

Surrounds internal organs.

Question 9

A protein secreted by adipose tissue

Answer 9

Adipokines

Question 10

A cluster of factors increases the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and stroke.

Answer 10

Metabolic syndrome.

Question 11

Low-carbohydrate diets

Answer 11

Cause Ketosis, which will decrease blood glucose and insulin levels and reduce appetite.

Question 12

Vitamins

Answer 12

Tasteless, organic compounds needed in small amounts (One the exam I will need to identify and select one of the B vitamins.

Question 13

What vitamins are found in the protein food group.

Answer 13

Niacin, Thiamin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12

Question 14

Folate is found is what food group?

Answer 14

Fruit

Question 15

Vitamin D is found is what food group?

Answer 15

Dairy

Question 16

Fat- soluble vitamins

Answer 16

A,D,E,K

Question 17

Water- soluble vitamins

Answer 17

Not stored in the body and need to be consumed daily.

Question 18

What vitamin is used as Coenzyme NAD required for protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism?

Answer 18

Niacin Vitamin B3)

Question 19

What is the deficiency disease of thiamin?

Answer 19

Beri-Beri Thiamin deficiency.

Question 20

What vitamin is destroyed by UV light, therefore milk is kept in opaque carton containers?

Answer 20

Riboflavin (Vitamin B12)

Question 21

Severe Niacin Deficiency

Answer 21

Pellagra

Question 22

Pyridoxine

Answer 22

Vitamin B6

Question 23

What vitamin deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in infants?

Answer 23

Folate (Vitamin B9)

Question 24

What vitamin requires an intrinsic factor for absorption?

Answer 24

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)

Question 25

What mineral is a component of thyroid hormones?

Answer 25

Iodine.

Question 26

What mineral is a cofactor in protein fat carbohydrate metabolism gluconeogenesis, cholesterol synthesis and urea formation

Answer 26

Manganese

Question 27

How do water molecules react to negative ions

Answer 27

Positive ions attract to chloride.

Question 28

What is an excellent solvent in the body

Answer 28

Water

Question 29

What organ helps regulate blood volume + blood pressure

Answer 29

Kidneys

Question 30

What hormone is released from the pituitary gland to regulate blood volume.`

Answer 30

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Question 31

What mineral is required to pump out of the muscle cell for relaxation after a muscle contraction?

Answer 31

Calcium

Question 32

What % of the healthy adult body is fluid?

Answer 32

About 50-70%

Question 33

What is one component of the extracellular fluid compartment?

Answer 33

Plasma

Question 34

T or F? Lean tissue has less fluid content than fat tissue?

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What is the positive ion on the intracellular fluid?

Answer 35

Potassium

Question 36

What is the negative ion of the extracellular fluid?

Answer 36

Chloride

Question 37

Metabolic water is formed by?

Answer 37

Metabolic reactions.

Question 38

Increased concentration of solutes in the blood stimulates what region of the brain known as the thirst mechanism?

Answer 38

Hypothalamus.

Question 39

Sensible fluid loss occurs from what?

Answer 39

Urine

Question 40

High blood pressure is associated with what type of diet?

Answer 40

High-sodium diets